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ESTABLISHED 1878. CLEVELAND -- AUGUST 8, 1901 == CHICAGO. $2.00 Per Year. 5c. Single Copy To consider and take action upon all general questions relating to the navigation and carrying business of the Great Lakes, maintain necessary shipping offices and in general to protect the common interests of Lake Car- tiers, and to improve the character of the service rendered to the public. PRESIDENT. A. B. WOLVIN, Duluth. 1ST VICE-PRESIDENT. Capt. J. G. KEITH, Chicago, SECRETARY. CHARLES H. KEEP, Buffalo, TREASURER. GEORGE P. McKay, Cleveland.” COUNSEL. HARVEY D. GOULDER, Cleveland, EXECUTIVE AND FINANCE COMMITTEE. JAMES CoRRIGAN, Chairman, Cleveland. COMMITTEE ON LEGISLATION. GisBson I,. Doucvas, Chairman, Buffalo. COMMITTEE ON AIDS TO NAVIGATION. GEORGE P. McKay, Chairman, Cleveland. HYDROGRAPHIC OFFICE WORK. There is always the possibility of one government depart- ment intruding by assuming the prerogatives and duties of another branch, and, as if the Coast and Geodetic Survey service had not sufficiently robbed the Navy of the credit due its officers, a couple more departments are now step- ping in. ‘It is learned that in order to test the direction of the currents that flow from the polar regions, Captain Shoe- maker, Chief of the Revenue Cutter Service, has made ar- rangements to place a number of specially prepared casks, designed by Rear Admiral Melville, Engineer-in-Chief of the Navy, on ice floes in Behring Sea. There are fifty of these casks, each 28 inches long and 16 inches in diameter, painted black, so as to be seen easily, and pointed at each end. Inside each are directions in half a dozen languages .to be followed by anybody who finds a cask. He is asked to write to the nearest United States consul, giving the lat- itude and longitude, when the cask was found, the date and the number of the cask. He is also asked to plug up the cask again and turn it adrift. ' The Hydrographic Office is now in the Bureau of Equip- ment, but it is nevertheless in the Navy Department. There is no mechanical or scientific engineering skill to be exploited in the construction of these casks, nor is there any revenue to be defrauded if the contents falls into na- tive or foreign hands. Hitherto the Hydrographic Office has exercised exclusive interest in determining the set and drift of Atlantic as well as Pacific currents. Why, then, should the Engineer-in-Chief embroil the Revenue Cutter Service in his imaginative innovations? Triple screws, su- perposed turrets, water tube boilers, submarine boats, and other fads are more distinctly within his province. ro oo THE ATLANTIC RECORD. The Deutschland arrived in New York last Thursday with more laurels to her collection. This last passage to the westward she made the greatest daily run from noon of July 29th to noon of the 30th a distance of 601 knots. She also increased the mean hourly speed westward to 23.07 knots. This run was made over a distance of 3,141 miles. The Deutschland left Cherbourg Mole at 6.59 o’clock in the evening of July 26 (Greenwich time) and passed Sandy Hook light-ship August 1, at 6.11 (11 hours 11 minutes a. m. Greenwich time), making the total distance in 5 days 16 hours and 12 minutes. Her daily runs were ;—406, 576, 556, 601, 570 and 432. The daily run of 601 knots shows an hourly speed of a fraction over 25 knots or upwards of 28 statute miles. The best eastward record shows , a mean of 23.51 knots during the passage of 3,082 miles. Considering the report that the Cunards have it in con- templation to build a 25-knot steamer to win back the North Atlantic championship for the British flag, a 25- knotter may not be able to do the work. The British would do well to revise their plans again, so that the United States may know just how to figure, to go, say, two or three knots.an hour better than they can beat their German competitor. a THE FIRST CUP WINNER. America, the famous schooner that 50 years ago went to England and in a race around the Isle of Wight against 15 of the British cracks, bore away the Queen’s cup, is still a fine and seaworthy craft. She is the property of Paul Butler, a nephew of Gen. Ben Butler. She will celebrate her soth anniversary by being present next September when the Constitution and Shamrock ii, off Sandy Hook, re- new the struggle for the speediest yacht supremacy which she instituted. But America, since winning the Queen’s cup, which was afterward renamed in her honor, has not floated in seclu- sion. Some time after winning the trophy she was rechris- tened the Camilla, and won several races under her new name. In 1861 she turned up as the Memphis at Savannah in the service of the confederates, and to escape capture by the United States frigate Wabash she was scuttled and sunk in St. John’s river, Florida. After the war she was raised by the government and used as a practice boat by the naval cadets at Annapolis. In 1870, when James Ashbury challenged for the cup, the gov- ernment fitted her out at the Brooklyn navy yard at an ex- pense of $25,000, and although 20 years old, she beat the challenger, the Cambria. Franklin Osgood’s Magic, how- ever, was first home out of a fleet of 24 vessels. America was fourth. Ben Butler bought her from the government for $5,000, and took her to Boston, where she has again been placed in sailing trim. —————— aaa eS SS ADDITIONS TO A SHIPBUILDING PLANT. The Collingwood Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Col- lingwood, Ont., have booked some large and important or- ders well ahead, and contemplate adding to ‘their plant by enlarging the dry dock to 530 feet length and 75 feet width, and to a depth of 16 feet of water over the sill. To do this work they will add to the outer gate of the dry dock by cofferdam on the flat rock bottom, and inside of this ex- tension will build stone walls, as is now being done with the present dry dock. A new set of gates will be placed in- side the basin, the working power being supplied by two large steel boilers allowed a pressure of 170 pounds per square inch. The dock when finished will have stone walls and rock bottom the whole length. This work being done during the winter, without disturbing the original dock. The company has just completed,a new pumping well, in the solid rock, and intend to put in new pumping machinery. The limestone formation at Collingwood is favorable for such work and the quarries furnish stone cheaper in the end than if timber was used. There will also be added an engine shop, foundry and boiler shop, so that marine engines and boilers of the largest kind can be built in the yard, thus providing in all respects a modern shipbuilding and engineering plant, with the best provision for new work of the largest size and all probable repairs. CONCRETE FOUNDATION FOR LIGHT-HOUSE. An interesting piece of concrete work is being carried on by the United States government in preparing the founda- tion for a new light-house in the harbor of Norwalk, Conn.. The light-house when completed will stand upon a cylin- drical block of concrete 33 feet in diameter and 25 feet 9 inches high. Except for a cistern 10 feet in diameter and about 5 feet deep, this foundation is of solid concrete., The concrete was deposited inside a segmental cast iron cylinder or shell, composed of 1¢2 plates arranged in courses of 32 plates each, adjacent courses breaking joints. The plates are 1 to 1% inches thick, ribbed and flanged, and jointed with 1%-inch bolts. The concrete filling is..composed.. of. one part of first quality American Portland cement, two parts sand, three parts gravel and four parts broken stone, mixed dry. The specifications permitted the use of large stones of from 100 to 1,000 pounds weight, in the concrete, provided that no large stone be placed nearer than 12) inches to the inside of the cylinder, to the air shaft, to the bottom of the cistern, or to each other. The walls forming the cistern, the linings of the foundation cylinder and dwell- ing house, and also those separating the different compart- ments in the cellar, are constructed of brick laid in cement mortar. After the structure has been completed and all false work removed, 1,500 tons of rip rap are to be placed around the foundation within a distance of 25 feet from it. The stone is to be of sizes up to 1,500 pounds in weight in the proper proportion to pack closely. The first con- crete placed within the cylinder was mixed dry, placed in bags and lowered to the bottom. After a sufficient quan- tity had been lowered in this manner to hold the cylinder against. the action of tides the rest of the concrete was lowered to place in buckets. ro ooo ONTARIO’S UNDEVELOPED RESOURCES. Mr. F. H. Clergue, in speaking of the undeveloped re- sources of New Ontario in conversation lately with a rep-' resentative of an Ottawa paper, said: I firmly believe that Canada will be a great country, and that before many years. Canada is full from end to end’ of natural wealth. The fact is only becoming known to the world. What will happen is this: - Very soon thé op- portunities of Americans for profitable ‘home investment will come to an end. A general turn of eyes toward Canada will take place. ' Capital, will flow in and the capital will be followed by population. Just as Canadians went to the United States years ago to better themselves, so Americans will come to Canada. American capital will be followed by British capital and moré or less British immigration. Once the country gets a start the rest will be easy. Mr. Clergue went on to say that Canadians have been accused of being “slow,” but in his opinion it was not true. Canadians ‘were just as alive to opportunities as Americans. The trouble has been that Canadians had lacked capital. Canadians, Mr. Clergue believed, had the making of a magnificent nation; physique, hardiness, cleanliness of tone, energy, all the de- sirable qualities were there. When Canada becomes a na- tion, he said, it will be a great’ nation. A year ago, the population of the Canadian Soo was 4,000. Jt is now 7,000. Mr. Clergue says he expects it will be 50,000 within three years. It will be a great manufacturing centre. When in full operation the steel plant alone will employ over 10,000 men, and why, he asks, shouldn’t it be a great centre? Within easy distance there are in sight vast quantities of iron, nickel, copper and pulpwood. The water power is unlimited. Lake Superior is our mill pond, and the St. Mary’s river our flume. Our shipping facilities, both by rail and water, are unsurpassed anywhere. :