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“ — Ehe Marine Record. A Journal devoted to Commerce, Navigation and Science, Published Weekly BY ALANSON WILCOX, Editor & Proprietor, aT CLEVELAND, OHIO. Office No. 2, South Water Street. TERMS: $2.00 per Annum. INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE, AGENTS ARE WANTED IN EVERY PORT. ADVERTISING RATES. Ten cents per ‘line solid Nonparicl measurement. Twelve lines of Nonpariel set solid make one‘inch, Twenty cents per line for reading notices, solid minion measurement. Articles, letters and queries on all subjects are solici- ted. 8@-The Editor assumes no responsibility for the opinions of, correspondents. To insure notice, contributors must give name and address, und write on one side of the paper only. THE MARINE RECORD has an Agent in every port on the Lakes and Rivers, abd will consequently circu- late more or less in all of them. Asa medium for advertising it has no superior, as it circulates among a class of people that can be reached in no other way.. EDITORIAL NOTES. EMGENE ALLEN, collector of customs at Ludington, Mich., corrects a report as to the depth of water in that harbor, and says it is thirteen feet gooc. Herman Winter and Frank S. Manton, have jointly invented and patented a very useful improvement in power windlasses, in- tenced to remedy some of the diffienlties which have heretofore existed from want of a single unyielding bed, common to engine and windlass. On the 6 of June there were 2,000,000 bushels of grain in store at Milwaukee, and several of the elevators were crowded, but it was impossible to get cargoes for vessels, and several of the grain carriers are going into the oil and lumber trade, which will havea tendency to cut rates on these freights. Ludington rates were cut by the grain car- riers going into the lumber trade at this port, Revorts from Washington say bids for new steel cruisers will be opened at the Na- vy Department July 2. Secretary Chand- ler has given notice that the maximum amounts which the Navy Department will pay for the construction of these vessels are as follows: For four thousand-ton ship Chicago, $1,248,000; for three thousand-ton ships Boston and Atlanta, $783,500 each; for dispatch boat, not yet named, 339,000, and no bids in excess of these figures will be considered. In Chicago the tugs are charged with vio- lating the city ordinance against smoke nui- sance and the owners are cited to appear before Justice Hammer in the South Divis- ion Police Court June 18. There is some talk among the tug owners of making a test vase tor the United States Court and obtain- ing an injunction on the city until it is de- cided, but the probability is that the tugs will cemply with the law by burning hard coal, it being pretty generally conceded that none of the so-called smoke consumers really do away with the soft coal smoke, As this-is costlier 20 per cent. may be added to the towing rates. Ir has been stated several times recently in the colums of the MARINE RecorD that sailing vessels on the lakes are becoming less important as steam craft are multiplied. On the ovean, however, according to the Mari- time Reporter, sailing vessels hold their place. American shipbuilding yards are busy, many of them having large sized sailing*ves- sels on the stocks. Itis stated by those who should know that sailing ships for long voy- age trades have paid well, and the indica- tions are that the sailing vessel is not yet prepared to retire permanently from the ocean. It will be said of course that this is the last effort of a dying industry, but the industry is taking time over the operation and evidently intends to prolong itself for some time. Tuer Chicago. Inter-ocean describes the pew propeller City of St. Joseph, of Graham & Morton’s line, which arrived in Chicago on her maiden trip. She is medium dimen- sions, and is a handy business boat. Her model is good, she is strongly built and well finished and thoroughly equipped, Her steam power is good, She has full length cabins, and is designed for. the pas- senger and freight traffic. ‘I'he City of St. Joseph, on the line between Chicago and St. Soseph and Benton Harbor fills a want and will enjoy a large patronage. Graham & Morton are fair toward their patrons, and have built up aname and fame that will prove lasting. ‘The new craft is a credit to builders and owners alike, and we wish her a long and lucky career. From this time forward she will make regular trips. ‘THe census report relating to the glass in- terest in this country will soon be published, It contains the most information on this subject of any work ever published. ‘The statistical part of the report gives the number of establishments in the United States, their classification into manufactories of plate glass, window glass, glassware, and green bottle glass, the number of furnaces, num- ber of employes, wages paid, materials used, cost of materials, quantity of product, etc. The statistics of the glass industry in Europe are used for comparison. ‘Che technical part of. the report covers the quality of glass manufactured; how the materials used in the process are made; a general description of the process of manufacture; the charac- ter of native materials for making glass 2s compared with the materials from other countries, ete. The glass monograph also contains the history of its manufacture from the earhest times in Egypt down to the year 1880. Its manufacture in every nation of the old world has been carefully traced and a most interesting chapter written about it. The history of the industry in Western Penngylvania, trom the time of Willigm Penn, has also been carefully traced, Ir seems that some ships have recently been lost by overloading, Itis to be hoped that this is not a common practice. A Lon- don Nautical Magazine, when the leading ‘marine secretary of the Board of ‘l'rade was its editor, said: “The Board of Trade have no pewer to prevent an overladen ship from proceeding to sea if she is seaworthy in oth- er respects. Section 10, Merchant Shipping Act, 1871. Seamen may refuxe to go to sea in an overloaded ship (see section 7).”” ‘This ig really a refreshing legal and official decis- ion. A ship may be a good one—tigh,: staunch and strong—and calculated to cariy 1,000 tons in perfect satety, yet the Crown officers have no legal right to stop her from loading say 2,000 tons on board, which any one connected with ships knows to be a dan- gerous quantity in comparison to her capac- ity and strength. ‘The sailor may refuse to go on her, but so long as the underwriter does not object, the Board of ‘Trade will net interfere. Why? Because it would or might lessen the profits of the owner, who, if his ship makes the voyage in safety. earnsa a large amount of freight; and if lost, the underwriter pays him more for her than she is worth, and the shipbuilder secures anoth- er contract; so, all hands round, except the drowned sailor are satisfied. A TRIP TO MUSKEGON. Through -the kindness and courtesy of Captain Alexander Smith, of the fine schoon- er Charles KE. Wyman, our correspondent enjoyed a very nice trip from Chicago to Muskegon and back. He says the Charles E. Wyman is one of the best lumber schoon- ers on the lakes, and as good a vessel as ever sailed, well manned, victualed and found and as comfortable and almost as speedy as ayacht. She is 130 feet length of keel, 30 feet breadth of beam and 9 feet depth of hold, carries three masts which are of great proportions and enables her to carry a very large amount of canvas. She was built by Duncan Robertson, of Grand Haven, last year for C, E, Wyman, also of that place, and is a vessel of which her builder, owner and captain may well feel proud. We start- ed from Chicago as soon as the bridge ordi- nance would alloy us on Wednesday even- ing, starting fiom Mason’s wharf in tow of the tug E. P. Ferry, and got off the water works cribat 8 p. m. ‘he schooner. David Macy being just astern of us, tound for Grand Haven, all sails were at once set on both the vessels to try their merits. ‘The C. E. Wyman took the lead and maintained it all the way. In fact, when the morning came the D. Macy could only be seen with the aid of a glass, and we arrived at Muske- gon sometime before the Macy got to Grand Haven. We left Muskegon onFriday ever- ing about 6 p. m., in company with the schooner Fleetwing, and shortly afterwards saw the D. Macy off Grand Haven, about 12 miles to windward, We had a steady breeze all night and made our way to Chicago with our sails close hauled, and got ip nearly two hours ahead of the Fleetwing and the D. Macy. Captain A. Smith is determined that the Charles E, Wyman shall hold her own against any vessel on the lakes. CHICAGO’S MAY COMMERCE. In a recent issue of the ‘limes is given a report showing the arrivals and clearances at the several ports in the Chicago district for the Month of May, 1883, discriminating as to kind, number and tonnage, and also between American and British vessels en- gaged in the foreign trade. ‘The report does not show any actual increase in the number of vessels over the number for the same month last year, but there is a large in- crease shown in the tonnage. This increases the actual carrying capacity ot our lake ma- rine about 10 per cent.—a very handsome showing. ‘The class of vessels built during the past year were as arule larger and bet- ter equipped than the average of any pre- ceeding year. ‘These vessels are gradually taking the place of the smaller vessels, which, as'they become unfit for the grain, carrying secvice go into the-lumber. trade. As fast as the old lumber boats are worn out better ones take their places, 13 witness the increased number of fine steambarges now engaged in the lumber trade. Thus it will be seen that the character of the vessels which compose our lake navy is steadily improving. Gradually but surely the old boats are being replaced by new ones of larger capacity, and the sail craft. are giving way to the speedier and surer steamboots: ARRIVALS AT PORT OF ‘CHICAGO. Kind Number. Tonnage. Steam 476 248,815 Sail 888 124,499 Total 364 873,314 SOUTH CHICAGO. 16 11,727 24 11,164 20 22,891 24 3,622 24 3,593 Total oe tees ese nes soe see ses ace! 48 7,218 RECAPITULATION FOR DISTRICT. 516 264,166 936 139,259 1,452 403,423 ENGAGED IN FOREIGN TRADE, . American vessels. 4 1,232 British vessels ........ 5 2,103 DORAL scccecssagarsgasssssh tba vesssgacsmapaaas? 9 3,335, EARANCES FROM PORT OF CHICAGO, 493 260,414 915 219,004 + 1,413 479,418 SOUTH CHICAGO, . 10 7,668 33 10,722 43 18,390 CITY. 24 8,524 2B 3,763 simu’ 80 7,287 REAPITULATION FOR DISTRICT. Steam 532 371,606 Sail... 963 233,489 Total. .1,495 505.095 ENGAGED IN FOREIGN TRADE» American vessels. 17 5,439 British vessels. 7 2,698 Totvl . 24 8.137 The receipts of iron and coal for the month of May were as follows (tons) : IRON, Tron ore Pig iron. Total . COAL. : sidiaanateresaad aduasectio nis tacoet LOAN LOT The coal receipts for the same month last year were only 68,621 tons, a gain this year of 54,486 tons. SALT. The amount of salt reccived was 49,966 barrels and 300 tons in bulk, ‘This is about the amount received for the corresponding period of last year. Lenn The receipts of lumber at Chicago June 9, were 12,000,000 feet. | NEW WELLAND CANAL. _ The Chicago Inter Ocean follows Captain John Keith through the new Wellard canal to Kingston with the schooners Halsted, Homer and J. B. Gardner. He reports the waters in Port Colborne and Port Dalhousie as ample for the deepest draught vessels— 163g to 17 feet in both harbors and the same at the elevators. No delay need occur, Over the aqueduct the water is twelve feet. It took sixteen hours while moving to go through. ‘Ihe locks are large and comimo- dious—275 teet between the gates, 45 feet wide and 12g to 13 feet deep. Arriving at Port Dalhousie, each vessel’s lighterage was awaiting her and was sent aboard in a very short time. As to the cost of lightering, he gives tariff rates, which in- cludes taking out, transporting and putting back into vessel. ‘The canal charges are as follows: ‘Lolls on cargo carried through in vessel, 20 cents per ton ot 2,000-Ibs.; 22 cents on register tonnage of vessel; towing from Port Colborne to Port Dalhousie, 20 cents per ton register; harbor towing in and out, additional, but reasonable. ‘The new Welland canal, when completed, will be all it was intended for, and the Wel- land Railway will always be as necessary to its success as any portion of it, Superin- tendent Ellis, of the canal; President Mur- rit, of the Welland Railway, and their'em- ployes I cannot speak too highly of, being courteous and obliging in every particular. “When the new acqueduct is tinished, will that increase the trade of the canal?” : “Undoubtedly, as it will increase the depth of water 8 or 10 inches, which would allow the vessels referred to to pass through without lightering, saving thereby about $150 each way, or $300 on the trip, an item to be considered just now; on eight trips during the season it would leave a net gain of $2,400, now paid out. “From my stand point the Canadian gov- ernment controls the situation. of cheap transportation, and will, it is expected exer- cise her power in the near future. It is said that the new Welland canal cost; in round numbers, $12,000,000. Add to this the pur- chase of the Welland Railroad, $2,000,000, the amount estimated by the engineer of the canal to deepen it to fourteen feet, and it is evident: that this depth would be useless to meet the requirements of vessels a few years hence, or even now, whereas the railway. if incorporated into the canal system, would answer now and for all time to come. ‘I'his being done, abolish the tolls. Make free va- nals so that a vessel can lighter what is re- quired free of cost and pass on. If once free; Canada has the advantage of supporting, but seventy miles of canal against 345 miles of Erie canal. The former can pass at 16 feet (with lightering) cargoes of about 100,000 bushels to the latters 8,000, At present freights are 2 cents from Buttalo to Chicago and 4 cents to Kingston, ‘Take for example a steamer of 60,000 bushels capacity, light- ens 20,000 bushels (which is a fair propor- tion) at 14 cents, $300; tolls on 40,000 bushels, $224; total, $554, which increases the cost of transportation nearly 1 cent per bushel, or in other words, 3 cents to Kings- ton. Add to this 2 cents Kingston charges and freight from Kingston to Montreal. It can be delivered in Montreal for 5 cents against 634 cents from Chicago to New. York via Erie canal, and Montreal is 240 mil-s nearer Liverpool than New York, which ought to enable Montreal to take eare of the ocean trade. “With free Canadian canals, Oswego should regain her former trade, or at least share of the Buffalo trade, Freight is now ‘4 of a cent less to Oswego than to Kingston, and with 1 cent per bushel less (present ca- nal Charges) would leave 237 cents freight to Oswego, and with 196 miles of Evie canal against 345 miles from Buffalo, its geograph- ical position should offset the extra 34 of a cent by lake in excess of Buffalo. It is‘sate te say that if Chicago and Montreal were transposed more grain would go via the St. Lawrence and less via the Erie canal, but as transposition has not taken place Chicago will quietly look on and ship by the cheap- est route,’’ $$$ ae A St. Ignace corespondant says the steam- er Algomah is to be docked in a few days to be sheathed with steel so as to be able to | wrestle with the ice at the straits of Mackinac /hext winter,