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Pe Oe Ie ot Ee A Gps automatic control, the designers at- tempted to meet the situation by in- stalling control levers that worked as if intended to move a ton weight. This only tired out the stevedore, made it almost impossible for him to “inch” a load, gave him a sore arm, and slowed up operations. All of these troubles are now in the packground and can be charged to ex- perience. Today when a cargo winch with automatic control is installed, that is generally the last the manufac- turer hears of it. There are but few orders for spare parts and the com- Jaint files are as bare as the proverbial “Mother Hubbard’s cupboard.” Now this brings us to the point of what kind of instructions are to be given in the operation, care and upkeep of electric cargo winch equipment. From the standpoint of operation there is not much to be said. Let the stevedore push or pull the control handle fast or slow, as he likes. There is only one way he can get into trouble and that is to. reverse the cable on the drum. When the equip- ment is installed, the line is sup- posed to feed out over the top of the drum. When the cable is reversed, then, of course, the hoisting is done on the electrical connections intend- ed for lowering and the lowering on the hoisting connections. The effect of dynamic braking is lost, and the power available for hoisting is only that small amount intended to start the motor in the reverse direction when lowering. This imposes a heavy current load which is dissi- pated in the resistors, and if con- tinued, is likely to burn out a block of resistors. This has happened but, of course, is very rare. It is a good thing then to have someone on the ship’s force look around occasionally to see that no-one has played this “dumb-bell” trick. Care and upkeep is something dif- ferent from operation. It is what the engineering personnel are re- sponsible for. Common sense is the Main requisite required. Troubles usually occur because of tinkerers or ones who do things without any re- 3 ference to what is required. It seems strange that a little thing like an oil-can in the hands of an Over zealous engineer can cause a lot of woe but this is true. Every motor, of Course, must be lubricated and there is an oi] well on both ends of the motor Shaft for this purpose. These oi] wells are supposed to be filled up to a certain level and a filler Pipe with plug is provided for this Purpose. When oil is put in through the filler Pipe the level of the pipe is Such that the well cannot be flooded. re ay of the bearing housing there » also located a handhole late, Placed there for purposes of Holaine - io pte when assembling the : ome i i tetak bright oilers have at by removing the hand- ee : Plate and oiling through there, at they could flood the oil wells HUTTUTATERLTH TATA TOTU COLOR REO ET NewtypeofGerman electriccargowinch. All mechanical and electrical parts in- cluding the con- trols are combined in the winch block. Braking is auto- matic when current is turned off. Can be operated by un- trained hand TPT UOAU LEATHER SUA OU TUEEL LARA TEA and fill the inside of the motor as well. In some cases they have not been satisfied until the oil has cov- ered the commutator, the brushes, and windings, and run all over the deck through the drainage check valve. If there is anyone who can make a mess out of a motor quicker than an oiler who prefers to oil through hand hole plates, the author would like to get a snapshot of him. Aside from the cargo winches, there have been cases where grease has been forced into ball bearing mo- tors until the accumulations on the decks and in the motor are sufficient io supply the needs for 30 years. Ball bearing motors require looking at about once every three months. The ball races are to be about one- third filled, and the old grease cleaned out and renewed about once a year, and still there are oilers who persist in crowding in grease every watch. Motors on deck naturally must permit water to escape but not to enter. A drain with a ball float is provided for this purpose. At one time this check valve was placed rather low in the frame and it was possible with some gymnastics on the part of the painter for him to reach underneath the frame with his brush and paint the bottom of the ball and the seat of the check valve. It was SUEDE TS TET Electriccargowinch on the American Motorship East In- dian. 25 horsepower 310 revolutions 230 volt marine type— brake of watertight solenoid type HEE MARINE REVIEW—May, 1931 such a common occurrence to have these drain valves so plastered with paint and inoperative, the designers were forced to move them inboard out of reach of the brush. If the painters put an extension on the handles of their brushes, or start us- ing a spray gun, the designing engi- neers have got another job ahead of them. For some reason, the automatic control panels have not given any trouble. This is probably due to the equipment being installed in a deck- house and under a lock and key, which keeps the painters and oilers out. The requisites are cleanliness and tight connections. The room where the panels and resistors are located is a poor place for the crew to stow discarded clothes. Electric motors and automatic con- trol for cargo winch duty are de- signed to stand hard operating us- age. Series motors, the type general- ly used, have rugged characteristics. The heavier the load imposed on them, the harder they pull. They are the bulldogs of the motor kingdom. With proper’ lubrication, check valves free of incrustations of paint, and the line reeled the right way on the drum, they will outlive the ship on which they are placed. They buck, however, when oiled through the handhole plates. 49