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THE MARINE RECORD. LIGHTS AND FOG-SIGNALS. ~The Canadian Department of Marine and Fisheries print the following cautionary notices: The intrinsic power of a light should always be consid- A weak ered when expecting to make it in thick weather. As lights of this class are all catoptric they are liable to variations in intensity during the continuance of the flash as the position of the reflectors changes.) Gp. Rey. Group Revolving. Showing groups of two or more flashes in succession produced by revolving catoptric U. S. REVENUE CUTTER GRESHAM. Built by the Globe Iron Works Company, Cleveland, O. for service on the Great Lakes. Length over all, 205 feet 6inches; beam, 32 feet; depth, 17 feet; speed, 22 miles per hour.—From Beeson’s 1897 Marine Directory. _ light is easily obscured by haze, and no dependence can be a placed on its being seen. Colored lights are also inferior in power to bright or white lights, and are more quickly lost under unfavorable circumstances. In some conditions of the atmosphere, white lights may have a reddish hue. The mariner should not trust solely to color where there are sectors, but verify the position by taking a bearing of the light. In either side of the line of demarcation, between white and red, and also between white and green, there is always a small arc of uncertain color. With Respect to Fog-Signals.—Having in view the vary- ing distances at which a fog-signal can be heard at sea, and the frequent occurrence of fog near to, but not ob- servable from, a fog-signal station— Mariners are cautioned that, whilst they are entitled to assume that every endeavor will be made to start fog- signals as soon as possible after signs of fog have been observed, they should not, when approaching the land in a fog, rely implicitly upon these fog-signals, but should always use the lead, which, in nearly all cases, will give sufficient warning. ; _ Mariners are strongly cautioned that they must not judge their distance from a fog-signal by the power of the sound. Under certain conditions of the atmosphere the sound may be lost at a very short distance from the station, and these conditions may vary at the same station within very short intervals of time. The expression “foggy weather” means that the state of the atmosphere is such as to make objects indistinct. The following abbreviations are used in describing lights: F. Fixed. A continuous steady light. In catoptric lights the intensity may vary, depending on the position of _ the mariner with reference to the axis of the reflectors. FI. Flashing. Showing single flashes. Gp. Fl. Group Flashing. Showing groups of two or more flashes in succession (not necessarily of the same Pi color) separated by eclipses, followed by a longer eclipse. -F. & L. Fixed and Flashing. Fixed light, varied by single white or colored flashes, which may be preceded and followed by short eclipses. Rev. Revolving. Light gradually increasing to full ef- fect, then decreasing to eclipse. (At short distance and in clear weather a faint continuous light may be observed. apparatus, separated by eclipse, followed by a longer eclipse. Occ. Occulting. A steady light suddenly and totally eclipsed. : Alt. Alternating. Red and white light alternately at equal intervals. was suspended for the winter last fall. This is the first sur- vey that the Canadian governmént has ever made of Lake Erie, the former reports having been issued from old army drawings made in the early part of the present century. These maps were always very inaccurate,, as: they showed points of land which have been, since the survey was com- pleted, entirely washed,away by the action of the water. The work now in progress will take some years to com- plete. ee or or STEAM YACHT ‘‘HIAWATHA.”’ The handsome steam yacht “Hiawatha,” built last year for Mr. Charles Fleischman, of Cincinnati, and member of the New York, Atlantic, Larchmont and other yacht clubs, was not found to be large enough for his require- ments, so he determined to go back to the same builders and obtain just what the experience of last summer’s cruis- ing had shown him that he needed. This new steam yacht for Mr. Fleischmann was built by the consolidated firms of © the Gas Engine & Power Co., and Charles L. Seabury & Co., at Morris Heights, and will be ready for her owner by: June ist. The new “Hiawatha” is of steel, and a model of comfort, luxury and elegance. No device imaginable to make life aboard not only safe, but enjoyable, has been omitted in her design. Every detail has been carefully studied, and as a result, something like the perfection of modern marine architecture has been produced. The “Hiawatha” is 170 feet over all, 138 feet on the water line, 21 feet beam and 8 feet draught. She has ac- commodations for quite a large party, there being forward of the machinery two large state rooms for guests which are reached by the stairway from the deck. These are finished in white and gold, as, in fact are all the state rooms, and provided with full-sized brass bedsteads, dress- ing cases and toilet conveniences. The yacht is steam heated throughout and lighted by electricity. She is fitted with a steam capstan, and will carty four boats, all lapstreak, one a 25-foot naphtha launch, one 20-foot gig, a 16-foot cutter, all mahogany finished, and a 12-foot dinghey, with oak finish, for use as a working boat in carrying supplies, etc. The decks are of white pine and the bulwarks capped with polished teak. The yacht is to be schooner rigged. The machinery consists of a Seabury safety water-tube boiler and triple-expansion engines, developing about one thousand horse-power. A speed of 18 miles per hour is guaranteed. NEW STEAM YACHT “‘HIAWATHA.’’ 170 feet long. Built by the Gas Engine and Power Company, and Charles I,. Seabury & Company, Morris Heights, N. J. The time given for a revolving or flash light is from the beginning of one flash to the beginning of the next. i oe ore The Canadian steamer Bayfields arrived at Rondeau, Sat- urday morning, to commence the work of survey which This yacht was launched April 17, 1897, about 10 p. m. A large party witnessed the launching. The yards and yacht were beautifully illuminated with electric lights, Japanese lanters, etc. Capt. Smith is in charge and Chief Engineer Thompson will attend to the machinery.