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ergized at all times either from the main generators, the storage bat- tery or the emergency generator. To show the direction of rotation and the revolutions per minute of each shaft, a shaft revolution in- dicator system is provided with in- dicators on the bridge and in the engine room. Another aid to navi- gation is a rudder end indicator fit- ted on the bridge for indicating the position of the rudder. A radio direction finder is installed for assisting in the navigation of the ship, and this is operated in con- nection with the radio apparatus, and for accuracy of reading is also pro- vided with a gyro repeater compass. There is also a fathometer, elec- tric depth sounding apparatus, for sounding from 8 to 130 fathoms, and in addition, a motor-driven electric sounding machine. Watertight Door Equipment In certain locations on the ship, it is necessary to provide openings through watertight bulkheads, as for example, between the engine and fire rooms. To insure the safety of the ship in case of accident, these open- ings, eight in number, are fitted with power-operated watertight doors. These doors can be closed from the wheel house or operated locally, and are so arranged that when closed from the wheel house, they can be opened locally by a lever on the door control valves—the door remaining open as long as the lever is held in the ‘“‘open”’ position, but will re- close automatically when the lever is released by a person passing through the door. By this means, a person trapped in a compartment may, after the doors have closed, es- cape and yet the compartment will be again sealed automatically after his escape. Although all doors* may be closed from the wheel house, they can only be opened from the local stations. To indicate at the wheel house whether a door is open or closed, an electric panel is provided show- ing the condition of every door. The doors are operated hydraulically from an accumulator to which liquid is supplied at an appropriate pres- sure by one of a pair of pumps, par- ticularly designed for this service, and the accumulator is of such size that onee charged, the doors may be opened and closed a number of times, even if the supply pumps fail to function. Among the various safety features on the ship, the hydraulic bilge valve control system is of particular in- terest. For emergency bilge pump- ing, there is provided in the engine room a self-priming submersible mo- tor-driven bilge pump, which is en- ergized from the emergency genera- tor switchboard on the boat deck. In every lower compartment of 5. 9. Santa Rosa SS. Santa hose S. 5. Santa Rosa MARINE REviEw—December, 1932 Bridge Promenade Deck