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nature’”* differc..° tion bes and one * ordinary ¢ Server wouldn’t believe they were of the same family. The whiteish from the Lake of the Woods is black alongside the silver-sided denizen of Lake Erie. Those from Lake Winnipeg have a reddish tint. expert the locality in which it was caught. Lake Huron and Lake Superior. in Lake Erie, and there are none in the large Canadian lakes. A large supply of yellow pike and pickerel is caught in the Canadian lakes. while blue pike is mot found outside of Lakes Erie and Ontario. Lake Erie contains the larger supply. of fish made in Lake Erie about Buffalo are of blue pike. The herring in Lake Erie are the standard of quality for all the other lakes, and aie finer and. better than any others. the only kind of herring that closely resembles the whitefish. Its weight has increased lately, many of two pounds being caught. By the eye the large hérring can scarcely be distinguished from the ordinary whitefish, but the flavor, of course, is not the same. bullhead. tario, although local fishermen sometimes add a little to it. The supply of eels also comes from Lake Ontario. never get into Lake Erie unless they lock themselves through the Welland canal. from the sea, and Niagara falls bars their passage into the upper lakes. Boatmen cften report seeing millions of one and two-inch eels struggling up the swift waters of the St. Lawrence river on their way into Lake Ontario. limited. them. mer nowadays. 1903. ] FISHING INDUSTRY OF THE GREAT LAKES. The great *staples of the commercial fishing industry are whitefish, pike, herring, sturgeon and lake trout. They form the biggest catches and are always saleable. The chief source of supply of one or another of these staples is the great lakes and the lakes of the Canadian northwest. Lake Erie is one of th- best fresh water fish producing bodies in the hands of the~ dustry. One authority states that it produces nearly much tonnage of fish a vear as all the other great lakewer. That is not because there, wre more fish in Lake F put because it is. -. One of the most desirable €-oen from the waters of the great "3%, 5: ¢ 4d Lake Erie whitefish is the stand- ard £v isl@kes is the whitefisry quality of fish depends upon the $. i , : 2 ame coiand ‘shape. If a whitefish from Lake Erie t from.«ake of the Woods were placed together, the A glance at a whitefish will reveal to an ) Vy But while the best whitefish come from Lake Erie, the main source of supply is from the Canadian lakes, Most of the supply of lake .. 1s found in Georgian bay, There are practically no trout Yellow pike is not abundant in Lake Erie, Many of the large catches It is said to be The development of the sturgeon as a great article of com- merce is one of_the most interesting stories connected with the fish industry. 5 ©» years ago sturgeon sold for 25 cents apiece. One female sfi®Sfeon sold for $28 the other dav. The value placed on the sturgeon for its eggs is familiar to all, but the flesh now, too, sells up with that of other staple fish. cents a pound fresh, while the smoked article sells at a much higher . price. best fish delicacies on the market, and almost all of that caught is prepared in that way. cents a pound to the fisherman. bladder sells for $1 a pound, and is used for isinglass. © It brings 10 Smoked sturgeon is now considered one of the The eggs of the sturgeon bring 50 They are made into caviar. The A fish regarded as a staple all over New York state is the ‘The chief commercial supply comes from Lake On- It is said that eels They are a migratory fish that come originally It is said the eels are always propagated in salt water. While the eel, from its shape, is repugnant to many people, the demand for them is greater than the supply. The much despised carp occupies a place on wholesalers’ lists, but Americans haven’t been educated up to its use as an article of food to any extent. from Germany by some well-meaning persons, but their propaga- tion in the waters of the great lakes has proved a misfortune. They devour large quantities of the spawn of other and more valuable fish. scarce, they command a fair price. is still considered a delicacy. One fish merchant says that carp These fat, slimy fish were imported At certain times of the year, when other fish are In some places abroad carp were designed by nature to supply the wants of a people where water is scarce, for they can live in mud holes. Farmers in Germany raise them in very small ponds. The black bass supply is very limited, especially on account of the Canadian laws, which prohibit their exportation from that country. Black bass bring from 16 to 18 cents a pound at re- tail, and the man who gets them at that price considers himself lucky. Fish retailers usually save black bass for their very best customers. Some black bass are caught in Lake Erie. The brook trout supply of New York comes principally from within its own borders, it is not a large supply and the fish retail at from 50 to 60 cents a pound. Canadian laws prohibit their exportation from that country, and the laws of surrounding states are also stringent. Catches of muscallonge are picked up here and there, but they are included among the game fish, and their supply is Closed seasons and stringent exportation laws protect Fresh fish is supplied all over the country winter and sum- In the summer time refrigerator cars take it to points remote from the fresh water lakes. In winter time -and carried to Quebec for shipment to Europe. MARINE REVIEW AND MARIE RECORD. 25 when tlakes are covered with ice, the cold storage warehouses open ir doors and send out fish that was caught in the sum- manonths. Fishing through the ice also produces a small ply of fresh-caught fish in the winter time. ‘This supply is «creasing for winter fishing is now getting to be quite an in- dustry on the lakes of the Canadian northwest, as well as on the great lakes. _ MORE STEAMERS FOR CANADIAN LAKE TRADE. The Canada Lake & Ocean Navigation Co., in which Mac- kenzie, Mann & Co. are largely interested, which operated the © four turret type steamers on the upper lakes in 1902, has pur-_ chased three additional steamers, which will be placed in service at the opening of navigation next spring. The steamers will be operated from Port s.rthur to Depot Harbor and other ports and will handle grain from the Canadian Northern Railway. At Depot Harbor the grain will be transhipped to the Canadian ~ Atlantic Railway and carried to Hawkesbury, Ont., where it will be handed over to the Great Northern of Canada, in which Mac- kenzie, Mann & Vo. have just purchased a controlling interest, At Quebec Mackenzie, Mann & Co. will have choice of two routes to Europe, the first with the Leyland line ‘of the International Mercantile — Marine Co. of New York, with which the Great Northern Rail- ~ way has a contract. The second line will be the three freight steamers recently purchased by W. F. Petersen of the Canada Lakes & Ocean Navigation Co. ‘These steamers are to be em- ployed in carrying steel rails from Antwerp and Rotterdam to Montreal and Quebec for Mackenzie, Mann & Co., and will be provided with return cargoes of grain. APPOINTMENTS OF MASTERS AND ENGINEERS. Canadian Pacific Railway Co., Owen Sound, Ont.: Steam- ers—Manitoba, Capt. FE. B. Anderson, Engineer W. Lewis; Athabasca, Capt. Geo. McDougall, Engineer W. Lockerbie; Al- berta, Capt. Jas. McAllister, Engineer A. Cameron. Dunkley-Williams Co., S. Haven, Mich.: Steamers—City of Kalamazoo, Capt. B. A. Cross, Engineer C. H. Wilcox; H. W. Williams, Capt. F. W. Swails, Engineer R. Peterson; City of South Haven, Capt. J. M. Mitchell, Engineer C. LaBounty. Lake Michigan & Lake Superior Trans. Co., Chicago: Steam- ers—Peerless, Capt. H. C. Page, Engineer John R. Bennett; City of Traverse, Capt. —, Engineer Edward Meeh; Jay Gould, Capt. Chas. Wilson, Engineer Henry Chalk; Osceola, Capt. Jos. White, Engineer J. M. Oag. McBrier, James, Erie, Pa.: Steamers—Nyanza, Capt. C. H. Wilson, Jr., Engineer W. J. McDonald; Sevona, Capt. D. S. McDonald, Engineer Geo. FE. Averill. Manitou Steamship Co., N. F. Leopold, Pres’t., Chicago: Steamer—Manitou, Capt. Allan McIntyre, Engineer Roy L. Peck Northwestern ‘Transportation Co., L. C. Waldo, Mgr., De- — troit: Steamers—Harvey H. Brown, Capt. David Girardin, En- gineer L. M. Peck; Fayette Brown, Capt. Jos. A. Powell, Engi- neer Nicklas Anderson; S. R. Kirby, Capt. John F. Jones, En- gineer C. E. Collins. Schooner—Geo. E. Hartnell, Capt. C. L. Allen. Olga ‘'ransportation Co., E. G. Riesterer, Mgr., Tonawanda, N. Y.: Steamer-—John C. Pringle, Capt. Louis Young, Engi- neer Allen Becker. Schooners—Sweetheart, Capt. Philip. Hep- ner; Unadilla, Vapt. John Radigan. Richardson Trans. Co., W. C. Richardson, Mgr., Cleveland: Steamers—W. C. Richardson, Capt. Thos. Wilford, Engineer James Falconer; Roumania, Capt. Wm. Hagen, Engineer Law- rence Regan. Richardson, W. C., Mgr:, Jackson Transit Co., Cleveland: Steamer—Samuel Mitchell, Capt. John H. Babbitt, Engineer A. C. Bowen. Schooner—Chickamauga, Capt. H. W. Phillips. Richardson, W. C., Mer. Duluth & Atlantic Trans. Co., Cleveland: Steamer—Iron King, Capt. Thos. J. Brady, Engineer i Schooner—Iron ‘Queen, ‘Capt. Thos. Piz: simmons. Richardson, W. C., Cleveland: Steamers—J. H. Wade, Capt. Richard Call, Engineer John McMonagle; J. H. Devereux, Capt. Cc. C. Mason, Engineer Thos. Shannon; Iroquois, Capt. E. J. Burke, Engineer L. L. Bowen; J. H. Outhwaite, Capt. Ralph Nutting, Engineer Oscar E. Flewelling. Schooners—Crete, Capt. A. Snelgrove; Mary B. Mitchell, Capt. John McKeighan. Roby Trans. Co., L. C. Waldo, Mgr., Detroit: Steamer—L. C. Waldo, Capt. John Duddleson, Engineer N. E. Allen. Frank Seither, No. 11 Joseph st., Cleveland: Steamer-— V. H. Ketchum, Capt. M. J. Yipe, Engineer John Booth. Seither Transit Co., Frank Seither, Pres’t., No. 11 Joseph st., Cleveland: Steamer—G. J. Grammer, Capt. R. W. England, Engineer Geo. B. Milne. : West Division Steamship Co., D. Sullivan & Co. Megrs., Chicago: Steamers—Fred Pabst, Capt. D. C. Sullivan, Engi- neer J. R. Mason; W. H. Wolf, Capt. Wm. Lund, Engineer Jno. A. McCaffrey. Schooner—Armenia, Capt. M. Dennis. It is reported from Ashtabula that what is known as the Haskell dock at that place is to be entirely remodeled at a cost of about $125,000.