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THE MARINE RECORD. THE ANCHOR LINE, From the Marine Engineer, London. The sailing of the City of Rome under the flag of the Anchor Line, marks another im- portant epoch in the development of steam- shipping enterprise in the port of Liverpool, She has been recently acquired by Messrs, Henderson Brothers of the famous Anchor Line, who have just established a service of first-class steamers between Liverpool and America. She has lately been docked on the Clyde for the purpose of receiving im- provemente in addition to those she had un- dergone at Barrow, and the result of a series of very successful trials showed an average speed of 183 nautical miles per hour. She is the largest steamer now actually afloat, and is second only in size to the Great East- ern, and, as is well-known, she was launched in June, 188], by the Barrow Shipbuilding Company. Her history while ‘connected with the Inman fleet is so tamiliar as not to need recapitulation, and suitice it to gay that her builders undertook certain improve- ments, which they confidently anticipate will make her equal, if not euperior, to the best steamship now. sailing from Liverpool to New York. Her tonnage amounts to 8,500 tons; she is 600 teet long, and 53 feet 3 inches beam, while her depth of hold is 37 teet. ‘Ihe boilers have been rearranged and added tc, so that now she has 63 furnaces contained in nine boilers of the double-en4d- ed type, as well as three of the single. ‘The engines have not been altered materially as to dimensions, except that three inches have been added to the diameter of the high pres- sure cylinders. At present they. stand at three cylinders of 46 inches in diameter for the high pressure, and three low-pressure cylinders of 86 inches in diameter as before, the stroke of all being six feet, as originally fixed. The valve gearhas also been rear- ranged and greatly simplified, so as to in- crease the facilities for overhauling and re- pairs, ‘The power to be indicated in eyery- day working is 12,000 horses, but this was considerably exceeded: during her trials on the Clyde, when everything went with re- markable smoothness, nnd not a single hitch occurred, Not only is she expected to be an exceedingly swift vessel, but her run down to Queenstown proved that she pos- sesses remarkable steadiness. When going ata great speed, with the engines at sixty revolutions a minute, the vibration was scarcely perceptible; indeed, when seated in the grand saloon the passengers can easily ~. realize the fact that they are in a huge float- ing palace. Her great length and beauti- tully modulated lines suggest, whilst she is in the water, an impression of graceful buoy- ancy rather than of vast magnitude, but her, carrying power reaches immense propor- tionr. From keel to deck the ribsand plates are of the strongest material, all kneaded to- gether by angle iron and rivets, and a dis- tinct feature of the design is the mode in which the whole is supported and _ stiffened by. transverse sections. ‘The bulkheads at massive iron extend from the keel up to the main deck without any openings except narrow ways, which. may be closed by me- chanical appliances at a moment’s notice, The largest distance between the bulkheads is only 60 feet., and it is calculated that more than one compartment might be filled with- out endangering the ship’s flotation. It ia, indeed claimed for hey: that she is practically unsinkable. ‘The sfarn-post or frame is the heaviest single torging ever made for auch A purpose, weighing 33 tons in the finished state. She has two complete iron decks, and is very strongly built in this depart- ment. The crank shaft isa built shatt, and together wtth the screw shaft, is made of itworth’s fluid-pressed steel. The crank shaft alone weighs 63 tons, and the process of manufacture is believed to afford an al- most absolute guarantee aguinst cracks or breakage from flaws or blemishes. ‘The ob- ject of the rearrangement ot the boilers is to increase the facilities for trimming the coal and making the ventilution of the stoke- holes perfect, which objects the owners be- lieve they have gained. ‘I'he saloon accom- modation ison a scale of elegance and un- paralleled comfort, while the emigranv’s quarter’s are roomy, well-ventilated, and excellently arranged, So large are the pro- portions of the vessel, that upwards of 300 cabin and 1,500 steerage passengers can be provided for with ease. One special feature of the alterations is the removal of the boats and other obstructions to the level of the hurricane deck, so that there is now a splen- did promenade deck extending 400 feet on either side and 20 fees in width—an unriv- aled stretch of clear space for any ocean-go- ing vessel. Many new specialties have been introduced into the internal arrangements and appointments. The berths for the ga- loon occupants are furnished in a style that must meet with universal approval, and no expense has been spared to make them ex- ceedingly suituble to modern , requirements. The ladies’ drawing-room , has been refur- nished in the most artistic manner, the sides, being divided into bays by fluted Ionic col- umns, ivory white (enameled), relieved ‘with gold, being the prevailing color.-: The piano—one of Broad wood’s: oblique right grands—stands ‘in the’ alcove! facing the entrance, andthe ‘skylight is treated in a novel manner.’ The ' private ladies’ cabin on the promenade deck 14 a modelof | lux- ury and chaste ornamentation. Itis a beau- tiful little room, furnished in black and gold, with amber Roman satin curtains banded with stripes of silk plush of old gold] NAUTICAL AND SCIENTIFIC color. ‘Che reading room and library on the same deck is in morocco upholstery, the] , windows containing medallions of Shake-|;, cab sh aberiet peg yk Tie speare, Sir Walter Scott, ‘Tennyson, Long- | with £3,200,000 subscribed capital, to eotie tellow, Harriett Beecher Stowe, Bret Harte, | si puct a canal across Florida, deep enough and other celebrated authors. Forward of| ¢oy the largest ships, between the St. Johu’s this is the smoking-room and American bar, and Suwanee rivers. furnighed in mahogany and oak, the panel-| enced in September ling being filled in with clever Japanese | 4 nerjcan, paintingsin water-color, The noble dining saloon has been repainted and decorated ; and ie in truth the largest and handsomest of the kind possessed by any: vessel leaving Liverpool, A novelty which is sure to be appreciated is the introduction of two spe- cial state apartments adjoining the grand sulocn. ‘They are each about twelye feet equare, and one, called the ‘blue chamber.” ig furnished as a bed and small sitting room, the panels being relieved by Eastern adorn- cate tinted Japanes pictures (between glass), It will be but a short time until you can have your picture taken free of cost. German has invented a safe with an attach- ment that on being touched flares an electric light on the szene, and at the same instant uncovers a prepared plate, on which the burglar’s photograph is taken, while an alarm is sounded. It will be a ‘“‘sate cure” for burglars.—N. Y. Herald. ‘The modern torm of steamers’ bows, per- ments. . ‘I'he portholes are screened by deli- pendicular, and without a bowsprit, is proved to add to the risk of damage in vases of which were exhibi'ed at the last Yokohama | collision, and many English- underwriters exposition, ‘lhe other, or ‘red chamber,” is | are so impressed with this that they are, it trented in an equally original and artistic|is said, taking into consideration the de- manner. Beyond this is a pretty room for siiability of muking differential rates as be- the use of ladies, furnished in’ white and | tween these steamere and those having the blue, and the other chambers are gorgeous | former und tar more slightly overhanging and very convenient. The ship is, in fact,| bow and bowsprit. : replete with everything that can contribute| ‘The Henderson gas-furnace attempts to to make the voyage pleasant for passengers, | attiin to the highest heats required whose entertainment is studied to the mi-| snurtest time, and with a cotnplete’ utiliza- nutest detail. It may be stated that in the} tion of the fuel. tiremen, 45 trimmers, and 40.A. - a 4 ordinary earth. ROOM FOR INVENTORS. posed that these ‘flowers of the ocean’ would Under the above heading the Maritime | not flourish away from their native element; Regirter gives the following which although | but this is not the case, most of the specimens tencing to belittle those impro\ ements which | planted having grown «admirably in soil have been made in navigation contains.an| which is constantly kept in a moist’ con- idea worth considering. dition.” “Men are generally iaterested in their own | suggestive, and worthy of trial this side of trade or calling only, outside of that they | the ocean.—Scientijic American. care for nothing. They all more or less run! 4 firm in Paria has } tented an invention in certain grooves. For the most part their | for the instantaneous formation of steam, ambition is to become perfect in their work, | which permits its use at once in the cylinder to acquire euch a knowledge of it as will | of the engine. render it more easy of performance und by | quantity of liquid between two plate surfaces systematizing it and devising means to! which are heated, and between which there prevent errors and inaccuracies, to smooth | jg only a capillary space. The liquid spread- the way and render less the friction in con- ing in a thin layer evaporates at once, with- ducting the: business of which they are a} out going into the go called spheroidal state, and this acts in the cylinder as fresh ateam. he is following in the footeteps of the in-|‘phe speed of the pump is regulated ventor. Indeed, almost all of the valuable engine, the pump being connected w: inventions—both those which have been pat- | shaft of the engine. : Mons. C. Husson has studied the influence of condiments—especially salt and vinegar—- His experiments confirm | the conclusions of various physiologists that small quactities of these condiments are use- fal, especially. in scisupiaring, the spemation n excess they render the of any real value. No mere acquaintance food more indigestible, and are irritating to the coats of the stomach. ‘The . proportion of salt should ae capers’ ne or two parts 1 to one hundre arts of meat; of acid It to accomplish a grent deal. ‘The opportunity should not be iméke than from ne to four for makiog ‘money: ig.of course a:great in- parts in one thousand. part. .In so far. as a man.adopts this course ented and the innumerable and often not less important ones that have not been—have eprang from the same desire to facilitate business and lessen labor. It will be seen, therefore, that a throrough knowledge of the necessities of his calling is absolutely. nec- essary to.the man if what he invents is to be with his work will answer. He must be thoroughly familiar with it and take a deep interest in it. If he does this he may be able centive to‘inventore, but many an: improve- it might have been the means of his acquir- are within’ the boundariess of our country of gastric juice. on the digestion. ‘ment has. been made; by the: hard workin Among. the interesting novelties at the ‘intelligent mechanic, in.theemenitis of secon Fisheries, Exhibition,: London, besides the plishing his task, without the Jeast thought | American gas-light buoy of any pecuniary profit, though subsequently alarm buoy, is Captain It is arranged something like a ship’s log, ing great wealth. ‘The country has afforded | and is towed astern of a vessel in the same many advantages to inventors and great im- | manner. The motion causes the screw upen provements have been made in labor-saving | the buoy to rotate, the number of revolutions machinery. Our workshops, our railroads, | Vary’ Ing, of couree, with the speed of the our mines, all give evidence of this. All these | ship. Connected to the spindle of the screw is a hammer which strikes a gong. and give employment to many of our people. | ber of these buoys are used in the British It will be noticed, however, that com- | Davy, their special object being to denote to paratively little of our inventive genius has another vessel astern the speed of the one been turned to matters connected with | ahead. maritime affairs. ‘There is no need for sur- | ing the beats of the gong per minute. They prise at this, for as the employment of our | are intended to be used during the prevalence people is upon the land they are not therefore | Of fog, and although they may be servicce aufficiently familiar with matters relating to | able for eq: ardion evolutions, would not, we the sea, at least of late years, to know fully | imagine, be of much good to the passenger what are the wants of that branch of in- | marine. dustry. If, however, the shipping trade of this country should revive, it would in time matters effecting our industries on shore.” | sections is now removed, and dealers are be- ginning to stock up. A PIGMY KINGDOM. The owners of logs on the North and It may not be generally known to the av- erage man, but it is none the less a fact that the State otf Pennsylvania jin itself is as large as England, Ireland and Scotland combined. ‘I'‘his statement seems improba- and at very fair prices. LUMBER open up a new and probably profitable field} The Duluth Journal of Commerce says: to our inventors ‘which would no doubt be| Lumber is going out very fairly, and will taken advantage of with results quite equal | increase as the season advances, to those that have been accomplished in| certainty in regard to the crops in many South shores have been quite fortunate in securing their logs this season ; but few have been lost, with the exception ot a couple of rafts from the North shore early in the spring. able, and yet-it is beyond refutation. ‘Chink| (The question of a shortage in the log crop then what.a,,praiseworthy enterprise Dr,|of the St. Croix is no longer one of doubt. Swayne has, undertaken—not only to cure The 52,000,000 feet of Snaké river logs that all the sick people of a place as large aa the | are now nang on Baltimore Rapids can not United Kingdom of Great Britain, but of all | be got to mar’ the world. , Yet he is succeeding, Swayne’s | posed that by virtue of the late rain up- |pills are acknowledged on. every hand as the | the. consequent risg {nthe F Beat tor curin Hiouxsness, indfgestion | ing of this drive to headache and all the most frequent ills of| tion of few ‘days. flesh, suppose this, because with an ave: ; of water the drly There is no great boom to report in Jum- and short one, ber shipeents, but it is going out steadily | briefly stated. r to the city, on Saturday, a crew of men was sent up by those in charge of the drive for the purpose of bringing it in, expecting, of course, to have the benefit of the water from Chengwatonna dam, longed tothem. But the proprietor of the dam, Mr, Munch, positively refused to hoist the gutes unless a sum of money (about $400) He-denied the drivers the Believing this which of right be- Work is to be com- next.—Scientisic | W88 Pald him, ordinary run of the river. demand to be an exorbitant one, of course Messrs. Anderson & O’Brien refused to accede to it, and the consequence is the drives are hung np for this season at least. Proceedings at law will be commenced at once against Mr. Munch to recover damages, he case will excite considerable attention, as it will probably determine the rights of” all parties in such cases, But whatever may- be the result of the law suit, it can not bring the Snake river logs to market this season, and will necesearily create a shortage of the supply for this year on the St. Croix. ‘I'o those who have logs in the boom or lake for sale now, this drawback may prove a benefit, as it will certainly result in an upward tendency in prices; but there are a number of small operators, who own loge in the de- layed drive, who will have to suffer consider- able embarrassment, as but few of them are able to carry the burden of a non-productive log cut over to another season, and at the same time continue to do business, |result will be a falling off in the amount of logs cut next winter. ‘This latter result, however, is only made more prominent—not inaugurated—by the hanging of the drive. ‘The low price and increased demand for logs: this season had already determined a very large number of the operatives of last winter- to stay out of the woods the coming winter, and the set back to the drives hag been the Z this determination.— These objects are reached dining saloon there is a fine built-in organ, | by the use of separate engines, one for the and the whole of the interior ot the ship| supply of air for the generation of gas, and (ineluding the engine-room) is illuminated | the other for its combustion. with the Swan electric light, so that thea trial and illustrations of the furnace are scene at night is as brilliant as noonday. | given. ‘Ie consumption fuel, three hundred The City of Rome is under the command of | weight per hour for the two-ton furnace, is Captain R. D. Munroe; Mr. W. P. Cum-|low.—Eng. min. journ. ming, chief engineer. The crew consists of| T,ondon papers say that “the sécretary to 268 all told, and includes 14 Sugineers, 50] the Royal Botanic Society recently tried the + Be novel experiment of planting sea weeds in 1t would naturally be sup- The details of means of increasin Stillwater Sun. IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTION.. It has been until'recently.a supposed fuet in connection with American manufactures that the second in importance as to the value- of products is the grist mill, while it ig actu- ally first in the value of material use:l. 'The- iron and steel makers produce annually $651,543,100 of manufactured products, and use $319,594,000 of raw material. while the- grist mills produce $505,185,000, and: use- $441,545,000 raw material—that is, grain. There is, of course, a great difference in the number of hands employed and amount of: The iron and steel men em- 598 hands, and pay $128,787,000 a ear in wages, while the millers employ but hands, arid pay’ $17,422,000 a’ year n wages, "The capital: invested in miils is: $178,000,000, against $405,636,000 in iron and Ihe value of the milling raw material, subtracted from the value of the manufactured producte, leaves $64,000,000; deducting from this the $17,422,000 paid for- wager, we have left $46,578,000, which rep- resents the yearly profits on $178,000,000 capital invested, less interest, wear’ and tear. It is ‘over-26 per cent., while the’profits of the iron and steel manufacturers, whose operating expenses are much greater in pro- duction and who are besides liberally pro- tected, are less than 26 per cent., interest, insurance, etc., deducted from this. any other manufactures pay as well as those of the millers. BOOK NOTICES, Harper’s Magazine for August is an ex- sepdonally full umber ani ‘own Garden.” Frontispiece from a - ing by B.A. Abbey. “4 Litas Alleghanies.—Geo. Parsons Lathrop with ten illustratione. American Horsee.. Craig with eight illustrations. R. Blanclardi, The German Crown Prince.—George von Bunsen, illustrations. The Stranger Wallace Bruce. Habitant.—C. The result is both curious and A pump sends. the-.required and the pneumatic ator’s tidal buoy. contains “A. The Heart of the This is readily ascertained by count- ate cungcian War Pictures in Tim Peace.—R. F. Zogbaum, eer A ae ben. astle in Spain. Novel. PartIV, with two iMlustrasione The British Yoke.—T. Ww. with eight illustration, Modern Yacht.—Lieutenant J. D. U.S.N, with nine diagrams, A Poem.—T. B. Aldrich. A Story.—Harriet Prescott Spofford. Ed- The Brooklyn Bridge.— Occupations and Education of Won e1.—The of Jenkins.—The Cincinnati.— cence of John How: Editor’s Literary, Recent Histor pal re en Poetry. atura osophy.—Recent Fi -—Ed-. itor’s Tistortoal Reoond: ai rare ence. — Disasters. — Obituary. August.—Anecdo! McIlvaine, Bayard ‘I'aylor, land, John Randolph.—aA ‘Tr. Philistinesx—A Gentle Easter Catechism. Margaret Veley. Best-Laid Schemes, itor’s Easy Chair: —Medical Works.— Politicul Intelli- tes of Bishop Dr. J. G@. Hol- agedy of the Reminder.—An, et thia season, —Southern Humors, ee A éponge eight feet-in circumference and! weighing twelve ‘pounds was recently, says: 1€ was ‘reasonable to ished up off Key West. the New York Sun, fi When the. fisherman ing glass ‘they vould hard! measured ft the: sponge they had ever seen, 3 ut the difficulty ‘inay be As soon as the announce- found ment of the rise of water was telegraphed nd’ it to be the