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Marine keview FOUNDED 1878 SHIP OPERATION ; Volume 63 Technical Contributions to The Shipping Industry F WE are to achieve success in maritime | affairs we must appreciate the value not only of practical skill in building and operating ships, but also of the fundamental and under- lying efforts of those who by research, investi- gation and analysis make possible more effi- cient design and operation of vessels and other appliances serving as the tools of shipping. In the papers presented at the recent annual meet- ing of the Society of Naval Architects and Ma- rine Engineers in New York, there is ample evidence that much valuable work along this line is underway in the United States. Several of the papers are of highly technical nature and at first glance seem rather remote in practical application. For instance the paper on theory of elasticity may not seem to be of any immediate practical use, but its value is ap- parent when we consider that by work of this kind it may be possible to save weight because of a more definte evaluation of stresses and strains. Others are directly applicable to design and operation, such for instance as the compre- hensive and authoritative discusion of fire con- trol for passenger vessels which represents the labor over years in studying the causes of fires and much experimentation in the development of materials and design for prevention. Though the shipowner may differ with some of the conclusions advanced in the paper on cargo handling and stowage, he will be impelled to consider his own operations with a more critical attitude with the view of improvement. By thus stimulating active interest, much good will result. The results published on the actual preform- ance of the MANHATTAN, during a year in serv- ice, will appeal directly to shipowners. Thata great ship like the MANHATTAN, with an oper- ating displacement of nearly 30,000 tons, can SHIPBUILDING . December, 1933 CARGO HANDLING Number 12 maintain throughout 13 round trips across the Atlantic, in a year’s service, an average speed of well over 20 knots on an average fuel con- sumption of under 225 tons of oil fuel per 24 hours, is something of very definite interest to shipowners. The performance of this ship as given in the paper will receive the most careful study when specifications are under considera- tion for vessels in the same or similar services. What power should be used for cargo ships in the light of present day technical develop- ment and experience? Should steam or diesel be used? There will be no universal agree- ment. But the shipowner will undoubtedly be - led by the paper presented on this subject, to a more careful scrutiny of all the factors in- volved. He will not necessarily agree with the author’s conclusions but he will want to estab- lish the facts bearing on this problem. The value of the work done at the United States experimental model basin can hardly be overestimated. By publishing the results of full scale trials on a destroyer, valuable knowl- edge has been developed in more accurately pre- dicting, from model experiments, what the re- sults for the full sized ship will be. Naval archi- tecture is far from an exact science but the work done at the model basin throughout the years, beginning with the fundamental experi- ments carried on by Admiral Taylor, have done much to remove the uncertainty of arriving at desired results. The knowledge of water conditioning of marine boilers has been measurably advanced by the paper on this subject and also by the discussions it provoked. An illustrated descrip- tion of the launching of the NORMANDIE, the great French superliner, of 1027 feet in length overall with a total launching weight of 28,100 tons, is a contribution of outstanding interest to the profession of naval architecture. That this paper should be presented before the American society is still another indication that there are no national boundaries in the progress of science. MARINE REVIEW—December, 1933 9