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OTHE MARINE RECORD. es RESCUED IN MID-OCEAN. From the Sailor? Magazine. A tale of misery and suffering such as has and slowly, one by one, they came to and realized that the great destroyer had once more been cheated of his prey. “But how they ate and drank! We were not been recorded in the history of sea life] compelled to use force with some of them, for several months past came to light re-| for fear that they would gorge themselves to cently by the arrival of the Italian bark Sam- | death, It was over a_ week before the poor uele, from Palermo, with Captain Esposito | men were able to walk about without asaist- and a crew of twelve men of the [talian bark | ance, but from that time they rapidly im- Umberto Galatcla, which toundered at sea proved.” June 19th, ‘The wrecked mariners are all natives of Italy and cannot speak English, but their haggard features and wild-staring eyes told the story of their hardships more strongly than words. The story of the sufferings of the wrecked seamen was told to a reporter of the World by Captain Corroa, of the Samuele, and, as Captain Esposito and crew will visit the Italian Consul to-day and will probably be sent back to their native Jand by the first steamer. The wrecked bark was built in 1876 at Gaeta, Italy, for her owner, Mr. A. Galatola, of Naples. She has made several trips to this country. Her “gross tonnage was 670 tons. Her dimensions were: the captain said, ‘Coming second-handed as | 7 38 feet: bre: feet: c it does, it but faintly portrays their actual ae oe breadth, 28 feet; depth of experience.” ‘The bark Umberto Galatola left Torraveha, Spain, early in April last with a cargo ot salt, bound for this city. Fair winds were experienced and good time was made up to June 16th -last at 10 o’clock a.m., when in THE 8.S. “TARTAR.” From the Marine Engineer, London, The Union Steamship Company has just lattitude 28.12, longitude 55.37, a terrific| added to its fleet a very. fine vessel—-the squall struck the vessel, washing everything | Tartar—which arrived in the Albert Dock, movable trom her decks and causing her to| from Southampton and Glasgow, on June leak badly. Two men were kept at the|3rd. ‘The Union Company’s fleet plies be- pumps night and day but the water gained | tween England and the Cape, and_ includes on them. what and Captain Esposito still stood by his|and 1,200 H.P. to the ship, believing that he could repair the dam- | tons and 3,700 H.P. The storm had moderated some- | about sixteen ships, varying from 1,550 tons maximum ot 4,669 The ‘Tartar is a Cape age as soon as the 3en became calm. Several | mail steamer, 376.5 feet long, 47.2 feet beam, ineffectual attempts were made, but still the | and 30.3 teet deep. Her gross tonnage is gallant captain and his crew ‘would not | 4,339, her registered tonnago 2,754. She has a abandon their vessel. displacement of 8,000 tons. She is divided in- In the meantime the water was slowly but| to thirty water-tight compartments, and has surely filling the ship. It flooded the hold | a double bottom constructed on the cellular and washed the salt forward, co that tne | system ; the outside plating has been doubled stern ot the vessel was almost above the wa-| to insure greater strength amidship, and it ter. On the 19th, at 11 o’clock at night,|may be said generally that she has been while the men were at the pumps, the ves- sel suddenly gave a lurch forward, _raised almost perpendicularly and sank head fore- moet into:the sea. | The men, who had'teen ready at any mo- ment to take to the bouts, had scrambled in- to one boat and were just ready to row away when the stern of the vessel struck them as it disappeared beneath the waves, nearly causing the boat to capsize and almost filling it with water. ‘I'wo of the thirteen men‘set to work to bail out, but it was found that the small boat had also: been damaged and was leaking. At this discovery acry of despair went up, and as many as could do so frantically be- gan to bail out with their hats, shoes and hands; but they only succeeded in keeping the boat trom filling up, and did not gain an inch on the water. There was not a mouthful of food on board, and only a small canteen ot drinking water with which one thoughtful seaman had pro- vided himself. ‘his supply, however, was hardly sufficient for one man. For two whole days the party drifted about at the mercy of the waves without any nourishment whatever. Four men were kept bailing out until exhausted, when four more would take-their places. Had they discontinued bailing for even an hour the built to meet all the requirements of Ad- miralty, and has been placed on their list of vessels available in time of war. The -l ordinary arrangements of passenger accom- modation have been altered.’ ‘The first-class state-rooms and saloons, providing tor 160 passengers, have been placed amidships, forward of the machinery space; the second- class cabins for 160 passengers are in the after port, and there are berths and a cabin for 100 third-class passengers forward. ‘The first-class dining saloon ou the upper deck is a sumptuously fitted-up, lofty, light and well-ventulated apartment, 62 feet long, and above are a good music saloon and a ladies’ boudoir opening on the promenade deck, which is nearly 180 feetin length. Below this deck a Clear space on either side of the great dining saloon forms a covered gang- way. Marble baths, tasselated. pavements, and ornamented tiles in the lavatories, pueumatic bells, wire wove mattresses in the berths, and special provision for ventila- tion and sanitation are among the things sup- plied in this luxurious travelling hotel. Of eleven: boats carried six are lifeboats. She indicates about 3,700 H.P.; and on her trial trip on the Clyde she make over 14 knots, and on the run to Southampton over 15 knots. She has three masta anda single funnel, and was built by Messrs, Aitken & little craft would surely have filled and sank. | Mansel, aud engined by Messre. ‘Thomson, of On the first day the sufferings of the. men | Glasgow. She is, as we.have said, thoroughly were not 8o great, but on the second day a{ divided by watertight compartments reach- feeling of exhanstion came over the party }ing to the upper deck, and these cnt up the and several times the seamen wished to lay | saloon accommodation. The accommodation down and meet their doom, which they con- sidered inevitable. Captain. Esposito, however, talked with | sengers. them in a hopeful, assuring manner and suc- ceeded cach time in bringing the half- for second-class passengers is about as good as that usually provided for firat-class pas- The berths for the first-class are really small, double-bedded rooms, with Turkey carpets on the floor, and have little starved and almost lifeless seamen to their|in common with the ordinary state room. right senses. ‘I'he men attempted to eat their | The third-class berths are admirable; in fact garments, but the brave captain prevented | we have seldom, if ever met with a ship in this and also kept them from drinking the| which the comforts of passengers have been salt water. At last, on the 21st, shortly be-| 80 fully studied. ; fore midnight, a light wae seen in the dis- The engines are of the compound tyne, the tance, and with a shout of joy the men sank | cylinders being 50 inches and 90 inches di- unconscious in the boat, all save Captain | ameter, with a stroke of 6 feet. The crank Esposito and one man. These two, fully realizing their position, out of sight of Innd, in an’ open and leaky boat, with eleven helpless men, with almast superhuman strength began to bail out and after a few minutes one or two of the ex- hausted seamen regained consciousness and a consultation was held as to how to attract the attention of the approaching vessel. One senman suggested that he hada dry match, but the question was, what could they burn? Suddenly a bright thought came to Captain Esposito and he made them take off their clothes. ‘his was done ard everything that was partially dry was piled up forward and set on fire. Fora moment the mass of clothing smouidered and despair seized the hearts of the men whose lives de- pended on the success of the experiment. Slowly, however, a little fllcker of fire was seen, which gradually developed, 2nd soon a fierce flame sprang 1 p:vards. With eager eyes the wearied men watched the rescuing vessel for an answering signal. It came five minutes after their fire had started, and every man, faint and exhausted, gave way with a feeble shout of joy and sank, half dead, in their leaky boat. “And this is how we found them,” contin- ued the reporter’s informant, ‘‘thirteen na- ked bodies laying as if dead, in four feet of water, which was rapidly reaching the sides of the boat. The weather was exceedingly cold and our hands were numbed in convey- ing the unconscious men to our ship. firat we despaired of bringing the breath of life back to some of them, but several glasses wf brandy were forced down their throats shaft is built up of Vicars’ cast steel. Steam is aupplied by six boilers, each containing three turnaces—Fox’s patent—3 feet in di- ameter by 6 feet long on the bars. All the furnaces are fitted with Martin’s patent doors. ‘The boilers are placed in the wings and fired athwanship. The pressure is 90 pounds. ‘The feed-water is heated to about 206 by Weir’s patent heater, the water be- ing sprayed through live steam drawn from the intermediate receiver. It might be assumed that the steam could be used to more advantage in the large cylinder; but it is said that a total gain is 8 per cent., but that of this 4 per cent is lost by abstraction of steam from the low-pressure cylinder. leaving a net gain ot 4 per cent, saved in fuel, besides sparing the boilers the etrains due to the pumping in of cold water, and diminishing the tendency to prime. The ship is fitted throughout with hy- draulic gear by Messrs. Brown Bros., Rose- bank Engine Works, Glasgow. In the engine room are a pair of automatic engines and an accumulator. Steam is supplied by adonkey boiler on the upper deck. The hydraulic pressure is 800 pounds on the aquare inch, and this is used to work Messrs. Brown’s patent capstane, windlass, and steer- ing gear. The N. Y. Heraid has made an investiga- tion and finds that the whole Western Unicn plant could be duplicated for $20,000,000 or $25,000,000 at the utmost. ‘The stock is $80,- 000,000. ELECTRIC SCIENCE, Speaking of the work of the electricity di- vision and the recent marvelous develop- ment of electrical inventions, Mr. E, M. Bentley, one of the examiners of the elec- trical division of the patent oflice, gives some very suggestive facts. He says that about two thousands applications for patents in electricity were filed in 1882, of which about two-thirds were granted. ‘To show how the subject has grown in importance within a tew years he said that in 1877 electricity wus a sub-class in a division. Now it is the largest division in the office, and regarded as the most important. ‘The astonishing growth is due chiefly to two causes: 1. The invention of the telephone; and second, the development of the magneto-electrical machine, he telephone had opened, di- reetly or indirectly, a wide field of inven- tions. The minds of many persons through- out this country were turned to this class of invention, and not only were improvements upon the telephone itself attempted, but at- tention was given to a great many incidental appliances useful in its successful applica- tion. ‘lhe second great stimulus to inven- tion was the development.of the magneto- electrical machine. For thirty years the world had been awaiting a cheap and con- venient source of electricty. Immediately following the discovery of Faraday, and others, from 1830 to 1840 there wss « wide- spread effort to make practical use of them, and special activity was manifested in the lines ot electric lighting. ‘he are light was put into practical form, and the foundations of incandescent lighting were laid. But no evonomic source of electricity was at hand; for the galvanic battery:consumed too much zine for profit. ‘I'he principal ot the mag- neto-electric machine had, indeed, been lon known; but it was left for the Italian Paci- notti, in 1860, to perfect a machine wherein contiuuous and.constant currents were gen- erated. ‘The idea literally lay on the shelf, however, until 1870, when Gramme reinvent- ed practically the sume machine, and pushed it into notice. He was speedily tullowed by the Siemens brothers of Berlin, and by Mr. Brush and others in the United States. The magneto-electric machine, affording a cheap and abundant supply of électricity, tmmedi- ately rendered practical all the half com- pleted inventions of thirty years and opened the way to many new ones. Brush got his pitent in 1877, Weston soon after, and the growth of the electricity division of the pat- ent office has been steady and marvelous ever since. The invention had been, how- ever, ratber inthe applicationof known principles than in the discovery of new ones; for during the fifty years that have elapsed since the investigations of Farady little new has been added to the science of electricity. The present activity springs from the appli- eation of well-known exhibitions of the still unknown force; and moreover only 2 few of these features of the science have been as yet made of practical value. One of the broadest and most successful patents ap- pears to be the telephone. ‘The man whose name is perhaps more widely known than any other in connection with inventions, is Edison, and his most fumous achievements have been in the improvement in telegraphy and in the incandcszent light. PROCTOR KNOITI’S SPEECH. From the Duluth Times. ‘When each recurring summer brings its flood of tourists the celebrated speech of Proctor Knott is called for, and all the strangers want to see Duluth through the lively Kentuckian’s spectacles. They put the glasses on, but presto! nothing that Knott saw can be discovered. ‘I'here is a complete transformation. The “wild, untamed buf- falo” is not rushing madly through the streets. and all thatis left of the “prolific pine barrens” isa few stumps on the hill- sides. Not even the bones of a dead buffalo can be found in the streets, thronged from morning to night with drays, carte, carriages and equipages. ‘Ihe “wilderness” has given way to the city, which is rapidly acquiring the dimensions and conveniences of a me- tropolis. Strangers coming here expecting to find a.desolate waste are surpriged at the evidences of wealth and enterprise scattered on al) sides. ‘The precautions taken to pre- serve their scalps from the tomahawk of the prowling savage ure found useless, when a few spiritless and hungry-looking Chippe- was craw! in their filth and nastiness along the edge of the sidewalk hunting for some- thing to pick up. The primeval forests have disappeared to make way for stately build- ings and beautiful homes. The rush of trade is in the streets where Knott saw the rush of a savage horde. ‘The port is thronged with steamers, barges and vessels laden with coal, provisions and iron where the Sour Mash congressman imagined the canoes of the Indian. ‘The Duluth of to-day has no more resemblance to that described by the humorous orator than the moon has toa green cheese in a country grocery store. ‘To Duluthians, the funniest thing in Knott’s speech was his ignorance of the locality of the place. While ridiculing the Zenith City, and hoping to bury it out of sight forever, he was really giving it the most substantial aid. In the firat place he advertised it to the world, which was a great thing, and in the second place the land grant which he op- posed and detented was really in favor of a rival sity. Proctor Knott did Duluth valua- ble service, lt wasa case of stumbling into the right, and all Duluthians have a soft spot in their hearts for the man who was 80 humorously ignorant of the eity. Duluth is rapidly becoming the important commer- cial centre which fis friends in those days predicted, and the tourists who annually throng here, with Knotv’s speech as a guide, are puzzled to identify the place. In less than another twelve month the speech will: be one of the curiosities of literature, and Duluth one of the leading cities of the North- west. ‘hus the fates work out their ends, —_—_——- eee” A SCLENTIFIC HERMIT, From the New York Journal. At St. John’s Park, New York, is a small! brick house facing the scuth western end the- of square. It is only distinguisbable from: its neighbors by reason of an almost ex- cessive neatness and mathematical precision with which the shades in the various win- dows are adjusted. A visitor in the neighbor-- hood at 10 o’elock at night would see the door of this house open suddenly and a man apparently of 50, with astout figure and ruddy face, trip lightly down the steps, and reaching Hudson street, walk rapidly north- ward. This man is Captain John Ericsson, the- inventor of the new screw propeller, the monitor, the solar engine and a host ot other famous contrivances. Though he looks but 50 he is in reality 80 years old, but having been as successful in tinding a solution for- the problem how to live, as how to overcome the resistance of the sub-current, he is. enabled at what is usually considered to be advanced age, to work twelve hours a day, walk to Central Park and back, and with. preserve his mind unimpuired. Ericsson’s mode of life may be briefly stated. Upon rising in themorning-he.rubs. his skin briskly with dry towele, follow-- ing which he takes a cold bath, in summer using crushed ice. Then come gymnastic: exercises of a-vigerous destription. . When his system has recovered its normal temper- ature Ericsson breakfasts upon eggs, tea ancb. coarse brown bread. Then comes.work and,. as may be supposed, when Ericsson works. it is to sone purpose, © * He resembles Edison in his natural in-- ventive instinet, bis through onfginality snd hig profound indlierence, if not contemprt,. for the dogmas laid down by those Jearnecd, gentlemen who have spent a life in the laboratory without accomplishing anything” beyond the generation of new and usually useless compounds. But Ericsson has an. advantage over Edison in the fact that he- received in early life a superior education. ‘Thus it is that instead of being vompelled,. like Edison, to work out the simplest prob- lem by actually haudling the metals, acids. and other ingredients he has but to take a pen-- cil in his hand and perhaps a table of loga-- rithms and the thing is done. All his work— and this, as has already been said, occupies twelve hours daily—is performed at either- the drawing board or the writing desk. Singularly enough, Ericsson delights in knocking down idols whictr he has once set. up. ‘Thus, he perfected the steam engine and found new uses for .it, and this being ' done, at once set himself to work to find a. machine that should take its place, namely,. the solar engine, which gathers and stows. away the heat generated by the sun’s rays. It should be said however, that Ericsson only-intended this to take the place of the- steam engine where fuel was cortly and: water not to be had, as, for instance, in. Upper Egypt. Again, after revolutionizing marine war- fare with his monitor, he is now hard at work perfecting’ a “Destroyer” that shall make armored war ships as useless as wood- en ones.” Captain Ericsson is a widower and child- less.. The fact that his father, uncles. and brothers have been distinguished in their native country for mental ability, goes far to prove that John Ericsson’s genius. is no abnormal growth, but the healthy product, of arare stock which has in him reached its best development. Ifall bankrupts were as lucky and plucky as Jay Cooke it would not beso bad. He- has lived to pay every dollar he owed, and has a handsome competence in his old age, He is fitting up magnificently his summer home at Gibraltar, where he spends the spring and fall mouths fishing. The other months of the year it isin the charge of a housekeeper, and poor clergymen from all parts of the country are each ‘made welcome for -two weeks, when they give place to. others. Every denomination is represented in these lists, and hundreds of poor ministers have, through the kindness of Mr. Cooke, enjoyed a most delightful vacation. Mr. Cooke is one of the most enthusiastic and expariencsa fishermen of the lakes.—Jnter Cid de It MUST BE TRUE. Just asevery garden needs renewing, just as every home needs cleaning, just as every wardrobe needs replenishing, so also does man need a thorough internal renovating in the spring. Winter’s long siege leaves mary unhealthy secretions within which if allowed to remain cannot fail to impair the- health. A few doses of Swayne’s pills taken about this time will remove all_ possibility of danger and leave the liver and bowels in a healthy condition. There is everything in knowing just what to take.