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JUNE I9 1902. THE MARINE RECORD. BUFFALO BREAKWATERS. In the number of the Engineering News, May 20, appears an article by Major Thomas W.- Symons, M. Am. ‘Soc. C. E.. Major Corps of Engineers, "U. S. A., United States Engineer at Buffalo, which will be read with deep interest, not only by all engineers throughout the country, but. by everybody on the lakes who appreciates the importance of the work being done on the new breakwaters. - Throughout the'six and a half pages which the Engineer- ing News devotes to this interesting description, Major Symions’ text is illustrated by splendid photographs and descriptive drawings, which’ are illuminating to the average reader and make plain the technical details even to the non- scientific. Major Symons, in this article, takes up specifically the construction and reconstruction work which is being done with concrete in breakwater work, and shows that the con- struction at Buffalo is not only one of the largest and most important pieces of concrete construction ever undertaken on the Great Lakes'or elsewhere; but in its special develop- ment it is the most advanced-work~of its kind anywhere in the United States. s _, The illustrations show-cross~sections .of the concrete -superstructions at other Lake Erie ports, notably the break- waters at Dunkirk, N. Y5 and *the west breakwater at Cleveland, O. In the course cf his article Major Symons says: . ‘“The adoption and’ development of .the concrete shell - type of breakwater superstructtrre is regarded as impor- tant. It has all the advantages in weight and strength of a solid concrete sttperstructure at a greatly reduced: cost. Bv varying the size of blocks and thickness of walls and decks and general outline, it can be adapted to locations with different and varying: exposures and with great ulti- mate economy. On-account of the high price of timber nowadays, and the low price of cement, a concrete shell superstructure can ordinarily be built at a cost no higher than..a,.wood.and. stone superstructure, and wherever con- ditions as to foundation and settlement can be met, it Shot{ld be adopted ih the futuré” ~ ' “The engineers in direct charge of this work have been Messrs. J. C. Quintus and Emile Low, both Members of thé American ,Society: of Civil Engineers. The contractors weré the Buffalo Dredgitig Co., of ‘Buffalo. . Owing to-the great strike of machinists. in the spring of, 1901 the com- . pafiy was greatly delayed in getting its plant ready for the work. This and various other causes prevented the com- pany from fully completing the work during the season of t9o1, but:all:the cribs were covered and left in a good con- dition fé¢ winter, and the work was finally completed; on May 12,902.” THe CHase Macnuine ENGINEERS AND MACHINISTS. MANUFACTURERS, UNDER THE CHASE PATENTS, OF A Hoisting Engines, Steering Engines / - sical p Raont tases iad her Hechanéey. ‘Buginests! Supplies and General Jobbing. Power and D: op Hammers, and ot 111 ELM.STREET. TELEPHONE, MAIN 994. JOHN DONNELLY, SR., Pars. JOHN DONNELLY, JR., Vice Pres. EASTERN FREIGHT RATES. Messrs. Funch, Edye & Co., New York., reports. the condition of ‘the eastern freight market as. follows: There has“ been somewhat more activity, in’ ‘steajner chartering for general cargo‘trades. "The timber and deal charterers have pretty well covered their pressing require- ments and consequently do not show any anxiety to in- crease their obligations. Prompt steamers are finding diffi- culty in, securing suitable; employment and the coal situ- ation does not tend, to assist matters. The Virginia ex- poiters have notified their clients that they cannot deliver coal to any’ steamers at Newport. News or Norfolk whilst the present strike exists, and’ the outlook fot securing spot coal is anything but promising. Grain shippers are not inclined to make any commitments for future months, doubtless preferring to await more definite information as to the prospects of ‘the new corn crop. The market for sail tonnage remains practically in a dormant condition in the absence of any inquiry of conse- quence. - We may, however, hote the charter of a case oil ship to two ports Australia at 15 cents, which is one cent below thé last. fixture. Grain to Glasgow, 2% cents; to Liverpool or London, 3 cents; Bristol or Hull, 4 cents. ; (iovernment Proposals. Sealed proposals will be received at the office of the Light-House Board, Wash- ington, D. C., until 2 o'clock p. m., July 10, 1902, and then opened, for furnishing the materials and labor of all kinds neces- sary for the construction and delivery of the twin screw steel steam light-house | tender Crocus for a fixed sum for ‘said’ ves- sel delivered either at the Buoy Depot, Buffalo, N. Y:, or. at the Light-House Depot; Tompkinsville, N. Y., as will be -determined ‘upon by the Jight-House 30ard. . Proposals,: plans. and specifica- tions can be had by applying to the Light- House Board, Washington, D. C.. or at “the office of the Light ~ House: Inspector, Buffalo, N. Y. George C. Remey, Rear- Admiral, U. S. N., Chairman. 25-20 :] CompPAaANy, tion. By return mail, we will ex- -- Automatic Towing Engines, CLEVELAND, O. 140) ; H, B. FOLGER, Tress. THOS. DONNELLY, Seo'v \CoNGRESS ST. BO THE DONNELLY SALVAGE | (= mma AND WREGKING 60,, Ltd,] | S-ERS 2m. Successors to S. Fix & Son, Steam Flue Welding Works K | N GSTO N , oO N T. 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