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seful es on (ar So [Jandling HECKING of special cargo, if it C is worth anything at all, must be complete. Having the mate check from the crib to stevedore’s truck and then leaving the cargo until it is trucked to the ship, is not com- plete protection. The best method is to have the mate check the cargo into the lock- er, or special cargo space if a locker is not provided. If each case is num- bered, loading can be handled with- out delay, as the mate can check from numbers and not from marks. Large lots of special cargo which are not placed in the crib, should be piled in regular piles so that they may be quickly and_ accurately checked. The watchman should have a book in which to record these lots, and records should be compared when changing shifts. An elemental principle is that each member of an organization be told specifically what he is expected to do. Then there is no excuse for anyone not doing what he is supposed to do, and a great deal of lost motion and duplication of effort is avoided. The president of a steamship com- pany recently said: ‘‘Scientific man- agement has been tried successfully in every business except the ship- ping business.’’ There is no reason why it ‘should not be tried and worked out successfully in this busi- ness. Using Pie Plate Sling OLLS of kraft paper can be han- dled successfully by using the ‘“nie-plate’’ sling. This is a circular platform 6% feet in diameter, which is placed inside a net sling. The rolls are piled on end on the “‘pie- plate.” As the falls are tightened the net closes around the load and prevents the load from falling from the ‘‘pie-plate.’’ Rolls should be up- ended only, with protection of a bag of sawdust for the edge of the roll. Otherwise the edges are crimped and. the consignee complains. If this method is followed in handling rolls of kraft paper, damage can be practically eliminated. The McCormick Steamship Co. uses large platform slings for han- dling automobile tires. One hundred and twenty tires can be handled on FO TT TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTUTLLTTTTTUGUOnTUAAALUUUUTCAOOOOHOAUUUUICUUCOOTHOT HIS page is being devoted to short items on all matters having to do with the more efficient turn- around of ships. These items are in- tended to be of a helpful nature. We will welcome for this page brief descriptions, illustrated if possible, of any better or safer way of. perform- ing any function in cargo*handling. Also, any questions submitted will be answered by the ‘editor. ue ANUUOUAOUTYAYTTOESUATUOTOUGOD TOU TTUAN ATO EDS AEDST a sling 6 by 9 feet as compared with 35 tires on the usual sized platform sling. The lack of a sufficient number of first-class men from the executive positions down to the foreman, make it necessary to develop organization mechanisms that will offset this lack. A properly trained executive is al- ways searching for the new. The average executive is repeating the same thing over and over again and is satisfied. Efficiency of Truck Tires HE following test of rubber tires Te: trucks and trailers gives some interesting information on comparative merits of steel wheels and modern rubber tires: At “‘B” railroad warehouse. Tests observed by representatives of ‘‘B’’ railroad. Preliminary data: Test made by Chatillon dynomometer on _ four wheel warehouse truck 3 x 6 feet, weighing 360 pounds empty. Pay- load 1540 pounds. Total weight 1900 pounds. Steel wheels ¥Yersus rubber tired wheels. Tires—Goodyear special compound and special wheels. Tire sizes, front 10 x 2% inches; rear 18 x 3 inches. Draw Bar Pull Steel wheels Goodyear tires Start Maint’n Start Maint’n Floor Condition Lbs. Lbs. Lbs. Lbs, Across wood block Fairly smooth 651 38 25 18 2nd sec. wood block Fairly smooth 82 27 26 20 8rd see. wood block Fairly smooth 50 30 40 25 Wood block Dennison 56 45 , 42 27 Matched maple Fair 37 32 28 24 Over wood....Sliver 150 ate 130 Uae TO CASEOL cicscaccessosess 95 Sige 70 MARINE REview—April, 1932 All the above results are averages of three or more tests. In every in- stance rubber tired wheels show great superiority over trucks fitted with steel wheels. A well known stevedore states that the most important thing of all: is the personnel. His men like him: and therefore he gets good results. Labor difficulties are frequently the result of mismanagement. The most discouraging fact about the cargo handling problem—and at the same time the most encouraging —is that the job is never finished. No matter how thoroughly manage- ment keeps after the problem, there are always improvements to be made in the general or specific handling layout and perhaps smaller changes to be made at various points. Belt Conveyor Used - EW YORK & CUBA MAIL N STEAMSHIP CoO. uses a flat belt conveyor for discharging cargo of 100 pound bags of refined sugar from hatch coaming on lower tween deck, across skid to the wharf. This con- veyor mounted on swivel casters is easily handled by two men for move- ment about the dock and across the skid that spans_ breasting-off of vessel. The capacity is from 1500 to 2000 pieces per hour. Large platform slings holding about seventy pneumatic tires have been found’ to handle this class of cargo faster than rope slings. One steamship line spends $12,- 000 a year for renewals and repairs of hatch covers. This will be re- duced to about $2000 yearly when ships are fitted with hatch covers of an improved design. Some executives have never sys- tematically learned to think clearly. A trained executive overhauls his mind thoroughly to clear out preju- dices and false impressions and get at the facts on which to found sound judgments. Car wheels stowed with dunnage between each layer carry well. The dunnage keeps the wheels from slid- ing about. 59