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‘which hung by a stout arm of: nearly three - inches square. Pong = 5) gs ; EZ ~DEVOTED..TO ~- COMMERCE, was Fem P25. 25 F VOL. V. NO 24. CLEVELAND, O., JUNE 16 1883. $2.00 Par ANNUM SINGLE Copixs 6 CENTS, LIGHTHOUSE TERRORS. If those on shore are awed by the terrible | violence of the winds and waves during a | tempest, what must be the experiences ot men who live in a building exposed to the full fury of the heavy ocean breakers! When we look at a lighthouse in calm weather, it is almost impossible to realize that the sea sometimes breaks over the lantern. Such is, however, trequently the case, and an instance of this occurred not long after the completion ot the Blshop’s Rock Light, which is erected on a rock beyond the Scilly Island, far out in the Atlantic. One of the builders told of a heavy sea striking under the lantern and carrying away the fog-bell, A few years ago the light- house keepers on this rock were in a terrible predicament during a hurricane, the violence of which was described as being fearful. The lighthouse was struck by enormous waves in quick succession, each causing a noise like the discharge of a cannon, and making the massive stone building rock to and fro, so that every artical tell away from its place. One fearful sea broke the great Jens in several pieces, and another smashed the cylinders of the. spare Jight, while sand from the bottom thirty fathoms deep, was found heaped. up on the light- house gallery. ‘I'he power of these unbroken masses of water is so great that lately, at Wick, one of these shocks moved ‘‘a concrete f four hundred tons built up in situ.” LIFE SAVING SERVICE. After the first of June the stations of the Life Saving Service will be designated by | name and not by number as heretofore: { NINTH DISTRICT—EMBRACING LAKES ERIE | AND ONTARIO—NEW YORK, PA., OHIO KENTUCKY. Big Sandy.—East side of mouth of Big Sandy Creek, Lake Ontario. Salmon Creek.—East Side of mouth of Salmon Creek, Lake Ontario. Oswego.—Entrance of Oswego Harbor, Lake Ontario. 7 Charlotte.—Entrance of Charlotte Har- bor, Lake Ontario. Buffalo.— Buffalo Harbor, Lake Erie. Erie,—Entrance of Erie Harbor, Lake Erie. Fairport.—Entrance of Fairport Har- bor Lake Erie. Cleveland.—Entrance of Harbor, Lake Erie. Point Marblehead.—Marblehead _ Is- land, near Quarry Docks, Lake Erie. Louisville.—Falls of the Ohio River, | _‘ Lovisville, Ky. TENTH DISTRICT.—EMBRACING LAKES HURON, AND SUPERIOR—MICHIGAN. Sand Beach.—Inside-the harbor, Lake | woe ba} loresl) - ow wm Cleveland o Huron. 2 Point aux Barques.—Near light, Lake | Huron. | 3 Grindstone City.—1 mile northwest of city, Lake Huron. Ottawa Point, (Tawas).—Neéar light, ; Lake Huron, Sturgeon Point.—Near light, Lake Hu- | ron. 6 Thunder Bay Island.—Near light, Lake | Huron. 7 Middle Island.—North end of Middle Island, Lake Huron, Hammond’s Bay.—Hammond’s Bay, , Lake Huron, Vermillion Point.—10 miles west of White Fish Point, Lake Superior, Crisp’s.—16 miles west of White Fish | Point, Lake Superior. n 9 10 11 T'wo-Hearts River.—Near mouth of ! T'wo-Heart River, Lake Superior. 12 Muskalonge Lake.—Near mouth ot Sucker River, Lake Superior, ELEVENTH DISTRICT.—LAKE MICHIGAN, ILLI- | NOIS AND WISCONSIN, Reaver Island.— Near light. North Manitou.—-Near wharf, Point Betsey.—Near light. Manistee.—In the harbor, \ Grand Point au Sable.—Near light. | Pickard’s | owe, NN | ground purposes, | Ttalian and Freneh, using t \ affability at the hotel where he resided, and 7 Ludington.—In the harbor, 8 Muskegon.—In the harbor at. Port Sherman. 9 Grand Haven.—Entrance of harbor, 10 Saint Joseph.—In the harbor, 11 Chicago.—In the harbor. 12 Evanston,—Evanston, II]., on North- weastern University grounds. 13 Kenosha.—In the harbor on Washing- ton Island. 14 Racine.—In- harbor, 15 Milwaukee.—Near entrance of harbor, 16 Sheboygan.—Entrance of harbor, 17 ‘I'wo Rivers.—Entrance of harbor, * SUBMARINE WIRES. Scientiftic American: Our London con- temporary Nature has an artical on the above subject in which it says wires. are almost invariably carried “underground through towns.. Copper wire insulated with gutta-percha, incased in iron pipes, is the material used. There are 12,000 miles ot underground wire in the United Kingdom. There isa great outcry for more under- ground work in England, owing to the des- truction to.open lines by gales and snow- stcrms; but underground telegraphs, wire for wire, cost at present about four times as much as overground lines, and their capacity for the conveyance of messages is only one- fourth; so that overground are, ‘com- mercially, sixteen times better than under- ground wires. ‘I'o lay the whole of the Post Office aystem underground would mean an t. £2 Hence to put wires’ un nd except in towns, Besides snowstorms are few and far between, and their effects are much exaggerated. Of the numerous ma- terials and compounds ‘that have been used for insulating purposes, guttapercha re- mains the oldest und the best for under- [t, like all other material used for telegraphy, has been improved vastly through the searching power thag the | current gives the engineer. : The past ten years have seen the globe, covered with a network of wables. Subma- rine telegraphs have become a solid property. They are laid with facility and recovered with certainty, even in the deepest oceans. Thanks to such expeditions as that of H. M. S. Challenger, the floor of the ocean is be- coming more familiar than the surface of many continents. ‘There are at present 80,- 000 miles of cable at work, and £30,000,000 have been embarked in their establishment. A fleet of twenty-nine ships is employed in laying, watching, and repairing the cables. Tne Atlantic is spanned by nine cables in working order ‘The type of cable used has | been but very little varied from that first made and laid between Dover and Calais; | but thecharacter of the materials, the quality of the copper and the gntta-percha, the breaking strain of the homogeneous iron wire, which has reached ninety tons to the ' square inch, and the machinery for laying have received such great advances that the last cable laid across the Atlantic, by the Telegraph Construction and Maintenance Company, was done in twelve days without a hitch or stoppage. THE PIRATES OF BARATABIA. Much ink has been spilled from that day to this to maintain that they sailed under letters of marque. But certainly no ecom- mission could be worth the unrolling when carried by men who had removed themselves beyond all the restraints that even seem to ‘distinguish privateering from piracy. ‘They / were often overstocked with vessels and booty, but they seem never to have been em- barrassed with the care of prisoners. ‘There lived at this time in New Orleans John and | Pierre Lafltte. John, the younger but more | conspicuous of the two, was a handsome man, fair, with black hair and eyes, wearing his beard, as the fashion Was, shaven neatly back from the front of his face. His man- her was generally courteous, though he was irascible and in graver moments somewhat harsh, He spoke fluently English, Spanish, hem with much indicating, in the peculiarities of his French his nativity in the city of Bordeaux. ‘The . elder brother was a sea-faring man and had served in the French Navy. He appears to have been everyway less showy than the other, but beyond doubt both men were above the occupation with which they began life in Louisiana. ‘This was the trade of blacksmith, though at their forge,,on the corner of St. Phillip and Bourbon streets, probably none but slave hands swung the sledge or shaped the horseshoe. It was dur- ing the embargo enforced by the United States Government in 1808, that John La- fitte began to be a merchant. His store was in Royal street, where, behind a show of legitimate trade, he was busy running. the embargo with goods and Africans. He wore the disguise carelessly. He was cool and intrepid and had only the courts to evade, and his unlawful adventures did not lift his name from the published lists of managers of society balls. or break his acquaintance with prominent legislators. * * * John and Pierre Lafitte became the commercial agents of the “privateers.’’? By and by they were their actual chiefs. They won great prosperity for the band; prizes were rich and frequent and slave cargoes profitable. John Lafitte did not at this time yo to sea. He equipped vessels, sent them on their cruises, sold their prizes and slaves, and moved hither and thither throughout the delta, administering affairs with boldness and sagacity. ‘Che Mississippi’s “cousts’’ in the parishes‘of St. James and St. John the Bapust were often dstir with his own pres- ence, and his smaller vessels sometimes Fierced the interior as far as Lac des Alle-, « i dde-knew.thevalue.of popular ad-, miration, “an ee “at ohn a where he enjoyed the fame of great ‘riches and courage, and seduced many of the sim- ple Acadian youth to sail in his cruises. His i two principal captains were Beluche and Dominique You. “Captain Dominique” was small, graceful, fair, of a pleasant, even at- tractive face, anda skillful sailor. ‘there was also Gambi, a handsome Italian, who died only a few years ago at the old pirate village of Cheniere Caminada, and Rigoult, adark Frenchman, whose ancient house still stands on Grande Isle, the stand next to Grande Terre on the west. And yet again Johnness and Johannot, unless—which ap- pears likely—these were only the real names of Dominique and Beluche.—G@. W. Cable in | the Century. | Atlanta. So of the taste and touch. A new application of the principle of the telephone might enable you to remain In Atlanta and kiss your wife in London, or taste a berry in Paris. ‘The telephone has alrendy made a clumsy siep in this direction for the sight. We would have thought a man crazy a decade ago who said you could stand in New York in 1883 and hear every note ofa concert in Boston. Quite as crazy as the man wno now predicts that in 1903 you may sit down in Atlanta, see a theatrical 'repre- sentation in Cincinnati, smell a bouquet in New Orleans, taste a fresh oyster in Balti- more, and shake hands with a friend in Savannah, all atthe same time. In these days it is only the impossible that happens.” —Altlanta Constitution. BE .HOPEFUL. It is an easy thing to be a pessimist, and often more popular to be a disseminator of bad news and a prophet ‘of evil than a promoter of hopefulness. It is easy to take a doleful view of the future, let the present be what it may, and to predict all sorts of impending calamities. And the journal that deals most recklessly in ill omens for the time is’ popular, and !ooked upon as embodying wisdom beyond. the ken of ordinary obseryers. It gains a reputation - of far—sighted conservatism, of being a valiant guardian of public guardian of pub- lic interests, a vertiable segis of the nation. The pessimist policy is not only usually popular, but is safe and easy to pursue. The oe aerinn and people with distorted heads, and those whose gains are chiefly derived from busiress wreckage are gratified. It is safe for the reason that there are always events happening more or. less disastrous to which attention may be directed as con- firmatory of their predictions although they may bear no closer relation to the world ot trade than a shower in the Northwest does to the aquatic display in the time of Noah. If, on the contrary there should be no dis- turbance in the even current of trade, no local business cyclone, nothing is easier than to ignore all that has been predicted, or ascribe the non-appearanee of the evils for- told to unexpected intervening causes. ‘The pessimist policy can be pursued with the greatest facility. It requires no display STEAMERS FOR SOUTH AMERICA. | South American parties are negotiating | with the extensive works of D. W. C. Car- roll & Co., of Pittsburg for a number of steamers for South American rivers, which | will be put in South America by the skilled workmen of the firm sent over there for that purpose. Messrs. Carroll & Co. are proba- | bly the most extensive boiler makers in the United States, their products being sent all over the United States. ‘heir specialty is | the manufacture of all descriptions of heavy | plate iron work. They also build iron hulls and barges and wrought iron bridges, and every variety of sheet iron work. ‘he works were established in 1835, and cover a great deal of ground, employing a great many hands, with as clever men in Mr. Car- , roll and his partner at the helm as ever owned and conducted s0 large an institution. Mr. Carroll, the senior member, commeuced lifé as a steamboat engineer, and to-day is not only one of the wealthiest men of Pitts- burg, but an honored citizen, holding prom- inent positions in important companies, and is one of the most prominent Masons of the State.—Marime Journal. SHALL WE SMELL BY TELEPHONE. Lasked Judge Bleckley to. other night what he thought would be the direction of invention and progress the next thirty years. “f should say,” he replied, “the application of the principle of the telephone to the other senses. A few yeunrs ago the distance at whieh you could hear a sound was limited. Now it is practically without limit. You can smell a flower only at ashort distance. | I do not see why a telephone for the nose | might not enable you to smell a rose in New | York, even though you were located in ; arguments, of facts, no statistics ot trade, and no logical Indeed, facts, statistics, and arguments areignored. Mere assertion that gloom impends, repeated in varying tones trom day to day, is sufficient for the purpose. ‘To express convictions of hopefulness when hope exists, requires, in thes timese, a degree of courage for which the present offers but slender reward. ‘I'o disagree with the pes- simitic sentiment now abroad is to assume the risk of being called to account by not only the over sanguine, who always are in- clined to illadvised ventures, but by the more conservative, if the outcome falls below their expectations.—ZJndicator. ro A cotton picker of simple and inexpensive construction, and designed to be operated by hand, has been patented by Mr. George N. ‘Todd, of Little Rock, Ark. The invention consists of a light frame with sides converg- ing at the front end, and provided on the oucside with canvas to prevent the cotton boll from being thrown off and falling to the ground. ‘The machine is mounted on wheels, and is propelled by hand directly over the cotton row, so that each plant is brought successively between the inner sides of the machine and in contact with the cyl- inder rollers, which are rotated by the re- volution of the wheels of the machine. The pickers are arranged horizontally one above the other in two series on each side of the passage way, and being geared together by a continuous train of wheels, are made to rotate toward one another in pairs, so that the cotton will be effectually stripped from the bush and lodged in spaces on each side of the case, whence it may be removed and placed in baskets at the end of each row.— Scientific American, $= The wrecked schooner Kate Howard ts be- ing rebuilt at Chicago,