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4 THE MARINE RECORD. Ghe Marine Record. ESTABLISHED IN 1878. "Entered according to the laws of the United States at the Post Office at Cleveland as secoad-class matter. Published weekly at No. 2 South Water street, Oleveland, Ohio, by the MARINE RECORD PRINTING COMPANY. BRANCH OFFICE, 244 SOUTH WATER STREET, CHICAGO. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION; One year, postage paid. Six months, postage paid Invariably in advance. ADVERTISING RATES. Ten cents per lipe, nonpare:] measurement, or $1.29 per inch, each insertion; tour weeks $4.00; with a libera discount on orders amounting to $40.00 or over. Articles, letters und queries on all subjects are solici- ted. e@rThe Editor assumes no responsibility for the opinions of correspondents. To insure notice, contributors must give name and address, and write on one side of the paper only. THE MARINE RECORD has an Agent in every port on the Lakes and Rivers, and will consequently circu- late more or less in all of them. Asa medium for advertising it has no superior, as it circulates among a class of people that can be reached in no other way.. EDITORIAL NOTES. Ir is said that extensive smuggling opera- tions are carried on at Buffalo and Niagara Falls. ‘ GEORGE SauNDERS, of Freeport Wis., says thatthe reports of the appearance of a sea serpent sixty feet longin Lake Michigan are true. Han an says he will goto Australia [if his reasonable expenses are paid, but that he will not row in another race where more than three start. ‘THE collections at the port of New York for the fiseal year ended June 30, 1883, ag- gregated $147,901,488.93, a decrease of 14 per cent, compared with Jast year. In the vicinity of East ‘'awas, Mich., tor- est fires are encroaching on farm lands, and heavy losses through the destruction of crops and fences have already been sustained, ‘Tue City Forge and Iron Co. have lately placed in their works a cixty foot lathe, swinging sixty inches and weighing fifty-six gross tons. ‘The lathe was built in Scotland. WE take pleasure in calling the attention of our readers to the illustrated advertise- ment of the Globe Iron Works. ‘This tirm, doing an immense busines’, are wil!- ing to 'e. marine men know it. THE total number of lives lost by vessel accident during the year was 284, of which number 69 were from collisions, 45 from fires, 50 from wrecks or foundering, 35 from accidental drowning and five from other causes. Mr. Rorerr TARR: Nt, of the Marine En- gine Works, Chicago, I1., is erecting a large machine shop 74 by 60 feet, four stories and x basement high, in the rear of which will be the foundry 30 by 75 ‘feet, besides boiler and engine rooms, “THE most serious single accident on ship beard for the year ended June 30, was caused by a coilision of the steamer Sciota and John Lomas, on the Ohio river, near Mingo Junetion, July 4, which resulted in the loss of fifty-seven lives. Ir is not safe to assert that the new Maid of the Mist will be able to successfuly defy the terrors of the Niagara whirlpool as did her namesake of old. However, it 18 the intention to send her through on September 6th, and probably Mr. Rhodes of whirlpool fame may become a passenger. Our contemporary, the Nautical Gazette while questioning the honesty of many of the life-saving feats, will probably not doubt the motive of the fair actrese, Miss Carrie Swain, who was not in proper costume for the occasion, but who nevertheless, succeed- ed gallantly in rescuing two ladies who were ‘owning at Bayport, L. I., recently. Mies polis Hs isan expert swimmer, has al- ready deserved and received a medal for SaV- ing life, at the hands of the Humane Society of San Francisco. LABOR AND CAPITAL, The telegraphers’ strike, one of the most suggestive battles between labor and capital that ever occurred, is now sufficiently re- mote to permit of dispassionate discussion. That these great underlying forces of civi'- ization and progress, labor and capital, equally dependent, one upon the other, brothers as it were, should have so many battles and be at sword’s points continually, concerns us more deeply than many are wont to acknowledge. It is the most im- portant question in political economy. In other countries bureaus, of labor statistics, have been in existence for years. We shall have them here one of these days, when their importance is seen a little more clearly. A step in this direction has been taken im the organization by the United States Senate of a sub-committee on Edueation and Labor, which is taking testimony in New York at present. ‘The trouble so far has been that the wealth of the country has outgrown in- telligence, that which should be, in a country where the people govern themselves, far in advance, is in reality far behind, .Machin- ery, stexinboats, railroads, and telegraph, while they have not to an equal extent aid- ed. labor, have produced enormous wealth. [tis an inherent tendeney in the terrestrial plan, it seems, for powerful things to become oppressive, and wealth quite naturally op- presses Jabor. It does not do this merely through its natural tendency to get the most for i:3 money, but it does so unconsciously in-another way, for political economy tells Us that the extravagance and waste of wealth is a great loss to labor. On the other hand, in retallation for the oppression of wealth, wbat does labor do? It strikes. Moved by exactly the same impulse that prompts the rich man to resent the demands of labor, to cut off the clamorer and hire more contented workers, the poor man resents oppression and cuts off his employer. In both cases it is probably ‘ould Adan’? that furnishes the impulse, instead of calm reason, and conse- quently both are injured. And this will contirue to be the result just as long as la- bor and capital act in this arbitrary way. You, reader, whether you are an employer or an employe, know that this is the truth, Neither one of you will brook dictation. Whether you are to lose or gain by resent- ing it does not enter into the calculation. The very spirit of freedom inculeated by a republican form of government rouses this feeling of independence toaction. It stands t» reason, therefore, that labor and capital must meet each other on different terms. ‘They must meet as friends and not as ene- mies, They must hear and discuss the ques- tions at issue calmly and logically. It they cannot agree they should nct quarrel. All experience teaches that anger,deteats those who give way to it. Employer and em- ploye must admit that absolute truth that in council is the only place-to settle the quee- tion ef wages. The moment labor and cap ital separate and make their deliberations secret, they take the road to disagreement. Neither must they part when they find they cannot agree. There is yeta grave point that must be settled before parting to take such action as may seem best, irrespective of each other’s interests, namely, the cost. If this is rightly considered the chances are 3till largely in favor of adjustment. ‘The present manner of doing things is for both parties to separate first—in other words, to strike—and count the cost after- ward. If after counting the cost either party should find itself utterly incapable of standing the loss, that party must, in jus- tice to itgelf, resort to compromise. It has the alternative of ruin. If capital cannot in- crease its wages without loss, it should make that fact plain to labor. When both condi- tions exist, it is evident that bad manage- ment has been going on, and the party that has made the mistake must suffer, and it surely will, in the end. There is coming a time and that within a very few years when labor and capital, see- ing the tolly of strikes—in other terms, ar- bitrary dealings with each other—will have recourse toa plan like this. Within the past ten years, in the various European countries, there have been 2,352 strikes, ot which seventy-two were won by the strikers, ninety-one were compromised, and _ the re- mainder either abandoned or lost. Our country will never, it ishoped, pass through any such experience as this. In the mean- time, in answer to the ott-repeated questions “How is labor to protect itself and better its condition?” we are firmly convinced that hard study on the part of the workingmen, to the end that they may become qualified to meet intelligently all the questions that bear upon labor, will speedily put them up- onan equality with capital. There is v0 reason why labor should not sen its shrewd and @ riest representatives into council, where, by convincing statements they can overpowerall obstacles. In the council right is might; in all other attitudes labor is weak. It is the producing element; intelligence would make itthe dominant element, Or- ganization is weak without intelligence, but when they are coupled what power can with- stand them?) Labor must first become in- telligent in order to protect itself against demagogues; next, that the men it sends to represent its interests may be ot its own ranks. It must become intelligent that it may be able to ratify the just and reasonable propositions made by its representatives, and also that by its wisdow and manliness it may win the esteem and confidence of the country. ‘These things are not hard to ac- complish in our free land. They might be accomplished in a generation at least. Let labor organizations begin at once to impress the matter upon the minds of their members and the day of adjust'rentof their differences will come sooner than they look for. LAKE PROPELLERS. In another column will be found a letter from G. F, Halloway, President cf the Cuy- ahoga Steam Furnace Company of this city, which was recently published in Mechanics. At the last session of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, held in this city, Mr. Holloway was asked to contribute some- thing in regard to the early propellers in use on onr great chain of lakes, and he did so, ina manner which, it will be reme:nbered; created much favorable comment at the time. A writer in Engineers, however, thinking that he gave too much credit to the ship builders and engineers on the western lakes for. making propellers and propeller engines, a commercial success in this country, took exception in the columns of that paper, to some of his statements. ‘lhe letter to which we refer is a reply to said writer. Mechan- ics says editorially that it contains a good deal ot information which, it thinks, his not been before published, at least, in so com- pact a form. It will be seen that Mr. Hallo- way gives Ericsson foremost credit for his initiatory invention of the propeller wheel. ‘That point is necessarily out of the question. But the claim originally made by Mr Hal- loway before the Society of Mechanical En- gineers that the commercial success of the invention was largely due to the push and enterprise of shipbuilders and engineers on our lakes is qutte a different matter, and is fully sustained in the accompanying letter. Aside from this there seems to be no ground for controversy. We are not aware of the existence of any detailed history of propul- sive machinery on the lakes, or elsewhere in this country. Though it is of quite recent origin, certainly within the memory of many men, itis probable that facts would have to be picked up froma great number of diverg- ant sources. Mr. Halloway’s personal ex- perience, indicated by the old and dingy drawing of which he speaks, and which bears the endorsement—-‘‘Approved. Hora- tio Allen, Pres’t”—extends far enough in the past to invest his remarks with the dig- nity of history. Sucha letter, with the facts it contains, cannot be esteemed too highly by those interested in lake navigation. Mr. 'T. C. Purpy, of Salem, O., who has been in government employ collecting statestics, is preparing a census and _ history of steamboating, which will prove very valuable and interesting to the marine inter- ests of the whole country. The work, which will soon be ready, will be well illustrated, and will be something from which Mr. Purdy can justly take much credit. We have a communication from Captain John Wagley, dated the 20ch instant, which says the schooner M. Early lies just off the point at Cross Village, Mich., capsized. Al- so that Captain Left, of the Early, while re- turning from Beaver Islands for help to save his vessel, passed the stern rigging and wheel of a‘large vessel about three miles north of Skellagola lighthouse. ‘"hese ves- sels probably met their troubles in the gale which »wept the lake on the 20th instant, which, Captain Wagley saye, was the worst they have ever had, Sei eee BOOK NOTICE. Unusual variety and range in illustrations and reading matter aud an out-of-dvor quality befitting the season are the dis- tinctive qualities of the September Century, A fine portrate of Robert Burns is the frontispiece. It is after a daguerreotype owned by Mr. Edmund C, Stedman and made fiom a miniature which belonged to the sister of Burns. In the same number is adelightful account of“A Burns Pilgrimage” by H. H., who relates several anecdotes freshly gleaned in the poet’s country. A richly illustrated paper on “Cape Cod,” by F. Mitchell, transforms that curious hook of sea-sand into a homely Yankee paradige, where the fields are green, the woods are filled with birds, the villages are quaint and prosperous, and the inhabitants are honest and witty. ‘The article tas a colonial flavor, which allies it to Dr. Edward Egyleston’s illustrated histerical paper, in the same number, on “Indian War in the Colonies.” ‘This is a careful paper of thrilling interest, based on much origit.al research. Striking pictures also accompany Lieutenant Schwat- kv’s xecounts of “A Musk-Ox Hunt,” which was an incident of his Arctic expedition in 1879. Of popular scientific interest are Ernest Ingersoll’s account of “Protessor Agassiz’s Laboratory,” at Newport, with a portrait of Alexander Agassiz; and “Ike ‘Tragedies of the Nests,” by John Burroughe, who describes in his inimitable manner the dangers that threaten the birds in the house- keeping season. Accompanying the ‘tatter is a full-page _ engraving by Elbridge Kingsley; the picture was drawn with the graver, like the striking engravings by the same hand, which were published in recent numbers of The Century, A timely and valuadle illustrated ‘article is Roger Riordan’s “Ornamental Forms in Nature.” It has the completeness of a paper by an artist who has ideas and who knows — how to bring pencil and pen to bear ‘on a subject well throught out. Heshows how a pure taste in decorative art. must be jbased. upon close observation and 8 inple tr ) of beautiful forms in neta: Bis fren Afi A forcible argument to prove the future supremacy of New York over all the other cities of the world is by W. C. Conant, under the title, “Will New York be the Final World Metropolis?” And H.C, Bunner in the “Open Letters’? department talks encouragingly ot “New York asa Field for Fiction.” ‘The second part of “The Bread-winners,”” the anonymous story which is exciting wide interest post gartotty, reveals its motive as a satire on labor or socialism. In the ei part of **A Woman’s Reason”? (ahieh, wll be concluded in the October number. ) Lord Rainford proposes marriage to the heroine and ig rejected. ‘I'he third and last “part of Joel Chandler Harris’s “Nights with Uncle Remus’’ is offered, in addition to two humorous short stories: ‘Our Story,” by Frank R. Stockton, showing how marriage resulted from literary collaboration: and “Love in Old Clothes,” a modern New York love-story, in the quaint style and spelling of three hundred years ago, by H.C, Bun- ner. ‘The poetry of the number is by © de Kay, George Edgar Manigousey uate Josephine Pollard, and Miss Susan’ Marr Spalding; and the verses in “Bric-a-Brac” are contributed by James Whitcomb Rile Fink D. Sherman, and others, as ‘*Topics of the lime” treat of “The 'Tem- perance Outlook,” “I'he Hotiscncs hue can Politicians,’”? and “College-bred States- men.” Among a variety of interesting sub- jects discussed in “Open Letters,” besides Mr. Bunner’s letter, mentioned above, are “The Massachusetts Experiment in Educa- tion,” by Charles Barnard; “+A Romantic Career’? (that of Dr. Francis Lieber,) by President Gilman of Johns Hopkins Univer- sity; and the new scheme for “Standard Baibway rae wee inventor of the proposed system, W. F. Aller itor “Official Railway Guide.” meena Me TRANSFERS, Steamyacht J. W. Parmelee, H. Dahlke to William R. Kueht, the Whole, $6,500. Schooner Daniel E. Bailey, H. H. Gard- ner to John Spry, one-half interest, $10,000. The Bailey measures 648 tons, was’ built in 1874, rates A1}¢ and is valued in the Lloyd’s at $25,000. Ira Holt has purchased one-half of the steamer Dove, thereby becoming sole owner of the steamer. He will remove her from the Bay City and Alpena route, where she stoic for several years, and take her to ake Superior. The pric Y feu price paid was $12,-