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\ Ghe Marine Record. ESTABLISHED IN 1878. Entered according to the laws of the United States Post Office as second-class mail matter. ALANSON WILCOX, Editor and Proprietor, Published weekly at No. 2 South Water street, Cleve'and, Ohio. Branch office, No. 2 South Water street, Chicago. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One year, postage paid... Peres Six months, postage paid. Invariably in advance. ADVERTISIG RATES. Ten cents per line, nonperiel measurement, or $1.20 per inch, cach insertion; tour weeks $4.00; with a liberay discount on orders amounting to $40.00 or over. Articles, letters and queries on all subjects are solici- ted. 8@-The Editor assumes no responsibility for the opinions of correspondents. To insure notice, contributors must give name and address, and, write on one side of the paper only. THE MARINE RECORD has an Agent in every port on the Lakes and Rivers, and will consequently circu- late more or Jess in all of them. Asa medium for advertising it has no superior, as it circulates among a class of people that can be reached in no other way.. EDITORIAL NOTES. EaGie Lake Bar Harbor, it has been de- ‘cided, is nota portion of the ‘navigable waters of the United States.” Tue Cleveland Yacht Club has completed its arrangements for the coming Fourth of July regatta. The annual cruise of the ¢lub will take place August, and the fall regatta on the 10th of September. FRreEIGHTS have taken a fall. ‘The dollar ore trade from this port has been scaled, and the latest news from Buitalo is to the effect that a drop of ten or fifteen cents on coal has taken place. Whether it is temporary or not remains to be seen. Ir contracts made on Sunday, and verba) ones at that, are to be considered binding, as the Ilinois Supreme Court has just decided, vessel men should not be in ignorance of the fact. In logic, if not in law, a promise made on Sunday should in a sense be doubly bind- ing. THERE “seems to be a call for the protec- tion of the marine interests. A Canadian law prohibits American vessels from carry- ing passengers from one port to another, while America has no law to prevent Cana- dian vessels engaging in that traffic in our waters. ? THe fact, noted in Chicago papers that . grain carriers are getting tired of working in that trade for nothing, and many charter- ing for ore, will not increase the chances for better rates in either ore or coal. Still it is thought in Chicago, though for wnat reason is not stated, that there is an indication of an immediate advance in lake freights. New ORLEANS has a ceeper harbor than New York. Many of the vessels and steamers -out of the latter port dare not load above ‘twenty-four feet. It is anid that since January, of this year nine ocean steamers have been stranded on the bar which obstructs New York Bay. on the other hand, vessels draw- ing twenty-six feet have no difficulty in getting to sea from New Orleans. Iniview of the proposed meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of SciencefinJ Montreal in 1884, the different scientific and educational institutions of Philadelphia have appointed a committee to extend an invitation to the American associa. tion to meet inJthat city the same year, directly after the{Montreal meeting so as to increase the facilities fcr communication with the representative of the British associa- ‘tion. Engineering?states that the Commission of the Vienna Electric Exhibition is prepar- ing iron cases,for screens, for the protection of the watches of $those whose duty will earry them in the§ vicinity of powerful dynamo machines. The very ceric us mischief that was done to manygvaluable watches in the early days of electric lighting led to tie production of a machine by which the watch was steadily turned in front of a magnetic polel until was again (demagnetized; but it will no doubt, be more§ satisfactory to the owners of gaod watches to avoid the necessity of such experiments, STEAM VS. STEAM, It is not unlikely that marine business is hanipered in no small degree by the failure of mankind to keep up with his surround- ings. We are naturally slow, but progress, American progress, is rapid. In consequence those who do not keep up get left. ‘This sounds like a truism, but itis well enough some times to take up and examine what appear to be very common facts. Men doing business on our lakes to-day do not need to be gray to remember the time when sails were propertionately the only motive power, and when the screw was entirely unknown. We know that these conditions are transposed now, ‘Che screw has turned the sall into a helper or an incidental posses- sion. ‘The question is have men turned with the change. It has not tuken’a generation to affect this transposition, ‘To a large extent the same men are inthe field now who were there. Now it is our impression that our business men, instead of facing this condition of things squarely, have only turned half way, and are fighting the pro- blems ot lake transportation, according to an old saying, asa hog goes to war. The railroad and telegraph have aided in confus- in matters. It is not long ago that the reail, or personal intercourse were pretty much the only means of securing cargoes, and weeks rolled around between trips while the parties to the contracts were making up their minds. ‘Now all is dispatch and celerity, and hours are scarcely given when days were consumed before. Men change to some extent, itis true, but we must all admit that ft is a volatile man who accom- modates himself. to the ramification in- troduced by the telegraphic method of doing business. Weare none too quick, neither, in perceiving the effects of transferring of tonnage from small into larger craft. ‘There can be no doubt that these two causes alone have done more toward revolutionizing the carrying trade than even that accomplished ‘by the propeller screw. ‘I'hey -bring us to a partial apprehension of the impending battle between steam on land and steam on the water. Ifitisnot already upon us it must come. Far-seeing men are doubtless ‘| convinced that in many important respects the water has the advantage. ‘hey see that the land forces are better organized and perhaps better led but this will only make the war more active. In such an event it is the man of the hour—those who keep abreast, or a little in advance of the times— who will step in and sieze success. COMPOUND ENGINES. ; There is’ now being built at the Globe Iron Works, Cleveland, a compound engine, with a high pressure cylinder twenty-seven itiches in diameter low pressure fifty inches in diameter, with a thirty-six inch stroke, and a steam reversing engine. The boiler is of Otis steel, ten feet’ four inches in di- ameter, sixteen feet long, the shell being of five-eighths plate, to stand a test of one hundred and sixty-two pounds to the equare inch in accordance with the Caradian in- spection laws. The shell seams are treble rivited, with inside and outside butt straps. All the’ holes in this boiler are drilled sep- arately and then riveted the plates together, a mode, the importance of which vessel own- ers can see ata glance, preventing the drill burrs from forcing and keeping the severa! sheets or plates apart for the insinuation ot corroding rust and sand, as invariably oc- curs to the ordinary built boilers. This engine and boiler are to be placed in the steamer Calvin, now being built by Cal- vin & Son, at Garden Island. ‘The Calvin will be in Cleveland to receive her outfit in the course of a month or six weeks. ‘'his isan enterprise ot the Globe [ron Works which will induce other Canadian parties to come to Cleveland for this shipbuilding. Compound engines have also been placed in the steamers Superior and Chamberlain, Captain Bradley, and have greatly econo- nized in the consumption of tuel, as, before being compounded it usually required the consumption of atout one hundred and ninety tons of good quality of coal to enable either of them to make the trip from Cleve- land to Duluth, the same trip now requiring the consumption of only one hundred and thirty tons ofa very poor grade of coal an item worth looking after. hese compound engines were built by the Globe Iron Works and placed in the steamers this spring. BEA SICKNESS, The lakes have as many terrors for sea- sick people as salt water. A few facts gleaned from an article on the subject by Ropert W. Lovett, in the Popular Science Monthly will therefore be of interest.’ He says the most acceptable theory of to-day places the origin of the trouble in’ the inner ear. He describes this organ only 80 far as is necessary to understand this theory. ‘The inner ear isa membranous bag filled with fluid and situated in the solid bone. From the back part of this bag run out three semi- circular tubes, communicating at both their ends with the bag. ‘These run in three dif- ferent planes and ‘are lined with hair-like nerve filaments, which are much m ore abund. ant and more sensitive at the anterior part of the tubes. ‘he tubes are filled with li- quid, in which float little caleareons particles the otoliths. ‘These tubes are known as the semicircular canals. Sometime ago it was noticed that injury to these canals im- paired the sense of hearing in no way, but caused most curious effects in the loss of equilibrium. ‘I'he researches corroborating these facts are of no use here, but what is especially pertinent is, that irritation or in- jury to these canals results almost invaria- bly in vomiting. The mechanical explana- tion of why irregular motion should cause irritation of these canals, seems simple. By the pitching movements of the ship, which are by far, the.worst, the head is carried backward and forward through a long are. At the end of. the descent the head stops, but by its inertia the fluid in the canals rushes‘on and washes the. otoliths up against the nerve filaments at the front of the canals. These are extremely sensitive, and the repe- tition ot this process serves to produce an excessive irritation, which is expressed by giddiness and vomiting. Why such gradual motions should cause sea-siekness, while much more violent ones, such as horseback riding, do not, can only be explained by says ing thatin the more violent ones the indi- vidual has a stimulus to adapt his positions’ to the motion, which he has not in the often unnoticed pitching of a ship. Atany rate this theory explains why lying down should afford relief, as the otoliths then rest at the back and less sensitive part of the’ canals;: and it also explains why riding backward should cause nausea and giddiness, as here, of course, the otoliths drag behind and irri- tate the anterior parts of the canals, Moreover, in some recent inquiries ad- dressed to deaf mutes upon another subject, the fact was noticed that all who were insus- ceptible to dizziness on account of the im- pairment of their semicircular canals by dis- ease, reported themselves also exempt from sea-sickness. But the semicircular canals must not receive all the credit. ‘I'he viscera of the abdomen are very full of blood, and are irritated in sea-sickness, ‘and this condi- tion will cause vomiting, as shown by many experiments on animals. ‘The intestines are attached loosely to the backbone by a fold of membrane containing many large blood ves- sels. Ordinarily the intestines are held up and eupported in place by the muscles of the abdomen, and consequently do not drag too heavily on their attachment. But in sea- sickness, it is said, either on account of con- fused sensations sent to them from the irri- tated semi-circular canals, or because of the novelty and uncertainty of the motions‘of the ship, these muscles are unable to con- tract or relax at the proper time, thus af- fording but poor support to the intestines. Consequen:ly by their inertia the intestines bulge forward at the end of each descent of the ship, thereby stretching and irritating their attachment, and eventually the ab- dominal blood-veesels are engaged with blood, and this condition is expressed by vomiting; which is merely nature’s effort to equalize the circulation. There is probably a minor kind of sea-sickness, caused by the mere churning about of food in the stomach, irritating the nerves there as they would be irritated by a dose of mustard. This is of- ten the kind experienced in small boats and is at once relieved by vomiting. © The writer suggests no remedy for sea- sickness, and we shall offer no comment up- on his theory. It seems to invite the trav- eler, however, to keep a level head at sea, as well asa level stomach, even if he has to resort toa hammock suspended from a re- volving crane. YACHTING. A fine yacht, owned by S. V. Harkness is being finished at the iron ship yard of the Globe Iron Works. The yacht will be launched on Saturday. She is, seventy feet long, twelve feet beam and four feet deep. She is plated with three-sixteenths iron, the frame being eighteen-inch centers, and the floors three-sixteenths thick, with two sister keelsons made of angle iron the whole length, and a stringer of three-sixteenths iron on each sidé, the whole length, covered with wood and upholstered nicely to form seat and back. She is tinished with hard wood and the windows are of figured cut glass, altogether forming a very tasty combination, The yacht has two engines of seven inch bore by twenty-tour iuch stroke, made en- tirely of fine steel and wrought iron, with wrought iron feathering paddle wheels, which is something new in this country, Her boiler is five feet in diameter, nine feet long and made of five-sixteenths Otis steel, and is capable of carrying two hundred pounds of steam. This yacht is destined by Mr. Harkness for pleasure at his summer residence .near Fairport. The model was furiished by Cap- tain Nickerson, who is taking great pains to: make her one of the most elegant yaclits afloat. The new steamyacht Mermaid, Jaunched early in June at Quayle’s, sits in the water as gracefully as a swan. Her boilers were put in this week. She is being rapidly finighed and in the course of a ironth will bé-rpady to show her speed. Her owner, Captain Lohmeyer, designéd both her.model and machinery, the Jatter containing some new ideas he is desirous to test. It was put up under his supervision at the Variéty Iron Works. He thinks. it will drive her six foot wheel 200 revolutions per minute, which taust give her great speed. Her length is 112 feet over alll, width, 21 feet. She is intend- ed for pleasure and excursions and may go to the Islands on her trial trip. ° The Sandusky. yacht Alert is being over- hauled and put in ship shape for the Cleye- land regatta. She will leave here on Mon- day, July 2d for that point. . Her crew will consist of the following gentlemen: Ed. Zohoest, captain; Messrs, Charles and Lane Lockwood, Dewitt Herriman, Franz Huo- bard, George West and William Forde. The B. & O. and L. E. & W. R. R.’s have made arrangements to run excursions every Sunday from points along their respective roads tu Put-in Bay. HIS ONLY CHANCE, A passenger on a small steamer running along the American shore ot Lake Huron hunted out the captain and eaid: “Captain, the mate is drunk.” “Yes, I presume 80,” was the reply. “That’s his greatest fault--he -will get drunk.” \ Pretty soon the passenger returned. with further news. He had found that the chicf engineer had accidently been left behind. “Oh, well,” replied the captain, ‘some of the firemen will put her through all right.” In the course ot half an hour the passenger discovered that the boat was leaking, and he returned to the captain and reported, and added: ‘ “T expect nothing less than to be blown up before we reach Lexington.’’ “My friend,” said the captain in a fartherly way “thas your only chance. We won’t have a storm, the mate is sobering up, the boys have gone down to stop the leaks, and if we can’t blow you up and settle with your widow tor about $250, I'm afraid you'll live for several vears yet. ll go down and see if there is any chance for an explosion !”? er Although Russia has vast beds of ex- cellent coal she imports nearly half of what she uses chiefly through lack of internal communication. —_—_— = The latest addition to the English navy is the Calypso, whose beauty is in most agree- able contrast to the: amazing ugliness of vessels of the Inflexible and Devastation type. She is a fast steel cruiser, sheathed in wood, carried twelve breech-loaders of moderate calibre, and will take nearly as large a crew as some ot the ironclads which are three or four times her size, , |