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of the 2553 awards. 4 THE MARINE RECORD. Ghe Marine Record. ESTABLISHED IN 1878. ~ Entered according to the laws of the United States at the Post Office at Cleveland ag second-class matter. Published weekly at No. 2 South Water street, Cleveland, Ohio. A. A. POMEROY, Editor and Proprietor, BRANCH OFFICE, 244 SQUTH WATER STREET, CHICAGO. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One year, postage paid, Six months, postage p Invariably in advance. 00 ADVERTISING RATES. Ten cents per line, nonpareil measurement, or $1.20 per inch, each insertion; tour weeks $4.00; with a libera discount on orders amounting to $40.00 or over. Articles, letters and queries on all subjects are solici- ted. 8@-The Editor assumes no responsibility for the opinions of correspondents. To insure notice, contributors must give name and address, and write on one side of the paper only. ‘THE MARINE RECORD has an Agent in every port on the Lakes and Rivers, and will consequently ecircu- late more or less in all of them. Asa medium for advertising it has no superior, as it circulates among a class of people that can be reached in no other way.. EDITORIAL NOTES. Unirep Srates exhibitors at the Colonial exhibition at the Hague obtained fifty-seven Ir is said that a villainous plot to blow up the Haytian man-of-war Dessaline, by means of an infernal machine, manufactured by George Holgate, the celebrated maker of dy- namite machines, was frustrated on Sunday in Philadelphia, by the vessel sailing nnder ‘American colors. ; DurineG the storm Monday night the life saving crews at the various stations did much good service, some of the crews being, out nearly all night, and savingmany lives. Much credit is due them. : A pispatcH from London, 22d September, states that Esquimeaux from Wolstenholm * informed Professor Nordensjold that Com- mander Greely and another member of the Arctic expedition had died at a point north of Smith’sLand, and that the rest of the ex- pedition had returned on sledges to Littleton Island. It has been decided by the customs divi- sion ot the Treasury Department that hem- lock bark is dutiable under the provisions of the tariff, which fixes the rate of duty for the extract of hemlock and other bark used for tanning, but is free of duty undera provision ot the free list. — —_— THe light house board has issued a notice to mariners that on and after October 1, a light will be shown at-Sherwood Point, Green Bay. The light, which should be seen fourteen and one half miles, is to be a fixed white: varied by flashes of red at intervals of one minute. WE are in receipt of a map of the lake re-’ gion, issued by the Canfield Wreekiug and Towing line which is the best thing of the kind ever have yet seen. It shows distinctly all the lake ports, buys, inlets and harbors, and is in fact unsurpassed for reference. The Canfield Tug line, with headquarters at Manistee, Michigan, includes, the tugs C. Williams, Irma L. Wheeler, Frank Canfield, J. C. Osgood, C. J. Gnewuch, Hunter Savidge and D. Cutter, Jr. Manager White, of the Boston Marine In- surance Company states that the cost of res- cuing the schooner Pensaukee was $3,000 and that her repairs will cost $4,000 more. Mr. Durham, the owner of the vessel, says the cost of rescuing her will probably foot upto $5,000 and that her repairs will cost about $6,000 to $7,000 more. Mr. Durham intends spending more money than the un- derwriters allow and having the vessel thor- oughly rebuilt and classed up. The past three years she has been classed down to B1. When she was opened up and her timbers exposed it was found (so claimed) that the inspectors had beew too rigorous with her and that she was strong and good. The work is to be done at Manitowoc, where the vessel now is. FREIGHT POOLS AND RATES. Whether combinations of railroads to keep up freights serves the best interests of the public is a question which from one cause and another is at present attracting colsid- erable attention. It no doubt gives better profits on the capital invested, but this is not the aspect with which the public is most concerned. It is claimed:that it is beneficial to shippers, because it gives steadiness to rates; and this comes nearer the point at which some benefit results other than the railroads themselves. Unfortunately it Jacks reason. Albert Fink, commissioner of the trnnk lines, the man who is at the head ot a bureau of forty railroads, which have or- ganized to maintain uniiorm tariff, testified recently before the Senate committee. He said it was no evidence that a road was charg- ing too high rates thatdit- was paying 20 per cent dividends on its stock. We think that when such protits are made, the steadier the rates are the worse itis for the shipper. If this pooling bureau, whose jurisdiction cov- ers all the territory between the Ohio and Mississippi-rivers and .the great lakes, takes this view of the matter it is time the public understood it. Like other men interested in regulating affairs tor self-interest, who have been before this committe, Mr. Fink ; exposed hitnself.: He thought direct legisla- tion to maintain uniform rates ‘would be of no avail; that it would be best, to let railroads manage their own business until people came to understand that the interests of. the pub- lic and of the railroads are identical. And afterwards, When asked if shippers and the general public were satisfied with the trans- portation charges fixed by railroads he re- plied that they néver would be satisfied as long as they had to pay anything at all, In other words he would have no legislation un- til the railroads and the public were satisfied with each other, which would never be. In fact it is a waste of time to undertake to prove that the interest of buyers and sel- 'lers ot servive are identical. ‘Those members of the public who are holders of railroad stock are no doubt deretitted by pooling combinations; for it is probably true, as stat- ed by Mr. Fink, that competition between ‘railroads and that between private individ- uals is different; the latter ceases when it be- comes disastrous and the former when it goes beyond’ that point; and that associa- tion preventsruinous competition. We think however, that it is peculiarly the province of legislation, since we have adopted the rule of class legislation in so many directions, to protect the stock-holding class rather than leave that duty to self-interested cliques; we also differ in toto with Mr. Fink in regard to effecting this protection. He thinks -legisla- tion might be employed to assist railroads in maintaining uniform rates if such an organ- ization as he managed could be incorporated by the general government. That would be delegating power where restraint is needed. Neither should there be any more boards or commissioners for railroads to buy up. Ex- perience with this kind of arrangement has already taught some disagreeable lessons. ihe time is not far off when steps will be taken by Congress with reference to the ef- fects of pooling of powerful interests, as no question is more vitally connected with commercial prosperity, and the matter should be kept before the people. THE VERDICT. The Riverdale catastrophe becomes more interesting day by day as the investigation goes on. A dock man says he overheard a fireman tell the engineer, before the boat left the pier on the day of the explosion, that the steam was leaking from the boiler where it was patched, and that the iron was so hot that he could not stay below. The en- gineer replied that that was nothing new, and Supervising Inspector General Dumont was reported by dispatches to have paid that he was much chagrined that this affair had caused so much talk. This is too bad, espe- cially in view. of the probability that his dis- pleasure is to be of some duration. It should be understood, that General Dumont is pow- erless and altogether blameless, but this is an inopportune moment for him to throw a sin- gle straw in the way of bringing the guilty parties to account. Following is the verdict rendered by the coroner’s jury: We find that Charles 8. Sisson, Howell Gardner, Thomas ‘I’. Lane, Thomas Gregg, Julia Sisson and George A. Deymer by shock from scalds caused by the rupture of the port boiler of the steamboat Riverdale o1 the 28th of Auguet last, ‘ ‘That it ruptured from the insufficlency of the plates in the bottom of the cylindrical shell to withstand » working presstire less than that assigned to them by one of the United States inspectors for this district in | consequence of having become weakened by j internal oxidation from their unusual ex- posure to tho corrosive action of the feed water, ‘That the engireer, Daniel W. Taulman, failed in the discharge of his duty in neg- lecting to observe the unusual degree of ox- idation and in arresting it. That the United States inspector Alexan- der Cauldwell failed in. the discharge of his duty in assigning a working pressure to this boiler not warranted by the condition of it. That the United States law is not suffi- ciently mandatory. in its requirements as to the usual examination so far as it may be practicable. ‘Lhat the pressufe test alone is insutticient in.its period of application, fal- lacious and pregaant with disaster both to human life and property, as is fully evi- denced in the case under consideration— namely, that this boiler was tested in June last, and withstood a pressure of sixty-two pounds to the squareinch. Yet in the brief period of ten weeks it ruptured under a pressure not exceeding thirty-two pounds, in consequence of neglect of observance of ite condition at the tlme of testing it.” Three members of the jury did not coin- cide with the other seven jurymen in con- demning Engineer Daniel W. ‘Taulman. Coroner Martin announced that he would consult with the: District Attorney as to what further steps he should take in the ease BOOK NOTICES. ATLANTIC MaGaziInE.—The October At- Janti¢ is specially notable as containing an essay from the unpublished manuscripts of Ralph Waldo Emerson. It is entitled “His- torical. Notes of Life and Letters in Massa- chusetts,’’ and though it was evidently writ- ten a number of yeurs ago, itis thoroughly characteristic and exceedingly interesting, Henry James continues his studies of pro- vincial towns in France, this time going from Poitiers to Carcassonne. Two chapters of “A Roman Singer” and of ‘‘Newport”’ continue and increase the interest of ‘these two excellent serial stories. A very timely article is- one on “Volcano Studies’? by Horace D. Warner. ‘The leading short story of the number is an East ‘Tennessee story, “A-Playin’ Old Sledge at the Settlement,” and a very pleasant story is ‘*Pere Antoine” by Davida Coit. “Cream-White and Crow- Black,” by E. M. De Jarnette, is an engag- ing chapter of reminiscences of ‘good old mammies” in the South, ~ Elizabeth Robins, who had contributed interesting chapters on Mythology in previous numbers, this time writes on “Meenadism in Religion.’? William Chauncy Longdon contributes the first of a series of “Recollections ot Rome during the Italian Revolution.’”?’ Henry W. Holland furnishes an interesting chapter on “Here- dity,”’ apropos of Mr. Galton’s latest work. William S. Liscomb writes engagingly of “Mutilation of Ancient Texts.’ Edward Irenceus Stevenson contributes a_philo- sophical tragedy entitled ‘‘Amiability.” There are several poems, careful reviews of some of the most important new books, and three brief, bright essays in the Con ributors’ Club. Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston. Tue OcroBer Cenrury.—October brings the concluding number of The Century year, and of the twenty-stxth volume of the magazine illustrated articles and critical, biographical papers give a popular look to the number. The portrait of Longfellow which accompanies Edmund C. Stedman,s admirable essay on the poet, is thought to be one of the best of The Century series of frontispieces. It differs from most of the Longfellow portraits in emphasizing the serious side of his nature. Mr. Stedman may be said to apply to the poet’s works the best standard ofcontemporary judgment. His estimate is high, yet discrimiuating, and his remarks on Longfellow’s literary meth- ods are of tho highest value. In a different way, and with popular force and knowledge, Professor George P. Fisher, of Yale, reviews the position held in religious thought and history by ‘Martin Luther, after Four Hundred Years.” With it is printed a copy of Lucas Cranach’s wood-cut portrait, mada in 1546. Richard Grant White’s “Old New York and its Houses’’ is one of the most interest- ing among the illustrated articles, being a racy criticism of the commercial spirit and building taste of the past twenty years. striking interest is his description of the beau. ties of New York Bay, as itappeared to him in.youth, William H. Rideing’s interesting jaunt about London,’ In the footsteps of Thackeray,’ describes and illustrates hou ses aud scenes described in ‘Thackeray’s vov els‘ and also places of interest like the Charter- houses, where ‘'hackeray received his earley schooling. H. H. contributes an illustrated paper on the “Outdoor Industries of Cali- tornia,” and George Bird Grinnell hasa practical sportsman’s paper on *‘Snipe-shoot- ing. satin Dobson follows his important paper on the engraver Thomas Bewick (the September Century, 1882) with a sketch of “The Pupils of ‘Thomas Bewick,’’ illustrat- ing the text with copies of the best engrav- ings of Harvey, Nespitt, Clennell, Jackson, Landells, and Hole: : W. J. Stillman’s *‘Characteristics of Lon- don,” and the paper of an avonymous’ Foreigner in Florence,” succeed in_ making travel picturesque without the.aid of pic- tnres. In the third part of the “Bread-winners,’’ novel which is attracting so much attention, there is the novelty of two love ‘scenes, in whieh the hero is doubly embarrassed by a declaration of love from .Maud@, and subse- quently by the coldness with which Alice receives his own proposal. Mr. Howells brings “A Woman’s Reason” to an effective conclusion.” “Through —Waterspout and Typhoon,” by James G. Wait, is a story of the tropical seas, of graphic and realistic power. 2 % ‘The poetry of the number is contributed by Roger Riordan, L. Frank Tooker, Miss Charlotte Fiske Bates, Edna Dale; and in “Bric-a-Brac,”? by Richard A. Jackson and others, “Topics of the Time’? discusses “The Democrats and the Presidency,” “Law and Order Leagues,” ©The Lack of Earnestness in American Politics’? and ‘*Professor Jevons on Education” ; while “Open Letters” contains short articles of interest and im- portance, including Charles Dudley Warner on “A New Interpretor of Greek Art,” pamely, Dr. Charles Waldstein, a young American who is lecturing at (Cambridge University, England ;” Henry Irving’s Stage Management,” by Walter Herries Pollock; “Some of the Younger English Poets—E. W.. ~ Gosse and Andrew Lang”; “Tame Butter- flies,” by E. Brightwen; “Two Southern Novelists,” by ‘I. B. Dorsey ; “A Recent De- cision on the License Question,” by E. V.- Smalley; ‘Chief Justice ‘Taney in Relation to the Dred Scott Case,” by J. A. Walter und Courtenay De Kalb; and “The John Brown Raid,” by S. H. Brown. NATIONAL BOARD OF STEAM NAVI- GATION. Sea On another page will be found the call for the 12th annual meeting of this board to be held October 24th. We extract the follow- ing from the minutes of the 11th annual meeting, held at Cairo. lll., January 18, 1883: WHEREAS, in the eleven years the Nation- al Board of Steam Navigation has been in existence it has been instrumental of much good in creating a common bond of interest among steam vessel owners, and in defeating unfavorable national legislation, and in pre- venting various patented appliances from being torced upon steam vessels without re- gard to their merit, and in developing the great benefits that might result from greater interest and larger membership. Therefore be it ; KESOLVED, That the president of this board be authorized and requested to visit, in person or by proxy, all the principai ports in the United States, and secure as far as possible the co-operation of all steam vessel owners and such other parties as feel inter- ested in this great industry, and suggest to them the importance of becoming members, which Is done by paying a sinall annual fee on the vessels they represent, upon the fol- lowing basie, viz. : On tugs and steamers of not over 250 tons, $2.50 per boat, and not exceeding $15.00 per year to any one line of this class. On steamers of 250 and not exceeding 500 tong, $5.00 per boat, and not exceeding $30 per year for any one line of this class. On steamers of 500 tons and not exceeding 1,000 tons, $7.50 per boat, and not exceeding $45.00 per year to any one line of this class. On steamers of 1,000 tons and upwards, $10 per boat, and not exceeding $60.00 per year to any one line of this class. ReEso.vep, That any person not an own- er, desirous of becoming a member of this board, shall be admitted to all the privileges of this board, except voting, by paying an annual fee of $5. Adopted. TO OUR CUSTOMERS AND THE TRADE. The Penfield Block Co., Lockport, N. Y., desire us to state that their loss, sustained by the recent fire immediately adjoining their works, was not of such a nature as to retard the prompt filling of all orders. ‘They also wish to state for the benefit of the general public that this is the second time their works have apparently been saved from se- rious loss by fire, trom the use of pails‘and cusks kept filled with water which were ready to be used at the critical moment. “A Of | stitch in time saves nine.”