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Ti = Terminal |i ime Reduced to Minimum i Practical Ways to Cut HH F sn in Carqo agence Si ay Conducted by H.E.STOCKER a Ga By General Cargo Line on Lakes Co. operates a fleet of six steel ships known as the poker fleet, between Buffalo, Detroit and Duluth, Minn., offering a four day service be- tween Duluth and Buffalo. The ships are named the Acr, Kine, QUEEN, Jack, TrN and NINE and are of 1615 tons net, with the exception of the Nive which has a net tonnage of 2015 tons. Included in this total tonnage are two refrigerator spaces, one of 250 tons capacity which is known as the “sharp freezing unit’’ where perishable goods are kept at a temperature of zero degrees, and the other of 500 tons capacity known as the ‘‘cooler unit’’ where products are kept at a temperature of 36 degrees. These refrigerator units are situ- ated ‘tween decks while the lower Te. Minnesota Atlantic Transit By C. L, Brune hold is used for the loading of the bulkier cargo such as flour. Decks for Automobiles The deck space on these ships is for the loading of automobiles which are picked up at Detroit on the run down from Duluth. The Nine is of the usual lake type construction and is used exclusively for the transportation of automobiles, not only on her decks but in her hold. The other five ships, of the shipping board Lake type, carry automobiles on the fore and after decks, but may also stow a few in the ‘tween deck space if necessary. In the summer the autos on the deck are secured by putting them in gear and setting the brakes, while in the fall, the wheels are also blocked with dunnage ® Unloading tracks: at™ the dock of the Minnesota At- lantic Transit Co. at Buffalo Terminal ® MARINE REVIEW—October, 1935 to prevent damage in heavy weather. On the five shipping board built ships, there are eight hatches be- tween the ‘tween deck and the lower hold. These hatches are located one on each side of the four side ports. The lower hold and ‘tween deck space is practically all filled at Duluth, and only the autos and a few odds and ends are picked up at De- troit, which is the only port of call on the way down the lakes. On the up- bound trip the ships are loaded at Buffalo, practically to their full capacity. At Buffalo, where the operation of loading and unloading the ships was observed by the author, hand trucks and skid racks or trays are used en- tirely, while at Duluth there is in ad- dition to the hand trucks, some mechanical equipment. Care in Storage The dock facilities at Buffalo con- sist of two units. The inner or shore end of the dock consists of a storage unit. Here the dock is six stories in height. Included in this area are six “‘sharp freezer’ units where the temperature is kept at zero. Here poultry, butter, and canned eggs are stored. These units may also be cooled down to a temperature of 15 degrees below zero for the storage of powdered milk. There are in ad- dition, 13 ‘‘cooling units’? where the temperature is kept at 30 degrees for the storage of cheese, eggs in the