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2 THE MARINE RECORD. i MARINE LAW. CHINESE SAILORS ARE LABORERS AND CHI- NESE LABORERS EXCLUDED, Supreme Court, New York. The writ of habeas corpus in the case of J. Fook, the Chinese sailor, who, it is claimed, was deprived of his liberty by Captain Sam- uel J. Rickard on board the ship Pembroke- shire, was on August 30, dismissed by Judge Potter, who gave the following: The respondent required by the mandate of the writ of habeas corpus to bring the body of J. Fook, alleged to be imprisoned by the respondent, with the case of such im- imprisonment. In obedience’to such writ the person is brought before the court, and the cause of such imprisonment is stated in the return to be, substantially, that the act ot Congress, approved May 6th, 1882, for- bids the coming of Chinese laborers to the United States or of their remaining therein, and such coming or remaining is declared by said act to be unlawful. It is provided in said act that the master of any vessel who shall knowingly bring within the United States on such” vessel and land or permit to be Janded any Chinese aborer from any foreign port or place, shall, be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof shall be punished by a * fine of not more than $500 tor each and ev- ery such Chinese luborer so bronght, and may also be imprisoned for a term not ex- ceeding one year; but that this section shall not apply to the case of apy master whose vessel being bound to a port not within the United States shall come within the juris- diction of the United States by reason of be- ing in distress, or in stress. of weather, or touching at any port of the “United States on its voyage to any foreign port or place. Provided that ali Chinese laborers brought on stich vessel shall depart with the vessel on leaving port. - s The act also contains provision that cer- tain United States officials shall furnish de- scription certificates to every Chinese lat or- erin the United States at the time of the passage of the act, and for the period of ninety days thereafter, sufficient to identify .. him, whenever he may wish to. leave the United States by Iindor. water, and which certificate is: required to enable him tu re- enter and remain in the United. States. . The master of all vessels arriving in the United States from’ any toreign port shall, at the time of delivering its manifest of car- go or of making report of its entry, and be- fore permitting any Chinese passenger to land, deliver to the collector of customs of the district a list of all Chinese passengers, and before any Chinese passenger shall be allowed to land, the collector shall proceed to examine such passengers by comparing the certificates with such list and with said passenger, and no passenger shall be al- lowed to land from such vessel in violation of law. And every vessel whose master shall violate any of the provisions of said act shall be forfeited, and any Chinese person who shall be found unlawfully within the United States under the provisions of the act in question shall be removed to the country from which he came, by direction of the President of the United States. It is further provided in said act that any person who shall knowingly aid or abet the landing in the United States from any ves- sel of any Chinese person, not lawfully en- titled to enter the United States, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by a fine, not exceeeing $1,000, and, imprison- ment for a term not exceeding one year. It is plain from the provisions of the act above referred to that it is the purpose of the United States Government to prevent the introduction into the United States of Chinese laborers; and the act itself defines:a “Chinese laborer” to be both skilled and un- skilled laborers and Chinese employed in mining. ‘lhe return made by the respond- ent shows that the petitioner is a Chinese laborer and that he was born and has resid- ed at and shipped from the port of Hong Kong, in China, in June last, as such laborer on board a British vessel, ot which tlfe re+ spondent is master, under articles or a con- tract to serve for a period of twelve months, and has been and is now so employed. ‘The petitioner demurs to the return, thus admit- ting the truth of its allegations. Upon this state of the law and facts, should the court command the respondent to allow the petitioner to land in the city of New York? ‘To permit him to land would enable the petitioner te go at large in the United States, and to return to the vessel or not, according to his pleasure. ‘The result would be a practical and effectual evasion of the law in question, Ido not think a court or judge, whatever he may think of the policy of alaw, should issue a mandate which, if carried into execution, would nul lify a law of Congress, suoject the respond- ent to criminal prosecution, to be followed by fine and imprisonment, and render the petitioner himself alxo a violator of the law of Cengress and his contract to-serve the respondent upon his vessel for’ twelve months, With these views (which 1 have had no time to elaborate or to reduce to form), the writ must .de dismissed and the petitioner ren:anded.— Maritime Reaister. ’ GENERAL NEWs. C. G. Francklyn, of the Cunard line, has paid $1,500,000 for a ranch in Greer County, ‘Texas. Reports from different locomotive works, says the [ron Age, seem to indicate a general falling off in locomotive building. The flesh of the whale is said to be very wholesome when pickled, and a new industry in this line is growing up along the Atlantic coast.* F New England was once the home of Ameri- can enterprise, but now many parts of it are as badly in need of an infusion of life as the South. The immense energy of the country is now in the West, and the East.is suffering by-the gravitation. a 7s Steel masts for two ships are.being made by the Goss Marine Lron Works at Bath, Me. The forward and main masts of one ship will be 89 feet long, diameter 32 inches, and the mizzen mast is 82 feet long, diameter 30 inches. ‘'hese works are ulso preparedt. to build iron vessels. : : Swimming, according to Mr. Will C. Beck- with, champion, is alost art in America, and that a new feeling in its favor may be awak- ened it is proposed next year to give a six- day swimming contest in New York City. ‘The project is commendable, and ought to have as much success as the walking matehes of a year or two since. ‘The Secretary ot the Navy has decided to establish branches o1 the Hydrographic office in all the principal seaports of the United States, for the purpose of collecting informa. tion from masters of merchant vessels in regard to storms, shoals and navigation in general. Qfticex have already been opened in Boston and New York, and arrangements are now being mode to establish offices in Baltimore, Philadelphia, Norfolk, New Or- leans and San Francisco. ‘Ihese offices will be in charge of naval officers attached to the Hydrographic office. : ‘The propeller Nebraska, which has been in ordinary since the late unpleasantness in the Commercial line, has arrived there witha cargo of grain and merchandise from Buffalo. She was gold recently under mortgage, held by Mrs. Hamilton, and was bid in by that lady at $10,500. While the Nebraska and Cuba will run in connection with the Com- mercial line, they do not belong to it, being managed by Mr. Fell, of the Delaware, Lackawana & Western railroad of Buffalo. Atkins & Beckwith are the Chicago agents: Inter Ocean. Prof. Thurston states that the co-efficients of triction of lubricated surfaces under pres- sure, as given in texts books, are much too high; instead of 4 to7 per cent., as stated therein, he has obtained as low as one-fourth of 1 per cent. with sperm oil. This, he says is the best he ever found tor heavy pressures, and he has made experiments all the way from very light up to 1,500 pounds per square inch of surface. ‘The crank pins of beam engines on steamboats, where a thousand pounds pressure tothe square inch is not uncommon, run as Jow as one-half of 1 per cent. for the friction, The St. John, N. B., Telegraph says: Ship wrights are at work here on the frame ofa 600 ton three-masted schooner, which, when completed, will be freighted to one of the yards in the vicinity of Boston, where it will be put together and the vessel completed. 'The schéme is new and novel, and the more it ig considered the more apparent its advant- ages become. It is not at all unlikely that the industry may become one of considerable importance, ‘he trame of the vessel referred to is being’ constructed for Mr. McKie, a well-known builder of Boston, who haa been in the city for several weeks superintending the work. The frame will be ready for ship- ment in a few days. ’ qantas ts DETROIT SHERIFF STOLEN, Special Correspondence of the Marine Record. A little episode which occurred at Detroit many years since may at this late period bear recapitulating, and as the parties to the affair have Jong since passed away, there can be no harm in giving names and particulars, In the month: of November, 1847, the ‘steamer St. Louis, Captain fred Wheeler, and the Sultana, Captain Gil Appleby, were ready to leave on their last trip of the season for Buffalo, Captain Fred owed Detroit one, and as this was his last trip the debt must be paid now or never, as such things dou’t winter well. He sat in the saloon of the Sultana in comfortable chat with ‘some friends, when in came a person whose ap- pearatice was rather official, and inquired of him if he was the captain. “Well,’? says Fred, “Um one of that sort.’”’? “I've a little business with you, and should like to see you aside for 2 moment, if you please.” “Certainly,” responded Fred. Some one of the party, who knew the person as the sher- iff of the city, whispered in his ear. He then very composedly remarked that he hoped -he would sit down as his boat would not leave for several hours, and he had an engagement that would occupy him a few minutes, when he would see him again, He left the cabin, and the first man he met was Captain Gil. A tew knowing looks, winks, and a sort of significant pointing to the saloon withan erect thumb, seemed as clearly understood as the signs and motions of 2 brace of mutes. They broke—the one for the St. Louis, and the other for the engineer’s room. ‘The lines were cast off as if by magie,.and the Sultana moyed ‘beautifully and quietly from her berth, performing a graceful curve upon the broad bosom of the river, and then shooting down stream like a projected arrow, bade Detroit an adieu for the winter. It didn’t take the sheriff long to. find out that he was “in the boat”? personally and officially, and his brief authority was grow- ing smaller by degrees and beautifully less. ‘The State of Michigan couldn’t last long at that rate of speed, and when onze beyond its limits he must descend to a common level with those around him. ; ; **Where’s the Captain. I want to see the Cartain. T’ve an attachment for this boat, and you must stop her,”’ said the sheriff in an authoritative tone. Captain Gil presented himself as the real captain. ‘Ihe sheriff stared a moment and then opened on him. “You the captain? No, sir! ‘You can’t practice that kind of impo- sition on me!”? However, he soon became convinced that he had the genuine captain of the Sultana to deal with this time, and then he took the authoritative tone of a live sheriff. “Captain, I command you, in the name of the people of the State Michigan, to put this boat ashore where I can tie her up by virtue of this attachment.” ‘ The captain glanced at the obtrusive pa- per in the hand of the sheriff, and then at the wheelsman. “Steady there! steady sir! keep her down the North channel” ‘Aye, aye, sir’ I'he sheriff becoming impatient at the tardiness of the captain to obey his orders, repeated them. *“Couldn’t very well do that,” replied the captain, courteously. ‘It’s getting late in the senson; on our last trip; bad weather has kept us back; ought to have been in Buffalo before this; going straight through, and if you want to take a trip you will not have a better time. Good weather, fine ac- commodations, good boat, agreeable com- pany; hope you will feel perfectly at home, Steward will show you a good state-room. I will be at liberty very soon myself, and will assist to entertain you. Porta little! there, steady !”’ . The Sultana had a fine run, and after the sheriff got settled a little he appeared de- lighted with his jaunt. He thought the Sul. tana just about the best craft on the waters | His new acquaintances hoped he would have a pleasant trip home, and when he had pa- pers for another boat that he would wake up the right captain. J.W.H., HOW A WAS | Island. ENGINEERING AND MECHANICAL An improved teed mechanism for saw mills has been patented by Mr. Edward 8. Laughinghouse, of Kinston, N.C. This in- vention relates to a feed motion i. which a shifting friction gear is combined with the saw arbor for securing a reversible rotary motion for operating the carriage. Mr. J. Edward Bicknell, of Cleveland, O., has invented an improved apparatus for making illuminating gas by the distillation of wood, a8 sawdust, and the decomposition of a liquid hydrocarbon, the apparatus be- ing so contrived as to admit of continuous distillation without the necessity of stopping the work for charging and cleaning the re- torts, y A hooded circular saw guard has been invented and patented by Mr. Leonhard Hof- mann, of Cincinnati, Ohio, which is adjust- able to any -height above the saw tible to allow for the working of any thickness of lumber. ‘The adjustment may be made in- stantly, and the guard is held rigidly in place ut any elevation. desired. [tis designed to prevent accidents by circular saws. Mr. Benjamin H. Burling, of Fort Ann, N. Y., has patented a steam propelling rudder for vessels--a hollow rudder contain- ing a steam engine driv'ng a propeller wheel. ‘Ihe object is to assist in propelling the vessel ahead when the rudder is in line with the keel, and to assist iu -turning the vessel when the rudder is at an angle to the keel. 7 Mr. Charles H. Hyssong, of Altoona, Pa., has patented a piston valve which may be adjusted to vary the lap and‘lead without. removing the heads from the case, and the adjustment of the packing ri gs can also be made with equal facility, as the valve rod is threaded and the pistons are held in, plave by nuts, and the packing rings are sup- ported on a conical collar that may be ad- justed laterally by a nut. Messrs. Samuel 8. Halland Joseph Walm- sley, of Bury, near Manchester England, have obtained a patent for an improved warping and beaming machine. The in- vention consists in improvements in the construction ot the machine, and relates to a device for varying the speed of the section ‘reel, so that the warping will be wound thereon at a uniform rate of speed from be- ginning to end; so that in spite of the in- creased size of the section as the ‘Work pro- ceeds, the tension on the warp will be kept entirely uniform as the speed of the section reel will be increased proportionately to the increase in size of the rection. Devices are also provided whereby some of the sections may be wound in areverse direction from that of others, u ; An ingenious mechanical movement for transmitting circular motion, ‘hereby small power applied may serve to overcome great resistance, has been patented by Mr. W. P, Campen, of Wilmington, N.C. Upon‘a shaft designed to he rotated by hand or cogs, are mounted three eccentrics one third of a circle apart, so that their motions are re- latively alternate. Each eccentric is provided with an arm which, when it is thrust for- ward by the motion of the eccentric, tends to act upon a ratchet wheel secured to a second shaft, and since there is one ratchet wheeb for each eccentric when two of the ratchet wheels are at dead center the third will be rotated by the action of its eccentric and a continuous motion thus obtained.—Scientisic American. . INFORMATION FUR MARINERS. Notice is hereby given that Dawson Rock, lying E. by N. 34N., 1134 nautical miles from Lonely Island lighthouse, will be marked, during the remainder of this season, by. a spar buoy colored red and black in hor- izontal rings. : It is proposed next season to place a bel? buoy upon this dangerous spot. The following description will serve as sailing directions: Dawson Rock, in Georgian Bay, with on- ly three feet of water on it, lies directly.in the path of vessels running between Killar- ney and Collingwood, or Owen Sound. It bears upproximately EK. by N. 3{N., distant 114% nautical miles from Lonely Island Lighthouse, and 8. E. by 8. 1314 miles from the nearest’ part of Squaw Island. ‘The whole patch under the depth of three fath- ome, extends about south and north fora quarter of a mile, and appears bold to on this north side. From it the south extreme of Horse [sland is closed with the north end of Lonely Is- land, and the summit of Badgely Island about in line with the east extreme of Squaw WILLIAM SMITH, Deputy of the Minister of Marire and Fish- eries, EFFECTS OF A SPREE, Dio Lewis says any fellow can get over the effects of a spree in a couple of days, while a healthy Christian may suffer for a week. Yes, and a person suffering with itching piles may swear, fret, break the look- ing glass, and call his mother-in-law all sorts of pet names, but there is no improvement until he purchases a box of Swayne’s oint- ment and applies it to the affected parts. It also cures all skin disenses, and therefore should have a place in every household. Al} the leading druggists on this continent have iton sale, Safe and retiable,