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ies alone, and its engineers and managers de- signed as well as provided a shop for manu- -facturing:an equipment that serves such pur- _ poses admirably and at the same time is a mod- quires the actual construction of a dynamo _by the student. _Yings which can be conveniently slipped on _ rent machine operating with four brushes. represents the machine as it is received by the students of the Institute who are pursuing the - electrical course. dent to have an equipment of electrical appar- cof Engineering, it may be said, was unable to : shown. HOME STUDY OF ELECTRICITY. > The illustrations accompanying show the dynamo . hich belongs with an equipment of electrical appara- us manufactured by the Institute for Home Study of Engineering of Cleveland, O., for its electrical students and for schools and colleges generally. One engraving shows the 250-watt dynamo completed and connected as a four-pole shunt-wound direct-cur- The other That course requires the stu- atus for demonstrating the principles, verify- ing the laws and other data, and doing inde- pendent work. “Ihe Institute for Home Study findinthe market apparatus adapted to the needs of a student pursuing his electrical stud- erate tax upon his resources. The course re- The machine is sent with all parts finished, together with the wire to wind the armature and fields. The scientific part of the work, the calculation of its electrical and magnetic proportions, the general design, etc., is done before the machine is received and he is ready to per- form the practical part, i.e., winding the fields and ar- mature and connecting the machine in the many differ- ent ways which its design renders possible. This is the only partof the dynamo construction that the electri- cian need know how to perform himself, the machine work, the building of the commutator and similar par's being done by the regular machinists and the electrical machinists. It is not necessary to know the vari- ous parts and materials erouecé gronad the dynamo. It will be noticed that there is a set screw in the head of eachcommutator bar. This is for con- veniently changing the connections of the coils. There are twenty-five changes, each one mak- ing a different machine—of course in principle chiefly, as the same armature and fields are used in them all—fifteen being asa direct cur- rent and ten as analternating current machine. For the alternating current work collector and.off the commutator are furnished. The machine does not have to be separately excited when running as an alternator, means having been provided for self-excitation. All the dy- namo work is laid out in the course, and the students’ work being under the constant super- vision of the institute’s instructors, difficulties which might prove insurmountable to one working without direction are easily overcome. The upright piecé in both illustrations is a foot rule by which the sizes of the frame are readily This is not only an experimental, but a commercial machine, -being well made throughout. 2 The combined volt and ammeter, the illustra- tion of which there was not space to admit, is for use in the experimental work, It is a new design and is employed for both direct and ‘al- ternating currents. It is being uséd in central ' station's and is giving satisfaction for all the é x work it has been put to. _ For further particulars concerning this apparatus and the work of the institute for Home Study of Engineer- ing, address the Scientific Machinist Co., Cleveland, O. KSEE ee STEAM VESSELS AND MARINE ENGINES. BY G. FOSTER HOWELL. Under the above title the publishers of the American Shipbuilder have just issued a handsome book of views and descriptions of most of the typical steamships of America, with various designs of compound, triple and quadruple expansion engines. It is printed on very fine, highly calendared paper, and includes in its illus- trations the lake steamships North West and North Land, Joseph L. Colby, C. W. Wetmore, machinery. of - the Christopher Columbus, steamyacht Wapiti and her THE MARINE RECORD. S engines, and others. A closing chapter is devoted to American sail vessels, and isalso profusely illustrated. Among the portraits of men prominently. connected with American shipping interests are Philip Hichborn, chief constructor, United States Navy; John Roach, Chester, Pa., the late great shipbuilder; William Cramp, founder of the Cramp Ship and Engine Building Co.; Chas H. Cramp, president of this company; George W. Melville, chief engineer U.S. Navy; Irving M.-Scott, DYNAMO READY FOR WINDING. president, and George W. Dickie, manager, Union Iron Works, San Francisco; Darwin Almy, inventor and builder of the Almy water tube boiler, Providence, R.I., EK. EB. Roberts, of Red Bank, N. J., inventor and builder of the Roberts safety water tube boiler; Sinclair Stuart, ship and engineer surveyor to the United States Stand- ard Classification Register; E. Platt Stratton, chief engineer surveyor to the Record of American and For- eign Shipping; William H. Webb, America’s greatest NOTES. THE total value of the exports of merchandise from the United States in 1895 was $824,896,522, as compared with $825,102,246 in 1894. During last year the ex- cess of exports over imports was $3,269,884, and in 1894 the excess was $148,789,307. Capt. HENRY GLaAss, who commanded the Texas, is highly pleased with that boat. He says that when all her defects are remedied she will be a very fine craft. As a sea boat, he declares she is excellent, and makes a splendid fighting platform. Capt. Glass has been assigned to duty in connection with the Texas pending the making of changes. During 1895 the American Line carried 16,146 cabin passengers on 50 trips; the Cunard Line on 57 trips carried 18, 856 cabin passengers; and the White Star Line made 51 trips and car- ried 14,085 cabin passeagers. The North Ger- man Lloyd Line led the list in the matter of steerage passengers. The total number of cabin passengers carried by all lines was 96,558 aud 258,560'steerage passengers on 792 trips. THE French are laying the keel-plates of a fleet of fast cruisers, to be armed with quick firing guns. The Russians are pushing for- ward the construction of a battle-ship of 13,000 tons, the Oslyabya—of three swift armored cruisers of 6,000 tons each—and of two first- class, swiftest torpedo boats, at St. Petersburg, and of more at Nikolaieff,to be ready for commission within two years. The importance of swift and well- armed cruisers for naval warfare is recognized in the French Navy, in which it has been determined that “cruisers instead of battleShips shall be placed on the stocks, because cruisers are better adapted to the condi-. tions of modern naval warfare.’’ THE gunboat Helena will be launched January 30 at works of the Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock 250-WATT EXPERIMENTAL DYNAMO. wooden shipbtilder and founder of Webb’s Academy, Fordham Heights, N. Y.; Horace See, engineer and naval architect, New York; Richard P. Joy, of Detroit, the patriot, friend and advocate of American shipping interests, and others. The work is bound in a form convenient for handling and is well suited for either library or office. rr +) The newspapers a few weeks ago announced all over the world the successful ascent of Mt. Ararat by a party of Russians. Scribner's Magazine for February contains an article by H. F. B. Lynch, describing the successful ascent which he made in 1893, with a series of graphic illustrations made from his own photographs. Itisa remarkable description of a remarkable feat. Nee Company. The event will be looked forward to with a great deal of interest. The launch- ing of the Nashville and Wilmington, sister ships of the Helena, which occurred some ; months ago, was very successfully accom- plished, and those who witnessed the event thoroughly enjoyed the generous hospitality of _the Newport News Company. The Helena is further along toward completion than either - the Nashville or Wilmington was at the time they were launched, and a shorter period there- fore will now be necessary to make nee ready for government service. THE new type British cruiser Viddietive, which will be put in hand at Chatham early in the year, will be 320 feet in length, with 57. feet beam. Her draft will be 22 feet, and her displacement 5,750 tons. She will be entirely ‘ of steel, and wood and copper sheathing will not be employed. Thecruiser will have a heavy steel deck to protect her engines, boilers, maga- zines, etc. Her engines will be of the triple- expansion type. The armament will comprise . 6-inch, 4.7 inch, and 12-pounder quick firers, besides machine guns and torpedo tubes. The 6-inch guns will fire fore and aft, while the’4.7- inch and 12-pounder guns will be on each — broadside. The speed of the cruiser under nat- ural draft is expected to be 18.5 knots, with a’ possible additional knot by means of forced ' draft. Soe — HARPER’S MAGAZINE. The February Harper’s will be in the best sense popular. Stephen Bonsal will describe ‘“‘The New: Baltimore’’ with the aid of eighteen illustrations; Caspar W. Whitney will relate some exciting experiences in his pursuit of the Musk-Ox in Northern British America, and Henry Loomis Nelson will discuss ‘“The Passing of the Fur Seal,’ and find a cause in the failure of Great Britain to support the findings of the Paris Tribunal. ‘There will be capital short stories, and the military spirit will be satisfied with Poultney Bigelow’s stirring description of ‘‘The German Struggle for Liberty” against Napoleon and the Prussian King; Theodore Roosevelt’s narrative of St. Clair’s disastrous expedi- tion: against the Miami Indians a century ago; and the story of the capture of the Maid of Orleans, by the Eng- lish, toldin ‘‘Personal Recollections of.Joan of Arc.’