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gust, since when, she has been sailing and tuning up, preparatory for the great yachting supremacy event of the year. As soon as the challenge was re- ceived on this side, an order was placed with W. S. Burgess, designer of the ENTERPRISE, for the design of a proposed new defender, and the con- struction having been placed in the hands of the Herreshoff Mfg. Co., Bris- tol, R. I., the RAINBOW was delivered to her owners early in May. From then till the end of August a series of eliminating trial races were earried out, with a view to selecting a suitable cup defender; the contesting yachts being WEETAMOE, YANKEE and Rartnpow. This proved to be a more difficult undertaking than had been expected, as both WrETAMOE and YAN- KEE, altered and improved since their 1930 sailing careers, showed unusual improvement in their sailing ability, especially the latter. The comparative measurements of the above three yachts, also the suc- cessful 1930 cup defender ENTERPRISE and the 1934 cup challenger ENDEAVOUR are given in the accompanying table. A series of preliminary trials were run, starting in June, in which YAN- KEE consistently proved to be the fast- er boat, and the odds were greatly in her favor, up to the start of the final trials which were carried out between Aug. 22 and Aug. 31. Hight races were run, between WEETAMOE, YANKEE and RAINBOW, and as sometimes happens in horse racing where a favorite drops behind and a less likely contestant comes up from the rear, the RAINBOW sailed by Harold S. Vanderbilt, won six firsts and one second, out of eight races; one race being abandoned due to the breaking of a strut on the YAN- KEE’S mast. The RAINBOW was there- fore selected as the official cup de- fender. Both ENDEAVOUR and RAINBOW are constructed of metal; the former of all steel construction, and the latter of bronze below the waterline and steel above. The FnpEAVOUR is 3 feet 3 inches. longer in the waterline than the last defender, ENTERPRISE, 2 feet 3 inches longer than the last challenger, SHAM- ROCK V, and 1 foot 3 inches longer than the new defender RAINBow. It is evi- dent, therefore, that the ENDEAVOUR is somewhat larger than the RAINBow, and both are fitted with centerboards. The striking feature about ENDEAVOUR is her beautiful form, and it is appar- ent that her designer was relying sole- ly on her form, finish and handling to successfully contest the cup. During the season’s racing RAINBOW has been undergoing many experimental changes in rig. She has abandoned the heavy triangular boom with trans: verse runners, which was so freely commented upon in the ENTERPRISE’S 1930 race with SHAmROCK V, and is now fitted with a flexible boom similar to that formerly tried and discarded by the British “J” class yachts. RAINBOW American Defender ENDEAVOUR’S steel mast is about 3 feet longer than RAINBOW’S, and is 22 inches in diameter, against RAINBOW’s 30 inches fore and aft dimension. This provides a distinct difference in the appearance of the two yachts when looked at side on. The ENDEAVOUR’S spreaders are of chrome nickel steel, and her shrouds of thin steel rods. From this, it can be realized that the ENDEAVOUR is away ahead of SHAM- RocK V in up-to-date equipment, if in- deed, she is not also a step or two ahead of RAINBOW in that respect. EN- DEAVOUR, too, is far ahead of her pred- ecessor in the matter of deck winches, having geared winches for speedy han- dling of the main running rigging. Comparative Measurements Length Breadth Draft Name O-A; W.L. feeeindts. Ine ait am 7 iti cre Rainbow.... 1267 82 0O 20 11 14 11 Endeavour... 129 8% 83 3 22 O 14 10% Enterprise... 1209 80 0 21 10 14 6 Weetamoe... 1259 85 0 20 3 15 4 Yankee..... 126-0. -83~ 9:22 46 V5.0 MARINE REVIEwW—October, 1934 As pointed out in the previous ar- ticle, the conditions of the race are now such as to eliminate as far as pos- sible, any constructional advantage of the one yacht over the other. The strength and weights are similar; the cabin deck must be supplied with cab- ins and fittings of a weight of not less than seven short tons, or the deficit must be compensated for; each yacht must carry an anchor of not less than 490 pounds, and a 2%-inch diameter manila cable of not less than 50 fath- oms length, or equivalent. Then the mast must weigh not less than 5500 pounds and have its center of gravity at least 42 per cent of its total height above the base, and a minimum diam- eter at the center of gravity of 18 inches. This eliminates competition in lightly constructed masts. These rules automatically eliminate the rac- ing machine, and insures a race be- tween wholesome, rugged, everyday yachts of good sea-going qualities. No running gear will be led below deck, as in the last defender, which will necessitate the majority of the crew being on deck. LG