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6 he Marine Record. “HISLORY OF LAKE NAVIGATION. BY J. W. HALL, Written for the Marine Record. CHAPTER LXIV. Navigation commenced at Buffalo in 1864 April 14, the propeller Acme, Captain J. W. Hathaway, the first to depart. ‘The pro- peller Michigan, of the N. T. line, from Toledo, arrived at Port Colborne the day previous. ‘The propeller Dubuqne, Captain McIntyre, passed through the Sault canal May 2, and the propeller Maine, bound east ward, through Mackinac Straits April 22. There was an improvement in lake freights over the season previous, with an average ruling of 9c. on wheat, and the highest rates on that cereal at 18c. The appointments of steamers, plying be- tween Cleveland and Detioit and Lake Su- perior were as follows: Steamer Planet, Captain J. P. Ward; steamer Illinois, Cap- tain John Robertson; steamer ‘l'raveler, Captain F. 8. Miller; propeller Water Witch, Captain Barney Sweeny; prupeller Iron Sides, Captain J. E. Turner; Lac La Belle, Captain John Spalding; propeller Pewubic, | Captain George McKay; Meteor, Captain R. S. Ryder; Northern Light, Captain Murch; propeller Dubuque, Captain MeIn- tyre. The propellers,plying between Buffalo and Toledo, in connection with the Erie Rail- way line, and appointments were as follows: Propeller Wabssh, Captain John Kirby; Passaic, J. S. Mitchell; Canisteo, Captain George Blackman; New York, Captain H. A. Sisson; Acme, Captain J. W. Hathaway; Elmira, Captain Wm. Thorne; Pittsburgh, Captain Simon Monroe; Tioga, Captain L. H. Waterbury; Olean, Captain M. Driscoll; Portsmouth,Captain J. W. Travers; Oswego, Captain D. H. Bryant; Susquehanna, Cap- tain John Brown. The steamer Morning Star, Captain E. R, Viger, and the City of Cleveland, Captain Wm. McKay, composed the Detroit & Cleve- land line. The following plied between Buffalo and Chicago: Propeller Idahe, Captain A. B, Conkey; Dean Richmond, Captain Sol Rum- mage; Winslow, Captain J. M. Smith; Foun- tain City, Captain W. H. Rounds; Wenona, Captain M. H. Collins; Mendota, Captain James Welch; Galena, Captain B. Penney; Chicago, Captain Alvin Dodge; Evergreen City, Captain John Parsons, and the Cuya- hoga, Captain Jolin Evans. : The gradual improvements -in freights contributed quite a number of lake carriers. Omitting a number of the smaller class and not engaged exclusively in freighting, the following list of new vessels, commissioned _ in 1864, is appended: _ The barque Huron, noted below, was built at Port Huron for parties in Boston, Mass., and on being completed, took her departure for ocean service. - Steamer City of Toronto, 600 tons, built by L. Shickluna at Niagara, Steamer George L. Dunlap, 338 tons, built by W. H. Wolf at Green Bay. Steamer W. J. Spicer, 800 tons, built by R. Stead at Port Sarnia. Propeller Dean Richmond, 1416 tons,built by Quayle & Martin at Cleveland. Propeller Pacific, 766 tons, built by Peck | & Masters at Cleveland. 2 Propeller Lac La Belle, 850 tons, built by ¢ I. Lafrinier at Cleveland. ey Propeller Arctic, 785 tons, built by Peck | & Masters at Cleveland. Propeller Truesdale, 499 tons, built by Doolittle & Co., at Chicago. Propeller Georgian, 320 tons, built by J. Potter at Severn River. Propeller Ironsides, 937 tons, built by Quayle & Martin at Cleveland. Propeller Skylark, 300 tons, built by S. McDonald at Detroit. Bark H. P. Bridge, 400 tons, built by J. M. Jones at Detroit. Bark Thermutis, 420 tons, built at Oleve- ra land. f Bark Huron, 378 tons, built for ocean service at Port Huron. ‘ Bark J. P. March, 355 tons, built by Cro- zier at Vermillion. Bark Ogarita, 604 tons, built by C. W. Lent at Conneaut. Bark Summer Cloud, 341 tons, built by Wm. Jones at Black River. Bark Tuscola, 221 tons, built by Eastman at Grand Haven. Schooner Sea Gull, 201 tons, built by J. Simpson at Oakville. 4 Schooner Amaranth, 272 tons, built by 1 W. sbupe at Milan. ; Schooner Hippogriffe, 295 tons, built by W. Crossthwaite at Buffalo. Schooner Anglo Saxon, 814 tons, built by 3 Donaldson at Point Dalhousie. . Schooner Hercules, 222 tons, bu‘lt by A. Roberts at Hamilton, Ont. Schooner E. B. Allen, 275 tons, built by H. C. Pierscn at Ogdensburgh. Schooner Express, 244 tons, built by O. i Huntley at Sheboygan. i Schooner Brvoklyn, 375 tons, built by S. G. a Johnson at Clayton. | Schooner Montana, 245 tons, built by John Oades at Clayton. : : Schooner John Oades, 198 tons, built by Jobn Oades at Clayten. Schooner J. F. Card, 276 tons, built by Nichols at Vermillion. The following were added to the catalogue of tugs for lake and river service: te ‘Tug Samson, 181 tons, built by L. Shick- luna at St. Catharines. Tug Metamora, 152 tons, Peck & Masters }at Cleveland. | ‘Lug Satellite, 149 tons, built by Quayle & Martin at Cleveland, Tug Tawas, 88 tons, built by Williams at Vicksburg. | Tug Mayflower, 127 tons, built by Me- | Dole at Marine City. /ard at Port Huron. '_ Tug B. B. Jones, 109 tons, built by B. B. > Jones at Milwaukee. |} Tug W. T. Robb, 125 tons, built by G. ; Hardison at Stromness. | During the navigation of 1864 there were ! 599 marine casulties on the northern lakes, | (involving a loss ou hull and cargo, amount- iing to $654.100. Of this number 8 were caused by explosions, 7 capsized, 123 went ashore, 151 sprung aleak, 4 by fire, 202 dam- aged in hull and outfit, 9 foundered, 47 col- lided and 45 passed out of existence. ‘The following were total losses: Steamer Pontiac, exploded at Grand Haven and three lives lost, $5,000. Steamer Amity, wrecked on Long Point, $6,000. . Steamer Alexander, burned on Lake On- tario, $8,000. Steamer Cleveland, wrecked at Two Heart river, Lake Superior, $50,000. Steamer George Moffat, wrecked at Pres- que Isle, Lake Ontario, $12,000. Propeller Nile, exploded at Detroit, and six lives, $45,000. Propeller Racine, burned off Kond Eau, and eight lives lost, $45,000. Propeller Sciota, sunk by propeller Arctic off Dunkirk, with loss of nine lives, $30,000. Propeller Ogdensburg, sunk by schooner Snowbird 1n Lake Erie, $40,000. Propeller Kenosha burned at Point Ed- ward, St. Clair river, $40,000. Tug Winslow, wrecked at Cleveland, and five lives lost, $20,000. Bark Western Metropolis, wrecked near Chicago, $20,000. . Bark Mojave, foundered in Lake Michi- gan and ten lives lost, $35,000. Bark B. A. Stanard, wrecked at Point Betsy, $18,000. Brig Amazon, wrecked at Point Edward, $4,000. Brig Mohawk, sunk by a tug in Lake Erie, $15,000. ‘ Brig Sultan, foundered off Euclid and seven lives lost, $12,000. Schooner Horace Greeley, wrecked at St. Joseph, $2,000. Schooner Emma Jane, foundered in Lake Erie, and seven lives lost, $6,000. Schooner Storm, lost on Lake Michigan with one life, $600. 5 Schooner Union, wrecked near Milwau- kee, $2 500. Schooner Col, A. B. Williams, foundered in Lake Huron, $20,000. Schooner Storm Spirit, sunk by collision in Lake Huron, $10,000. Schooner Mayflower, foundered in Lake Erie and eight lives were lost, $7,000. Schooner Opechee, foundered in Lake Erie with loss of six lives, 5,000. Schooner Isabel wrecked on Lake Huron, | $4,000. 5 Schooner Cattaraugus, foundered in Lake Ontario, $15,000. Schooner Comely,wrecked at Point Abino, $4,000. : Schooner James Coleman, wrecked on Lake Ontario, $8,000. : Schooner A. J. Rich, wrecked at Kencar ine, $25,000. Schooner Forwarder, wrecked at same place, $2,000. Schooner Amelia, wrecked near Goderich, $28,000. ; Schooner Altair, wrecked at Chantry Is- land, $25,000. Schooner Queen City, wrecked near’ Mar- quette, $10,000. Schooner Fortune, wrecked on Lake Hu- ron, $25.000. Schooner J. C. Wheeler, lost on Lake On- tario, $8,000. Senooner Experiment, wrecked at Manito- woe, $8,000. Schooner Carrier Dove, lost on Take On- tario, $4,000. Schooner Sardinia, wrecked at Oswego, $5,000. Schooner Jennie Lind, wrecked on Long Point, Lake Erie, $3,000. Schooner Belle, lost in the same locality, $4,000. : Schooner Newark, lest on Lake Huren, $2,500, Schooner Perseverance, sunk by schooner Grey Eagle in the Straits, $6,000, Schooner Mountaineer, wrecked in Geor- gian Bav, $3,000. The deaths among toasters from various causes were, as nearly as ascertained, as fol- lows: Captain J.C. Benjamin died at Prairie ville, Michigan. A Captain Robert Wagstaff, an old veteran, died at Hoboken, N, Y., aged 56 yeurs. Captain Nelson Spafford was drowned from tug Masters in the St, Clair river. Captain McIntosh was lost with schooner Emma Jane in Lake Brie. Captain Robert Nicholson was drowned from the schooner DeWolf,in Lake Michigan. Captain James Burris was drowned from brig Globe in Lake Huron. Captain P. J, Averill was lost“with the schooner Mayflower in Lake Erie. Captain John Clement was lost with the schooner Opechee in Lake Erie. Captain Nelson Webster and crew were lost with the brig Sultan in Lake Erie. Captain Morrison was killed by the ex- plosion of tug Seneca at Detroit. Captain James Flood died suddenly at Chicago, Captain Tabener and his mate were lost from brig Mahoning which capsized en Lake Michigan. Tug Kate Moffa', 134 tons, built by Stew- | | Captain D. N. Malott and crew of ten were | lost with bark Mojave which foundered on | | Lake Michigan. Captain John Caldwell, an old pioneer, died at Cleveland, aged 67 years. | Captain Zephania Perkins, well known in| | early times, died at Dunkirk, aged 82 years, | Captain John W. Webster, on the lakes | | upwards of forty years, died at Painesville, | Ohio, aged 76 years. Captain Butterworth, of. steamer Clifton, | died ~uddenly at Owen Sound. The total number of deaths from all causes was 133. | —_ | ST. MARY’S FALLS CANAL. | NEW KULES AND REGULATIONS. The new rules and regulations were re ceived on the 29th of September, and have | been enforced since that date. Copies were posted in conspicuous places | in the village, at the canal »ffice, and locks, | and in addition, a copy was issued to the master and cierk of each craft passing the canal, and a receipt taken theretor. This plan was adopted to avoid duplicating them to the vessels, and also as evidence that all masters and clerks had been duly informed of the change in the rules for the govern- ment of the canal. The rules and regulations as published by order of the secretary of war are as fellows: RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR THE GOVERN- MENT OF THE ST. MARY’S FALLS CANAL, MICHIGAN, In accordance with the provisions of seev- tion 7 of the act of Congress approved July 5, 1884, Rule 1. The movements of all vessels, boats, and other floating things in the canal and locks, shall be under the direction of the superintendent and his assistants, Rule 2. All steamers desiring to use the locks shall signal for the same by two long and two short blasts of the whistle. Rule 3. All tows before eutering the locks shall, if practicable, shorten their tow lines | idle during this time one hour and thirty- seven minutes, The statement of business through the canal shows the total freight traffic for the | present year to be 2,870,728 tons; this is 329 929 tons greater than the freight ton- nage for the last fiscal year. STATEMENT OF THE BUSINESS OF THE ST- MARY’S FALLS CANAL, MICHIGAN, FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 31), 1885. Number and class of vease!s passed : Side wheel steamers... .... 2... .--.---- 140 Propellers,,..i5 ccscesi iwaiwieoelinaa'is 3.425 Sail Tou. sad occnOele ss eeaeeaes hem es Rafts and unregistered craft,......-... 399 Total passages oo vise aout tasee cea 5,629. Total regist red tonnage......... .2,981,786 Freight and passenger traffic : Coal; tong. os ican sees ene gue 691,174 Copper. tons. ooo. osc ses na ees 36,829 Flour, barrels; 2552), Sop pea 1,334,802 Grain, bushels sc.ncu SA ree 14,130,448 Iron Ore, tonsil, ces eae 1,112,828 Pig and manufactured iron,tons ... .- 63,083 Lutnbert, M feet, B; Mui.co. 2.2 ees 131,132,000 Salt; barrels 255 ose cies Reng eka 129,452 Miscellaneous or unclassified freight, (ONS). ccs. ss. sade veae seen 187,216 Total freight, tons . ............ 2,870,728 Passengers, . c2csielee ua aue ad 44,533 ro The House committee on rivers and bar- hors has decided to regort a bill prohibit- ing the dumping of any refuse, saw dust, stone, street sweeping or any waste of any character in any harbor or water way in the United States. This question has been before Congress for several years on com- plaints that have come from New York, and this year the House has received official re- monsitrance from army engineers, steam- ship companies, commercial organizations and citizens generally. The committee on rivers and harbors have about completed to 400 feet or less. All tows leaving the locks shall invariably shorten their tow lines to 400 feet or less. Rule 4. In passing, the canal vessels or boats belonging to the United States govern- ment, shall have precedence over all others, Passenger boats shall in general have prece- dence over all others, except those belong- ing to the United States. Rafts must give way to all documented craft. Boats arriving first at the canal will in general have precedence over others of the same class. Small vessels or craft, bent on pleasure only, shall not be granted a sep- arate lockage when others are waiting to pass the locks, but may be passed through the locks in company with other vessels. Rule 5. All boats, waiting above the locks for lockage, must be kept at least 400 feet above the upper gates; and those waiting below the locks must be kept at least 200 feet below the lower gates. Rule 6. Masters or clerks of vessels or boats shall report in person at the office of the superintendent on each passage, and make such statement of passengers, freight, and registered tonnage as he may require. Rule 7. No business trading or landing of freight or baggage will be allowed on or over the canal piers or lock walls, except sueh small articles as may be readily carried in the hand, so as not to delay navigatiou or obstruct the operating of the locks. Rule 8. Vessels or boats may be moored to the piers only when specially permitted by the superintendent, and then only in such places and for such times as he may direct. Rule 9. No material of any kind shall be thrown into the canal, Flues shall not be cleaned in -the locks. Rule 10. All persons are prohibited from willfully or carelessly damaging the canal, or any part thereot, Rule 11. All boats using the canal must be free from projecting irons or rough sur- face that would be liable to damage the lock walls or canal piers. Rule 12. No vessel or boat shall in any way obstruct the Canal, or delay in passing thireugh, unless permitted to do so by the proper authority. The neglecting of any lawful order shall be construed as obstruct: ing the free navigation of the canal. | FREIGHT AND PASSENGER TRAFFIC, The canal was open to navigation during the present fiscal year 219 days, 14 days less than during the fiscal year of 1888-’84. rt was closed for the winter on December 10, 1884, and opened for the current season on May 6, 1885. + The statement of business tor the season of 1884 shows that five articles, consisting of iron ore, lumber, coal, wheat, and copper comprise 84 per cent of the entire commerce through the canal for that. year. The per- centage that each bears to the entire freight traffic is as follows: Iron ore, 40; coal, 24; wheat, 13; lumber, 6, and copper 1 per cenr, Three of these, wheat, coul, and lumber, are comparatively new freights, not having been prominent in the commerce of Lake Superior until recently. The first ship- ments of wheat and coal in any considerable quantity were in 1871, while’ lumber ship- ments did not begin until 1875. i Iron ore and copper have always been im- portant items of the traffic, though they have increased, in the caséof the former, from 1,447 tons in 1884 (the year the canal ages through the new lock; were locked between the hours of 11 o’clock a.m. and 12 o’clock midnight,or during thir- teen hours of the day. The lock was also the preparation of the appropriation bili which will amount in total to $14,500,000. The commiitee has made appropriation only tor works of a national character and has omitted the annual allowarce to local ob- jects. he bill will be shorter this year than usual, although appropriating a larger sum of money. There is a good,deal of dissatis- faction expressed by representatives who have small rivers and harbors in their dis- tricts that have been overlooked, but the committee has been governed by the amounts of commerce at each place and the necessi- ties of the case rather that by appeals from members. CATILE BILLS OF LADING. A deputation, representing the Dominion live stock association, including Mr. John Elliott, of Kingston is in Ottawa interview- ing the minister of agriculture. The subject of their mission is the wish of the trade to have the present steamship bills of lading altered. This difficulty, it will be remem. bered, came up last season, when some steamship companies made the concessions asked, but the government took no aetive’ steps to enforce by a law the requirements asked for the association, which are simply that a law be passed, compelling steamship owners to issue bills of lading on which freight would only be payable on cattle at port of destination, instead of the number present. Last fall it was given out that the Kirby- Carpenter Company intended to give up their extensive barge line, which has carried lumber between Menominee and Chicago fer many years. ‘The announcement was not generally believed at the time, because marine men could not understand why even so large acorporation should throw over so large an amount of valaable property. Vhe same announcement is out again this spring, and it has to be takenfas a settled fact. The big tug Favorita, which has been used to tow the barges, has been placed on a passen- ger and freight route in Green Bay, and the river barges will have to depend on their sails for this season at least. It is the inten- tion ef the company to run them as the Grand Haven barges have been run during the past five or six years. In this connec- tion it might be stated that the three big arks which hail from Ludington will also resume business this spring. ‘They were shelved last summer because of the depres- sion of lumber freights; but now that the prospects seem brighter they will be taken out again, The tug Brockaway, Captain Courtland, will tow them. ee ae The Port Arthur Sentinel says: The dis- patches to-day contain the announcement that Captain Moore, of the ill-fated steam- shin Algoma, which was wrecked last sea- son at Isle Royale, has had his certificate restored. ‘This will prove very pleasing in- telligence to many of his friends in Port Arthur. ‘The certificate was restored in compliance witha memorial to the Governor- in-Couneil, signed by nearly all the Ontario members of the Honse ot Commons. This is a strong testimonial of the captain’s mer- its and the many good qualities which have man him hosts of friends wherever he is nown. loaded at the port of embarkation, as.at a