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Ghe Marine Record. Bilaxvine Hecord. Published Every Thursday at 144 Superior Street, [Leader Building] Cleveland, 0. A. A. POMEROY, EDITOR AND PUB BRANCH OFFICE: 252 South Water Street, Chicago, Illinois, THOMAS WILLIAMS, Associate Editor. there were always owners ready and willing to pay the premiums, however high they might raise them, and they also found, when it was too late, that the men who were wil- ling to paythe advanced premiums, were men who knew what they were doing, o tha the insure! found it did him no harm to pay |wo, or even three per cvnt extra i! h wis able to collect the whole sum iaosu ed in the eourse of a year or two. Meanwhile the the junar aid stellar worlds. These observa The secretary says: ‘It would appear now tions accompanied by an accurate description | more important than ever that such action of the celestial appearance at sunrise, would | should be taken at the sevond session vt the ably supplement the duties of she day officers| present congress in view of the fact tha’ the and frequently lead to important results both] lust se tion gave appropriations for the con- local and scientific, while attbes me time ajstructim of heavy ordinance. Without monthly synopsis of their report wou d prove] heavy platforms, strong armored p otection, valuable data in the hands of an experienced } and other permanentemplicements, these guns | astronomer or statistician, By these means] aud mortals when finished will be of cou par- aso the exact position of each piace ot ob-| atively littie use. beiter class of -hips kept cu: of the unde - TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One year, postage paid.....ssesceeeeses sereceeee $2.00 Six months, postage paid...... ssseeseee crreeeees Invariably mn advance. peer eee a THE MARINE RECORD can ve found for sate by the following news dealers: CLEVELAND, O,—G. F. Bowman, corner of Pearl and Detroit Streets. Evans & Van Epps, Superior street, Cleveland, R. A. Castner, 254 Detroit street, Cleveland. ASHTABULA HARBOR, O.—C. Large. CHICAGO, ILL.—Joseph Gray, 9 West Ran- dolph Street. CHICAGO, ILL,—H. B. Hansen, 33 West andolph Street. BUFFALO, N. Y.—Miss McCabe, Elk Street, ering even to run wninzured, to the aite na- tive of pyyirg premiums sich as thev knew they c uld not houe-tly afford, Raising the premiuus upon our ve sel owners isas raw suvh asnone but a dr wo ing man would gra-pat. Ifthe e «till b: any doubt remuining, the following i] ustra tion may convince: 4 We are not w.tnout hope that the ad: pticn of the British system of mutual insurance by which nearly ali Briti h owners ani th se of the Baltic states protest heirinteres -,wilipu anio the unsalistaciery state of ibings wi ich has prevailed lere far too Jorg, snd had he lake owner not posses ed, in «dition ts» hs other go d qnalitie-, a were than ordina y | near Ohio. -tock of patience, t Id have asverten hi- | Pee 5 she NESE patience, he would have a | DETROIT, MICH .—Connors’ Marine Ne independence long ago. It woild be oime- Co. what foreign to the pre-evt subject, to at- 'e pt to explain the alvan ages of the my tual system, but the way it deals witi) tie question of premiums isthe only equitable one, If there bas been a bad sea-on te in surers Of that sexson pay fori, it dice. not attempt to make the i: surers in a fortunat season pay for those of an unfortuna‘e, and vice versa, It may nevertiele-s not be out of place to say thatin the old wold insur ance arrungenients, there is no friction be- tween underwriling c mpanies and the ship owner’s insurance associations. They have really one interest and work harmoriou 1\ together to their jrint bencfi. The ship- owner bas no interest in interering with the insurance on fie ght, and he insurance compunies know by experience that it i- unprofiiable to touch hulls. A few years ago a certain class of vessels in the oversea trade cost. sav 6 percenti the mutual as ociations, while st th» sane time underwriters taking +im lar classea vessel’s hulls, gradusliy advanced their rate~ thereon to 10 per cent and fi ding they were even then losing money jetived from that branch of the business, thoroughly MILWAUKEE, WIS.—T. S. GRAY, CO. 126 Wisconsin St. SAULT STE MARIE—J. P. Haller. ASHTABULA HARBOR—O. M. Kahne ERIE, PA,—Reed Caughen, 816 State St. DULUTH, MINN.—C. F. Johnson, 323 West Superior Street. : MARQUETTE, MICH.—J. A. Vannier. ESCANABA, MICH.—Wm. Godley. ESCANABA, MICH.—George Preston, SARNIA, ONT.—D. McMasters. OWEN SOUND, ONT.—J. Sharpe, Jr. KINGSTON, ONT.—F, Nisbet, corner Brcok and Wellington Streets. Subscribers and others are respectfully invited to use the columns of the MARINE RECORD for the discussion of pertinent topics. Entered at the Post Uiice at Cleveland as second- class mai! matter. CLEVELAND, O., DECEMBER 6. ‘CLEVELAND VESSEL OWNERS ASSN ORGANIZED IN 1880. [Membership, 1887! servation could be determined, and the lati- could be veretied, all important beariugs. and distances being taken from he official build- ing and while admitting the past and present services of the weather bureau as being inval- uab e, we have no hesitation in stating that a more general and positive knowledge, apper- taining more especially to the local features of the wea her forecast would be welcome to hose who e occupation is ruled by the atmos- pheric changes throughout the v rious sea- sons of the year BAS . ROPES TET RS pale a THE BALULKE OF THE SWASH. Under the above somewhat peeuliar tit ea took has receully made its appearance, vedi eated to the senators and ex seuators, wember? aud ex mea bers of the past and pr: sent con- by their stupid and crim n | neglect to adopt ordinary defe.sive precaut ons, or to the re- construction of the American merchant ma- rine. have rendered all America seap rt and lake t wn ia let an attaek that they can not wit: the avai able forces witustand. The evident o! ject of the !\ook is a good one and We trus that the work wil! have the effect ot furthering the cause of the naval reserve and of a thorough system of coast de ense, which the Marine Recorp has alwys so trenu u ly advocated. Asa iterary pr duction «e fancy the au th would achieve more success had he con- fined himse f almost exclusively to the story of the bait ¢. and na’ lef his reeders t» draw their own inferences. They woud certainly have arrived at hisc ncelusions qual y well had they beev al owed to do a lit le ti.inking f rthemse ves instead of having that done for the In his anxiety that they shali not go stray he so netim s uses expressions, which though!fuland refleciing pe ple «ould scarcely approve, such as pivgish attitude, robbery, tric ery, deceptionand fraud. ‘!-wo much zeal has led him into the error, «nly ©o popular, that ou cn advance your wn cause ' ‘Sixty-five steamers agg’egatiny ---.---..-- 67,865 ons nety-five sail and consort, aggregating 60,089 ons, tains shipping offices at Cleveland and Ashta- ula Harbor. Regulates wages, protects crews, and ‘eognizauce of all matters in the interest of its and of the Lake Commerce generally. ss OFFICERS, : satisfied with the result of “raising the pre- miums,”” ty ; SIGNAL AND HYDROGRAPHIC STA ; TIONS. The fraternity of the lake marine require.a more clear and comprehensive system of code | | Signals, tobe used at the varicus weather bureau signal stations around the chainof la. es | The general opinion seems to be that there j8too much similiarity in the -present hoists, and unless a person carries around. with him a printed card the signifivation of the hoist can not be easily determined, What the re- quirements of commerce now cull for, is a concise and accurae system so that the mind may grasp the signification of the hoist from the symbole displayed, and not as they are at present, having too much sameness both in A. R. Rumsey, 98 dock, Cleveland; Fred Bennet. assistant, 98 dock, Cleveland; Wm, Reunick, Ashta- pula Harbor. : MARINE RECORD—OFFICIAL PAPER. RAISING THE PREMIUMS. by abusing y ur neighbors; whi e, therefore, we agree with his views, and applaud his patriotic sentiments, we wou d wish to arrive at the same goal by a «ore considerate use of our power. Canada and ourselves or even if a marriage is t» te brought a‘ out, it must be done by gen- ‘ler meth ds than his b ok upho'ds. A to the enlarged nationality. We consider that it can and provanly wil! be brcught out hy auicable means. <A recogvition of this fact in our own dealings wi'h our neigh- burs wud in due time bring about its re- Last week we devoted a short epace to a consideration of this subject and we now propose to examine further into its contin- gent fa'lacies. We showed in effect that if an underwriter loses by his own ignorance or carelessness he must be prepared to sus- tain the said loss out of his own funds; if, on the other hand, he suffers by a bad gea- son, he must be content to wait untill a proportionately favorable run enables h m to recover lost ground. He is just in the Same position as any other speculator, and to suggest that he should have a second string to his bow and be able to throw the burden of his own personal loss, upon the shoulders of those shipowners who indi- vidually have not lost him anything, is a doctrine we shall energeticaily protes, color and hoists and containing negative, rather than positive informatin. For in- stance, the cautionary storm signal. has been so often hung out that mariners generally no longer pay any attention to it, from the fact that sfter seeing the signal displayed, they frequently sail on their voyage without expe- riencing any of the indications as set forth at the weather office. It might be said with gome degree of truthfulness that the caution- ary signal does not necessarily imply bad weather, nor is it meant to have euch a signi fic.tion, especia!ly when it is stated thata seaworthy vessel can encounter the foretold wind and weather without danger; yet, on the other hand, uncalled for caution is nv guide whatever, and consequently the ordinary ob- difficu ty ae intr duced. rangements completed -o that at any moment if war should break outin any direction, we shou'd not be left at the mercy of cur antag- onists. Thi- ca: only be done by tie forma- tion of a perfect system of naval reserves and ane gineer and t rped» corps at our seap rt and !akeport centers; by the erection of suit- able perman»:t f:rtifications and by the adopti nf asystem of nava! reserve. We are quite certuin that so far as the latter is concerned « sma'l aunual b nus would secure gresses of the United states of America, who, | ; | construction of a torpedo shed fur the storage “The tui ding of modern gun and mortar writer’s bocks altcge her, the owners pre-| tude and longitude of promiuently local lights | batteries requires onger per ds of time than ‘the construction of the armament. It would appear the part of wisdom that the prepara tion of these two important ¢ ponents of a well-equipped defeuse sh uld proceed simulta neously. For the beginning of the construc- tion of such defenses an appropriation vt $2,846,000 is asked for,” Two hundred tho sand dollar- is asked fr the repair and preservation of existing works; for the purchase of torpedoes and submarine mines, and the necessary appliances for «per- ating them; for experimenting to ascertain the best of the many torpedo inventions, and for the coniinuing of the construction of the necessary Casemutes, cable gulleries, etc; for w rking the submariue mine and torpedo system, $1,390,000 is recommended. ‘The | of torpedu material, in San Francisco harbor toc st about $22,000, is re commended, Secretary WailtTNeY, in bis annual re- port, afier presenting a brief review of the condition of the navy, as it will exist on the 4th of next March, in comparison with the same on March 1, 1885, says that so far as armored ships are concerned, the subject i§ yet to be treated in a broad way by the de- parttoeny and congress. Asa result of the policy adopted and carried out during the past three years, the conditions at present, the secretary says, are such that everything necessary toa first class fighting ship can be produced and furnished to the department in this country as soon asin the course of construct on any element or feature is re- quired, but this has never, until the present time, been true, and therefore the considera- | ot the subject has been necessarily postponed by the department untii now. The efforts of the department in ship construction have necessarily since March, 1885, been devoted to unarmored vessels and as the department is able to report when the ships in course of construction and those authorized shall have been coimplet-d, the Uni ed States will rank second among the nations in possession of If a yond fee'ing is tote cultivated between Our -ympathies are wih those who advo- | ten cate “de! nse. not defiance,” and thereby we half miles. Another object of Colonel Pur. come to the same resuts as cur author, | 80s’ visit is to get throagh a bill to appro- We want to see a thor ughly crganized sys- priate money to carry out the provisions of tem of naval reserve and cast defense, both| he act for the establisnment of lighthouses as to men and m:terials. We want to see ar- | 20d fog signals passed last session, and se- ers”? having the highest characteristics of siz», 3,000 tons and upward, possessing , Of niuetven Knots and upward... ——— Cotonex R. C. Parsons arrived at Wash- ington trum Cleveland for the purpose of union on his ines would be of no value; it pushing as rapidly as possible the bill for | w ud be a source of weakness, not of strength | 'Y€ cowpletion ot the S:. Clair Fiats im- provement, which was reported unani- mously from the committee on rivers and harbors last September, but failed of con- /sideration in the house because of the lack of a quorum. The colonel is also interested ward. Bu if on ei her side f the line good | 2 securing snappropriation of $150,000 to ‘aith subserve, political ends andfimpossible | Create & now channel at Grosse Point, the same to be about 1,000 feet wide and nine- eure addilioval legislation to the end that all the lighthouses and fog signa.s asked for by the Cleveland Vessel Owners’ A-socia- tion may be established. It is a question as to whether the Grosse Point improvement billshould be passed as an independent mensiire or incorporated In the river and harbor bill that is to be prepired, ee IN MEMORIAM. There was buried yesterday afternoon at Woodmere, Captain Frank L, Bayliss, late of ;Unarmored cruisers or “commerce destroy- |. speed terest and value to feet deep for a distance of two anda | a copy of the resolutio: committee was appointed, under frank of Conger a report of the ec Requesting the. favor. were opened for the re: yards of material at Toledo against. Having exposed the injustice, we will now notice the unsoundness of this so-called remedy, Would any reflecting man gay that the higher the premium the more profitable the business? This would in- deed be true as regards treights, but as far as the vessels are concerned it is difficult to imagine a more thorough delusion. We are not speaking unadvisedly, for facts have, and always will, coufirm the statements we advance, viz: that higher rates of iusurance on the bodies of vesrels mean only more loss to the underwriter. By his extortion he puts it outof the power of many a well ce meaning owner to spend money in keeping server must in these cases rely upon his own resources, and discretlon, causing the mariner to remark that if he had to meet storms every- time they were signalized as being probable to occur, then the haif of the season would have to be passed in enforced idleness so far as the navigation of his vessel was concerned: Hence the needs of a large floating industry are not fully met by the present system of weather forecasts, and a mode: ate revision of the rules would meet with a wide approval amonget the marine community. ‘Ihe wind direction signals would be simplified by having a square flag to represent each of the eardinal points of the compass, and the veloc ity shown at each station by exhibiting a me- | policy might render availab'e. the steamer Thos. W. Palmer, of the lake mar- ine. The first intimation that Captain Bayliss had of the encroachments of disease was an at. tack of bronchitis about two years ago, Hig life might have been prolonged indefinately if merce of any aggressive country off the sea or | bis devotion to bis profession had not led to ex- ry agg’ y posures which would have been severe upon the the services of » superior fleet of ironand stee) steamships, fleet and stable, to take the pace of regular naval ships, atle to drive the com- lakes The same measures applied to seamen |} srdiest seaman. He thought of nothing but his would secure the superi rservice of a budy | duty and exaggerated its dewands upon his en- of blue jackets wh» might be relied on to one a —_ re a A brave Boe els . . . mariner es t wan such cruisers as we migh be able.to ob-| transaction of business a dan see inate tain under this arrangement. There is little | ing with men, remarkabie even in those trained room to dispute that if the governme'it should | {¢ the counter. He was as chivalrous in his ideas of duty to kis profession as any knight forward the views of ‘he pe ple throughout | the olden phy His failing healt. source the country to establish @ naval reserve for a| him to leave his post as captain in August, since consideration such as has been heretofore out- apr Pptrart pent Ree oo gc oak ee” lined in these columns. B-sides there are] at the bm Be ~ Rina pre Neff, at Treuto ti where‘all that the han affection could e: many other means which the means of high tend soothed bis dying pillow. He was mar a tion of $150,000, made availh of last August. The work pro gin in the spring and be com, first of October, 1889, As vertising fourteen bids were re resenting firms in all sectic try, the cities of ( Minn., Mobile, Ala., naw and Detroit, City, Pa. Lorain, O., and € represented. The prices rai een cents per yard to fo: scow measure, regarded as high. The Connelly & Co., of Per LAKE CARRIERS’ ASSOCIATION. TO CONSIDER ANO TAKE ACTION UPON ALL GENERAL QUESTIONS RE LATING TD) THE NAVIGATION AND CARRYING BUSINESS OF THE GREAT LAKES AND THE WATERS TRIBUTARY THERETO, WITH THE INTENT TO IMPROVE THE CHARACTER OF THE SERVICE RENDEREO TO THE PUBLIC, TO PRO- TECT THE COMMON INTEREST OF LAKE CARRIERS, AND PROMOTE THEIR GENERAL WELFARE: BOARD OF MANAGERS, 1888, I'nomMas MARTIN, - - - = Osw 1 tig James ASH, = = - - Businio? Nee W. BULLARD, - - - . - Boffo, N.Y, 8S. D, CALDWELL, President - - Butialo, N.Y, EE. T. Evans, eae Buffalo, N.Y, W. P. Henry, - se - Butido, N.Y, P.P. MILLER, + - = = = Buftebo, N.Y, 3 Frank J. FirtH, Vice President, - Bebe, Pa, M. A. BRADLEY, < - - - eveland, 0. H.M. HANNA, - - = = = Cleveland, 0. THoMAs WItson, Vice President, - aad, A. W, Cotton, - - - - - ledo, O. James W. MILLEN, Vice President, -Detroit, Mioh, KeBR Wann | oad ies en rs roit, Mich. JAMES DAVIDSON, = - - - Bay Oty, Mic Jos AUSTRIAN,- = + = © Whieago) TIL i W.M.EGan, = - Ira H. Owen, Vice President, « RP. Firz@eRALD,= = = Davip VANCE, - = > * = Milwaukee, W \uex McDouGaLy, - - - Duluth, Minn, HARRY MURPHY, Seoretury, - - Buffaio, N. ys JAS. CAREY EVANS, Treasurer, - MARINE RECORD—OFFICIAL PAPER, NAVAL RESERVE MOVEMENT, © A resolition wis unanimously adopted by the New York boar! of trade and transpor- tation Oc’ober 10th, 1888 as follows: : Wuereas, In anticipation of national a legislation providing a naval re:erye for the United States, the state of Massachusetts hag authorized, by a recently enacted law, the __ otganization of her naval militia, and it is publicly announced thut other states, appre- ciating the value of organized trained bodies who may be readily utilized in defense of their exposed coasts and sei-ports. are tak. ing similar steps to make effective the pro. — posed United States naval reservelaw; there _ fore, : Resolved, That the president of the New, York board of trade and transportation appoint a committee of five members to con- sider this question and report thereon to thia board, if deemed advisable, by bill for in- troduction inour state legislature at the coming session, or, in such manner asin the jadgment ofthe committee will best promote the end proposed. fee The following committee was appoint by the president. Chairman, Mr. Aaron Vanderbilt of the Ward Line, 113 Wall street General Elward L. Mdlinueax, of CG. Riynolds & Co., 106 Fulton street; Mr. Wm. Kribs, of Jobnson and Higgins, — Wall street; Captain Ferdinand P. Bar Hotel Normandie and Earle’s hotel: Thornton N. Motley 26 Liberty st (Copy) THE NEW YORK BARD AND TRANSPORTATIO: ROOMS OF prepare a bill for intro proaching ¢ Your v haye been requested ions and opinions make public, : T enclose herewith, for touching a United. Tremain truly yours A ry D Naval Re: Committee on trade and transportation, i= Asa up his vessel and the vessel, has to do with- out needful sustention in consequence. But the story is an old one now, as we have shown on a previous occasion. Trans-at- lantic underwriters have threshed the sub- ject bare, and we have their experience to reach us. For many years it has been next to impossible to get them to touch the bod- ies of vessels except in very special instan- talic flag, ball, or cone. More attention told with an accuracy that would be highly beneficial to the numbers who watch the prognostications emanating from the signal service station in their locality, as stations frequently, occupy an elevated position. Es- pecially in large towns, an intelligent observer be a positive duty of the government and its] arrive, He was born in Savannah, Ga., thirt: energies must not be allowed to relax, but the establishment of a trained paid or volunteer engineer corps,or both,must co-exist to a suffi- | He lived without re cient extent, and a thr ugh system of enrull- ment fur a naval reserve should be taken in | ten : To grant subsidies to ourships as suggested | formerly of Trenton. might also be paid to the humidity of the at- by the the author of the ‘Battle of the Swash” | live but « few hours he said he would die like a mosphere and impending rain storms, fore-|and provide guns and defen-es, is shown to last fall to Miss Georgia Johnston, of Toront When told that he coud | {8 satlatactory if they essary plant to complet required time. A di will not be arrived at an and without a murmur, only he wa to inst till some friends who were A the pe could six years ago, and was educated atour pu! The Mes-rs, Conn ss est in this case, are. fear, The obsequies ses for Mr, S ces and then only with reluctance. They know well that with freights they get a fair average, but with hulls they donot. A few of them persisted in the idea that any risk might be taken provided they got a ‘good enough price for it, and their persistance caused them the loss of the whole or a great { part of their capital. They found that ought to bé on duty through the night, who besides taking the u:ual measure, noting the instrument, etc., should beable to calculate, and watch for astronomical phenomena, tak- ing particulars of occultations, configurations, meteoric showers, direction of shooting stars and the many other valuable points of re- search, which are desired in connection with preparedvess muy no longer attach to us asa nation, to the defenseless condition of the seacoast and lake frontiers, and liberal and immediate | Hat action is recommended looking to the effect- | fy ive defense of our principal sea porta, ring. hand without delay, s» that the stigma of un-| ‘elt. | Among ‘The attention of congress. is again invited | chen te lnpusae Jr, Toba‘