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seful Fjint HE disadvantages of steel hatch <a are met with principally when deck cargoes are carried but designs have been developed to take eare of this difficulty. Another ob- jection offered is that if a steel hatch cover is struck by a slingload of eargo and damaged, it means a ship- yard repair job. This is true also of steel strongbacks used with wood- en hatch covers, or winches. There is a limit to the expense that can be An efficient sling with net and header for handling platforms afforded to protect against careless workmen. A ship’s captain raised the ques- tion of the ability to keep steel covers watertight. If any such trou- ble should develop tarpaulins could always be used in the same manner as they are used with wooden hatch covers. Conveyors are used at Searsport, Me., for loading bags of potatoes. On Spending Wisely NDER any condition of business, but particularly under present business conditions, it is considered by the best executives vital that each overhead dollar is expended to the best advantage. Under present con- ditions, a dollar expended wisely on reducing stevedoring costs can mean more net profit than a dollar ex- pended in reducing fuel costs. The test is the net return for each dollar expended, giving little weight to in- tangible results and little or no con- sideration to ratios, theories, prin- ciples and opinions, except as ratios, theories, principles and opinions are AUUUUTUULURTTTLLLLUETLLLLULGLLLGLASALALLLCGLUUCLLGGELLCOUGEELUURUCOOOUDOCOUO UL HIS page is being devoted to short items on all matters having to do with the more efficient turn- around of ships. These items are in- tended to be of a helpful nature. We will welcome for this page brief descriptions, illustrated if possible, of any better or safer way of perform- ing any function in cargo handling. Also, any questions submitted will be answered by the editor. OTE MULUUUILUETELULLLLLOOGALLUCALUULLUULLORREAUUAOCLULLLLCCRCOCOOUAIUUUUUUUCCOOOCODAOnO EOD a guide pointing the way to facts. Following such a course has proved very profitable. Use of Mechanical Aids HE old tradition that trailers can- not. be used effectively except when the haul is over 300 feet is un- sound. The persistance of this idea in some places is due to lack of analizing the cargo handling problem and the possible uses of tractors and trailers. The economies resulting from use of this equipment depends on actual terminal conditions and tractors and trailers are successfully used where hauls are short. Increase in number of men on a terminal reaches a point where they are in one anothers way and the in- crease in accomplishment per added man becomes less and less. This condition gets worse until actual de- erease in results is the result. Cribs should be erected for the special protection of valuable cargo and very small packages and for commodities of moderate value which are for one reason or another experience unusual pilferage. Cases should be checked in and out of crib. ACHT Mon- ette, weigh- ing 27 tons, brought out from England on the R. M. 8S. Majes- tic being put over the side at New York. The Mon- ette is reputed to be the fastest of her class. MARINE REvIEw—March, 1932 Special cargo space should be pro- vided on ship board and cargo checked in and out by responsible officers having sole access. Discharging pulpwood at. Rotter- dam by means of a special type grab has expedited discharging 100 per cent. Formerly the wood was made into slingloads by hand and _ ships gear used for hoisting overside. Using ships gear 500 fathoms per day was discharged. With the newly in- vented grab 1000 fathoms a day are discharged. Stone, scrap iron and other com- modities are also handled with grabs. The worst kind of small scrap can be handled cheaply. Rubber Tires for Trailers es aes tires for trailers are prov- ing to be more advantageous than they were a few years ago due to the development of a better compound. Draw-bar pull is less than when steel wheels are used, there is less grind- ing and wearing action on the floor, less dust, less noise and the loads are not jarred from the trailers as fre- quently as when steel wheels are used. One operator has found that longer trailer trains can be pulled because rubber tired trailers do not ereep sideways on making turns. Tinplate is handled on hand trucks by a coastwise line. A truck is brought to the pile in the box car. Two men pick up a box of tinplate and place it on the truck which is then lowered to the floor. The rest of the boxes of tinplate are placed on the top of the first box. Drop- ping them on the flat the boxes are not damaged.