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; 2 5 : with the railroad between the in- cline and the ear float. Wharf barges are also sometimes used with this type of terminal. In this case, the function of the barge is to pro- vide a mooring beside the car float. By this method, direct access is es- tablished between the river barge and the railroad car. This type of river terminal facil- ity can be successfully operated re- gardless of fluctuations in _ river stage. For use to best advantage, there must be a large amount of freight passing over it. It has been found that the trucking distance re- quired with this type between the barge and car is at a minimum. It has also been established that this type results in low cost per ton of handling cargo. The use of cranes for handling river freight, is in vogue to some ex- tent, but mainly for the handling of special products, steel for instance. Among other types of terminals in operation on the rivers for handling Above — Looking into from platform of Showing truck working cargo barge elevator miscellaneous freight there is the conveyor type of unloader which compensates for changes in river stage by having its outer end capable of being raised or lowered as neces- sary. Transit sheds are also in use, and are constructed with a number of stories and have several different levels for use with different stages of water. At such points on the riv- ers where there is little or no tidal or flood fluctuations, the vertical lift type of terminal is used for han- dling package freight. In the handling of bulk material, the type of terminal facility depends upon whether the handling is being done into or out of barges and also upon the kind of freight handled. The type of equipment in use for loading bulk cargo into barges con- sists of a conveyor system in con- nection with hoppers and _ chutes which lead to the barge. In un- loading barges, the equipment is nec- essarily more elaborate and expen- sive. With this type of equipment, Above—General view of Missis- sippi Valley Barge line terminal at Cincinnati with one of the new towboats and tow of barges. This modern terminal is equipped with the latest mechanical han- dling facilities. Below—Barges at low-water with dock elevator below lower floor. One barge elevator is in place working car- go, and a second is about to be spotted over hatch of barge MARINE REview—June, 19 31 crane or bucket conveyors are used. In some of the bulk and package ter- minals locomotive cranes are also employed. The table on page 34 which shows the terminal facilities of the Carne- gie Steel Co. will give an idea of the type and extent of the cargo han- dling equipment in operation by pri- vate interests in handling coal, ore, finished and unfinished steel, ete. Terminal facilities on the Ohio river and its tributaries, including the Monongahela, Cumberland and Tennessee, depend as to size, type and equipment on the amount and kind of cargo which moves over them. Where there is an extensive regular movement of freight of one sort, we find a terminal designed par- ticularly for its handling. In this case the type of equipment in use is elaborate and where there are fa- cilities for direct transfer between river and rail and vice versa, it is still more elaborate. A number of this type of terminal facility are in Above—Barlow marine eleva- tor of the automatic swing-out platform type 31