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42 THE MARINE RECORD. ——— Qhicago Pautical Schoo 1513 Masonic Temple, CHICAGO. A W. J. WILSON, t (Late Lieutenant U. S. Navy), : Principal. ‘ A full aud complete course of instruction i in Jake and ocean navigation. Also special ‘ branches taught those desiring to qualify themselves for better positions in the marine service. $200 in prizes (Great Lakes Regis- _ ter) awarded annually to students. Students taught by correspondence. Students may begin at any time. Send for circular. ¥ Controlled by nights without atten- tion, and can be seen a distance of six miles. Pintsch Gas Lighted Buoys. Adopted by the English, German, French, Russian, Italian, and United States Light-House Departments for channel and harbor lighting. Over 800 gas buoys and gas beacons in service. Capt. Samuel W. Gould, 265 MARCY AVE., CLEVELAND. BJ Burn Gives instructions in Ocean Continuously Navigation and prepares_ candidates for the examina- from 80 to 365 days and ‘tions for Master and Pilots’ se Licenses, before the Local Steamboat Inspectors. ss — TAKE — Wade Park or Payne Ave. Car. THE SAFETY CAR HEATING | AND LIGHTING Co, 160 Broadway, New York City. a ICE-BREAKING STEAMERS. CONTINUED FROM PAGE 9. drawing, and on the other the number of tons which the ship displaces at that draught. The total displacement of the Ermack is 8,090 tons; indicated horse-power of the en- gines, of which there is a set of the triple-expansion type to each propeller, 12,000, giving a maximum speed, it is under- stood, of 16% knots. The results of the steam trials showed ej that the s;:eed with 8,000 I. H. P. was nearly 15% knots. oe Experience with the Sampo and Ermack has shown that pack ice of practically any thickness can be negotiated, and in the case of the latter vessel, she on one occasion encoun- tered a pack which was measured and found to be of a total thickness of 34 feet, nine feet being above the level of the field, and through which she successfully forced her way, a _ feat which would have been quite impossible but for the action of the forward propeller. The Ermack has broken - composed ice of 8 feet 3 inches in thickness, and she has gone through field ice of about 4o inches, with 6 inches of snow upon it, at a speed of 2.5 to 3 knots; moreover, she has been driven at a speed of abot ‘10 knots through clear ice of _ 24 inches, while ice under 18 inches has little effect upon her. Itis found that snow has a wonderful retarding in- - fluence upon an ice breaker, miuch more so than a similar _ thickness of solid ice. 2° Her manceuyering powers.are remarkable, seeing that with her helm only she can turn in a circle of only twice her own length; and her handiness was specially shown when _ she entered the frozen-up port of Cronstadt on March 16 last, proceeding without stopping through an entrance only 95 - feet wide, and berthing hersel. alongside the quay without assistance, whereas under ordinary circumstances of naviga- tion in open water steamers are in the habit of invariably being assisted by tugboats. Her practical utility was not long in being put to the test. Immediately on her arrival urgent word was received from Reval that a number of steamers were in great jeopardy. She at once proceeded there and was the means of liberating 33 steamers, of an aggregate value of $7,500,000. She sub- sequently returned to Cronstadt and St. Petersburg, and was instrumental in relieving. and facilitating the entry of some forty more steamers several weeks earlier than if they had waited the ordinary opening of navigation. The above “performance isa very conclusive proof of the commercial value of stich a vessel. As a factor in naval operations it is not difficult to esti- ‘mate the possibilities of a vessel like the Ermack. It looks as if the Russian fleet can no longer be considered as ice ‘bound when wintering in the Baltic ports of Vladivostock— a fact of very considerable importance in the event of Russia finding herself engaged in a naval war. Morover, the vessel itself would be distinctly formidable asa ship of war. As -a ram she would be a deadly weapon of offense, if she once got her blow home, especially on aship with a low freeboard, _ for she would bear her down by her overwhelming weight until she filled and sank, while the Ermack herself would be invulnerable as long as her engines and boilers, which are excellently protected, were intact. Itis stated in a recent report (Sept. 23, 1899) that the -“Ermack has just finished a two weeks’ trip to the north- west of Spitzbergen. She passed through about 200 miles of ice, and its thickness is estimated at about 14 feet. The ship yerformed the task without injury.” According to latest advices (Oct. f9, 1899) the Ermack is shortly to take up a more important work than ever. This is to keep navigation open during the coming winter, not only between St. Petersburg and Cronstadt, a distance of 20 miles, but also as far as Reval and Libau on the Baltic. If the Ermack succeeds in keeping the Gulf of Finland and the Baltic open to navigation the shipping trade of St. Petersburg will be greatly affected thereby. Hitherto the shipping trade of the capital and Cronstadt has been impos- sible for about six months every year. During the winter a certain amount of trade is carried on by rail to those Baltic ports which happen to be open to navigation. OOS VISIBLE SUPPLY OF GRAIN. As compiled for THE MARINE RECORD, by George F. Stone, Secretary Chicago Board of Trade. CITIES WHERE WHEAT.| CORN. OATS. RYE BARLEY STORED. Bushels. | Bushels. | Bushels. |} Bushels. | Bushels. Bullalo sy cakes boas 1,159.0¢0 10,000 132,000 67,009 652,000 “afloat 283,000 DOGHOOO| jv cceeattieieaiets kb oe ate an eats Chicazonces 2a 4- 14,725.900] 4,594,000] 1,585,000 231,000 21,000 MeSeafloate kee. 85.000] 3,384,000] 43f,000] ........J.....0.00 Detroity erin. njnanes 71,000 320,000 49,000 6,000 20,000 Du uth iene. are II, 185.000 812,c00 158,000 399.000 172,000 is atloaty a0 9% BAS LOOO Wise ewe ae al yee ds Paice Ciinas Sosteealltua’s. Aptapeeey bee Hort; Walliams Ones clic 3) 248/000 | or ice a pass] b wv sp ofeie aol] Shas’ 4) Siesons) via'lhotay es Ae wie ona Milwaukee....:... SO KOOC | Fa? a wectstaiel| 3 aes peter tahe 10,000 19,000 a aflostray Ix ain ess 100,000 G34 OOO Nason lan eee Montreal. ca) 55,009 17,000 391,000 6,000 36,000 Port Arthur, Ont.... BOS OOG haieratsoatacaud Saw cau eeeate [ica tebasi ten eter pobeiete utes POLI OF ois thaws aoe 912,000] 1,774,000 153 000 6,000]... -.3. arn Toronto. nv G4, 000). eine skin 4,000] ... 48,000 Grand Total..... 54.084.000] 19,666,000] 6,058,000] 1,176,000] 1,250,000 Corresponding Date, its tole en ay en We she ata 29,477,000] 33.332,000| 10,023,000] 1,542,000] 2,563,000 [nGrease incense 639,000] ' 3,333,000] » 303,000 2AHOOO Hi ag Poles. cate Decrease ie ae eee as | 91.000 While the stock of grain at lake ports only is here given, the total shows the figures for the entire country except the Pacific Slope. i — oa or » STEAMBOAT OFFICERS APPOINTED FOR THE SEASON OF 1900. List furnished the RECORD by owners and managers. WHITE STAR LINE, Detroit, Mich.—Str. Greyhound, Capt. A. Fitts; Eng. Tashmoo, Capt. B. S. . Baker; Eng. Winfred Dubois. City of Toledo, Capt. John J. Stover; Eng. John Westwick. WILLIAM WARREN, Buffalo. —Str. P. H. Birckhead, Capt. . W. J. Hayes; Eng. Edward Knibbs. Bge. C. B. Jones, Capt. John Nelson. C. H. Burton, Capt. Thomas McDermott. Commodore, Capt. Charles Pederson. RUNNELS & SINCLAIR, Port Huron—Str. Maggie Duncan, Capt. D. M. Sinclair; Eng. Irving Buzard. O. O. Carpen- ter, Capt. J. HK. Rathbun; Eng. J. C. Watson. Schr. Favor- ite, Capt. IL. Sinclair. Constitution, Capt. E. R. Tousley. E. E. Tyson, Capt. C. W. Annis. THE Hawcoop & AVERY TRANSIT Co, H. A. Hawgood, Manager, Cleveland, O.—Str. S. S. Curry, Capt. George Ro- barge; Eng. Geo. Wilson. Geo. F. Williams, Capt. T. C. Ellis; Eng. Robert Buchanan. THe Hawcoop TRANSIT Co., Arthur H. Hawgood, Manager.—Str. Tampico, Capt. K. A. Jensen; Eng. Wm. H. Stowe. LAKE ERIE TRANSPORTATION Co., A. W. Colton, Pres. and Gen’l. Mgr., Toledo, O.—Str. George J. Gould, Capt. Walter M. Cottrell; Eng. Geo. A. Butler. S. C. Reynolds» Capt. T. C. Herrick; Eng. James H. Miller. Russell Sage, Capt. Geo. H. Burnham; Eng, Joseph Kohlbrenner. John C. Gault, Capt. Chas. H. Lewis; Eng. John C. Bustead. MINNEAPOLIS, ST. Pauly & BUFFALO STEAMSHIP Co., J. C. Mackay, Gen’l. Agt., Buffalo, N. Y.—Str. Minneapolis, Capt. William Jamieson; Eng. Bion St. Bernard. St. Paul, Capt. Peter Thompson; Eng. John Davidson. Hennepin, Capt. A. E. McGregor; Eng. William Bridges. Nebraska, Capt. Neil Anderson; Eng. Joseph Taylor. John Pridgeon, Jr., Capt. D, N. Sherwood; Eng. John Mogan. A. A. PARKER, Manager, Detroit, Mich.—Str. A, A. Par- ker, Capt. J. T. Hutton; Eng. M. J. Gilligan. John Oades, Capt. Timese Lemay; Eng. Harry Merrill. John Pridgeon, Jr., Capt. D. N. Sherwood; Eng. John Mogan. B. W. Blanchard, Capt. Thos. Meikleham; Eng. John Bloome. Wrecker Favorite, Capt. Martin Swain; Eng. Geo. L. Sim- mons. Saginaw, Capt. Isaac Watt; Eng. L. B. Cronk. Schr. B. W. Parker, Capt. Edw. Lohr. Saveland, Capt. Henry Morey. : M. A. BRADLEY, Cleveland.—Str. Alva, Capt. M. Mulhol- land; Eng. A. R. Crook. George Stone, Capt. Charles H. Frattcke; Eng. T. J. O’Connor. Hesper, Capt. Joseph A. Holmes; Eng. W. Miller. Pasadena, Capt. .J. H. Wysoon; Eng. C. Castle. Gladstone, Capt. Paul Howell; Eng. Harry Eardley. M. B. Grover, Capt. W. E. Morris; Eng. J. F. Mahany. City of Cleveland, Capt. C. G. Ennes; Eng. J. H. Covyeon. R. P. Ranney, Capt. C. R. Baker; Eng. G. W. Cross. J. S. Fay. Capt. D. Buie; Eng. W. Osgood. 5S. E. Sheldon, Capt. H. F. Holmes; Eng. Joseph Griffen. Fred. Kelley, Capt Chauncey Ney; Eng. C. H. Diem. Schr. Adri- atic, Capt. E. Saveland. John Martin, Capt. James Lawless. D. P. Rhodes, Capt. A. E. Bullock. Thomas Quayle, Capt: Fred. Green. A. Cobb, Capt. N. Gifford. Sandusky, not filled. Negaunee, Capt. O. C. Olson. —— Oe oe oer NOTICE TO MARINERS. IsLE AUX PECHES RANGE REAR LIGHT.—On January Io the structure from which this double light was shown, in the south-westerly part of Lake St. Clair, was carried away by ice. The structure will be rebuilt and the light re-established at the re-opening of the season of navigation. LAKE St. CLAIR TWENTy-Foo?t CHANNEL LIGHTS. The structures from which these lights were shown, alohg the sides of the Lake St. Clair Twenty-foot Channel, in the south-westerly part of the lake, have been seriously gam- aged by ice, and it may be necessary to rebuild them, after the re-opening of the season of navigation, before the lights can be re-established, ; ; UNITED STATES OF AMERICA—NORTHERN LAKES AND RIV- ERS—NEW YORK. TREASURY DEPARTMENT, OFFICE OF THE LIGHT-HOUSE BOARD, WASHINGTON, D. C., February 26, Igoo. TIBBETTS PoINT LIGHT STATION. Notice is hereby given that on the opening of navigation, 1900, the characteristic of the fog signal (a 10-inch steam whistle) at this station, on Tibbetts Point, southerly side of the head of the St. Lawrence river, will be changed to sound blasts of 3 seconds’ duration separated by alternate silent intervals of 17 and 37 seconds, thus: Silent Silent Blast interval Blast interval RATER Se 3 sec. 17 sec. 3 sec. 37 sec. By order of the Light-House Board. FRANCIS J. HIGGINSON, Rear Admiral, U. S. Navy, Chairman,