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seful [int = — ; SS SSW ——-~ ye —.. ” “ guish clear-mindedly between that which is of a high degree of accu- racy, near-facts and sheer estimates and guesswork; in other words, to discriminate between kinds and char- acter of fact and degrees of accuracy. Untrained minds often have preju- dices against facts and figures for the sole reason that they have used them unintelligently and with indiscrimi- nate faith. Natural laziness of mind tends to make people accept facts and figures, especially when they look im- posing and accurate, regarding them as infallible and exact. Human na- ture is constantly seeking a rule-of- thumb in place of original thinking, and often looks for statistics to back up preconceived ideas. The «bove is reprinted from an article by J. George Frederick in Business Research and Statistics. Te important thing is to distin- Discharging Newsprint HE newsprint paper is stowed on T end in the ship. The _ rolls are handled from the hold. by being placed on two-wheel hand- trucks having rubber pads over the parts on which the rolls rest, so that the paper will not be damaged, The loaded trucks are run onto the hatch elevators which raise the loaded trucks to the ’tweendeck. From the *tweendeck the rolls are trucked through the sideport:to the pier. A short distance from the gangplank, which connects the sideport with the pier, the rolls are unloaded from the hand trucks to four-wheel caster- type trailers for the comparatively long haul down to the delivery plat- form at the head of the dock. The transfer of the rolls from hand trucks to trailers is made with the aid of a platform 2 foot x 3 feet square by 12 inches high. The plat- form is level with the frame of the hand truck and approximately level with the floor of the trailer. On one side the platform is cut away so that the trailer can be pushed close against the platform, the recess tak- ing care of the coupler. An exten- sion of the bottom of the platform serves to hold the trailer in place when the rolls of paper are rolled from the hand truck across the plat- form onto the trailer. The platform is covered with pro- tecting strips of rubber and canvas to prevent damage to the paper. The 38 feet by 6 feet trailers used will carry two 1800-pound rolls of paper. Two loaded trailers are TUTTO TTT TUTTE OCCU MAT CEL CU COA COT CHT CCT UT) HIS page is being devoted to short items on all matters having to do with the more efficient turn- around of ships. These items are in- tended to be of a helpful nature. We will welcome for this page brief descriptions, illustrated if possible, of any better or safer way of perform: ing any function in cargo handling. Also, any questions submitted will be answered by the editor. SUT UTTTTUTTTLILM UTUILLLLLALUUCER LOCOCO LEGA LCGOA LUGO CUE LLUOOO hauled to the delivering platform. Since the platform is higher than the floor of the trailer, a ramp is pro- vided fer unloading the paper. A device similar to that used in load- ing the trailers is used to hold the trailer in position. The floor of a platform is kept in good condition ,to prevent damage to the paper. It is necessary to re- drive the spikes into the floor planks because they work loose by the con- stant pounding of the heavy rolls of paper. At this platform, the rolls of paper are loaded onto the consignee’s truck. Safe Method of Handling HE Anna Maersk protects men Ta cargo from hatch strongbacks which may be unshipped by a sling- load of cargo by a simple device which is bolted to the strongback and engages the top of the hatch coam- ings and the underside of the bulb- angle with a clamp. Another line accomplishes’ the same purpose by providing a %-inch chain, to which is fitted a steel clamp which engages the underside of the hatch coaming. The clamp is held securely in position by means of a set of screws made hand tight. The chain is then passed through the lightening hole in the strongback and loosely tied. This arrangement holds the strongback secure even when struck hard by a slingload of cargo. Duties of Resident Manager HE duties of a resident manager (oe a steamship line may be sum- marized as follows: 1. To supervise and inspect load- ing, discharging and handling of in and outgoing cargoes. 2. To make personal investigation MARINE REVIEw—August, 1934 s on (argo [Jand ling of claims, trace their origin and cause, and establish responsibility. 3. Investigate all charges made for service such as, stevedoring, dock- age, towboats, ete., and supervise re- pairs to vessels and the purchasing of supplies. 4. Keep home office informed of all legislation, mew rules, and changes of rules that can in any way affect the company’s policies, costs and revenue. 5. Keep home office informed of all new technical development in de- sign of hull and engines and methods of handling and care of cargoes. 6. Work for close harmony and friendly relations between agencies and the home office. 7. Develop traffic througi elimi- nation of claims and improved hand- ling of freight, and by establishing personal contact with shippers and assisting them in solving their prob- lems. Advice to Longshoremen ILLIONS of dollars and many human lives are destroyed each year by fire. Each fire starts from a very small source. Do not smoke on the dock or the ship. A carelessly thrown match or lighted cigarette may cost not only your job hut also your life. Dull hooks are worse than no hook at all. Give the kids a file and let them put a point on your hook. They will enjoy doing it and it may save someone from a serious accident. Sharpen hook with a smooth-cut file. Never grind with emery wheel, as this draws temper out of metal. File toward point of hook. File only in- side of hook. Piling cargo or making up drafts carefully, takes no more time than doing it carelessly. If not done properly, the pile may fall or the draft may collapse, resulting in some one being hurt. Always remember if the pile fell or the draft collapsed when you could have prevented it, you are morally responsible for the injury or death of the man hurt or killed. Some lines have found spruce lum- ber very good for hatch covers. In some cases the ends are strength- ened by a steel band 4 inches wide which encircles each end. Certain American lines prefer single hatch boards to double hatch boards claim- ing that the latter do not last as long and that they are too heavy for the men to handle. 31