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THE MARINE RECORD. b& ANCULTECTUKE, The marvelous changes which marine arch itecture has undergone iu the part twenty ENGINEERING AND MECHANICAL INVENTIONS. A paten has been recently issued to Mr* years, especially upon the lakes, is a matter) F, 8. Gulick, of Boliver, N- Y., for an im- that seems to be very littl: understood. Tn fact, it is not common), known that marine architecture, as i apples to the construction of vessels, is us important as the art of civil engiveering is to the construction of rail- roads. ‘Ihe speed, usefulness, and every- thing which is expected of a vessel depends upon the ski] and care of the architect, who designs her model, and in consequence of this each year has noted an improvement if not « complete innovation in marine hulls. Faultless of design is a thing of the past. as the contracting parties invariably demand a written guarantee that their vessel will be constructed in a manner which will suit themselves. A visit to the office of any ship- builder reveals a number of curious and ine teresting things in this matter, The firt thing which will attract the attention of the visitor, if he be a nautical man or not, isa long array of prepued models which rep- resented in a minature as many vessels that have been constructed by him, ‘These models are carefully preserved and remain in full sight, either asa relic of the success or the failure of their architect. ‘To the landlubber viewing these miniature specimens of vessels there is a sameness about them, and they are uninteresting in the extreme; but to nautical men they are as food to his taney, and he will stand for hours studying each model or comparing it with some other, deducting conclusions from each of. more or less in- terest. It requires a keen experienced eye to discover wherein a vessel’s faults lie, or to know, in fact, (hat she has any faults at all, ‘The average citizen: of Chicago may admire a vessel and denounce another; he may call one beawiful, grace*ul, and judge that she is a fast sailer, and say many dis- agreable things about a sister cratt, and then be indisereet enough to impart hls opinions to some nautical man, ‘The latter is critical always in speaking of vessels, and he begins to question his confidant yust to discover whether he: is a connvisseur of that .article or, not, and as a rule makes ridiculous his views by showing that they are based alto- gether on the fact that one vessel is painted nicely and the other is not. The average landman judges vessels altogether by the condition of their paint. It isan easy matter to distinguish the vessel built within the last decade from those constructed previously, not only by their preservation but by the changes ino architecture. ‘There are still many sailors who remember the old-time tugs and barks, whichsheld tull sway over lake naviganon. ‘hey were small by com- parison with the latter-day vessels, and were constructed chiefly with reference to speed, beauty of lines, aud what is known us stiff: ness, or ability to carry Canvas. While these craft predominated, the commerce .of the great lakes was in its infancy, and large ton- nage was notin demand. Models of many of these vessels still remain extant, although a majority of them have been swept out of existence. With the demand of increasing tonnage came another for a change in models. The beautiful clipper lines in vessels dis- appeared until now they are rarely, if ever, seen. One of the principal causes, which led to the withdrawal of square-rigged ves- sels was a tendency to. reduce sailing ex- penses. ‘They require large crews, and ves- sel owners demanded craft which conld ‘be operaied with few men, ‘These changes have been hastened regardless of the destruction of beauty in vessels, and such craft as the Omaha, Golden Age, and Hope are the results. ‘he tendency is to make large earri- ers, ud this is practicable on the lakes be- cause of the proximity of harbors of shelter. A curious feature about the construciion of vessels is the difference which exists bewteen them when built from the same models and molds, One may be perfect in every respect, while the other will prove a dismal failure. ‘Their lines are apparently the same, and the same size of timber has been placed in them, but they are nevertheless different, and nobody knows what the difference is. Even the skill of the best marine architects has been thwarted in attempting to explain this pecaltarity.x—Chicago Times, 8. THAT RACK. The steamship H. J. Jewett, the ‘race- horse” of the Union Line, arrived here at 4 o'clock yesterday afternoon, having made the fastest trip on record betw Buffalo and this port, beating all her vious rec- ords. ‘The run from Port Huron to this port was made in 28 hours and 20) minutes, she having passed Port Huron at 11:40 o’clock Monday forenoon. ‘The Walter L. Frost, of the Chicago and Ogdensburg Line, which is looked upon by her admirers as the rival of the Jewett, passed Port Huron also, bound | up, fifty minutes after the Jewett. The Cap- ain of the Frost said that he gained eighteen minutes on the Jewett from Detroit to Port Huron, and that he would beat her to the upper lakes, At dusk last evening the Frost had not arrived, ‘The Captain of the Jewett stated that he saw ber at Detroit. ‘The weather was undontedly too wa for Frost.—Vilwaukee Sentinel, ‘The officers of the Frost say there was no race, and that the Jewett was four hours and a half ahead at the alleged starting point. —Port Huron Times. m — 2 The Prince of Wales weighs 224 pounds, proved stove pipe holder, which consists of an extensible hanger and an extensible hoop, contrived ina simple arrangement for sns- pending stove pipes in a better way than by the wire suspenders commonly employed. An improved grinding attachment. for valves has been patented by Mr. A. Wells Case, of South Manchester, Conn. ‘The in- vention consists ina valve head constructed with a square recess in its face to rereive the square end of a rod which slides longitudi- nally through a stuffing box in a screw plug opposite the face of the valve head, thus en- abling the engineer to grind the valve heads to their seats without removing them from the valves, Mr. Emil C. Eyl, of Jefferson City, Mon- tana ‘Territory, has patented a combined folding fire escape and ladder, the platform or tire escape being a network frame of iron or steel, hinged against the hotise in sucha position that when lowered it forms a plat- form just below the window. sill, a chain ladder at the same time unfolding from it to the ground. When notin use the ladder is folded into the frame and the frame is turned tp against the wall of the house and secured. to the Window sill, An improved flour and meal bolt has re- cently been patented by Mr. William Mo- sher, of Poughkeepsie, N. Y. In this ma- chine the coarse particles are separated first instend of last, as in the ordinary revolving bolt, and in) consequence the large flakes Which commonly cover the:meshes, and pre vent the escape of the finer particles will be disposed .of first, whereby the separating will-be greatly expedited and facilitated. An improved evaporator is the subject of letters patent recently issued to Mr. ‘I’. L. West, of Palatine, Ill. “The improvements consist in the construction and arrangement of the evaporating pan, the meuns of sup- plying the sirup to the pan, the means of regulating the application of the. heat, and tor the management and action of the sirup, and the separati g it from the semi-airup, as well as discharging it from the pan. ‘The inventor claims it is more economical in the use of fue! and is better in its applicution of heat than the evaporators now in general use, -Mr. John Spengler, of Clarion, Iowa, is the patentee of a car mover, adapted to move railroad cars by means of a Jever power ap- plied to the railway track at one end, and to atrame bemn of the carat the other end ‘The lower end of the implement grasps the head of the rail by means of jaws anda Chisel edged lever, and the upper end is at- tached to the floor bean: of acar, A hori- zontal lever with connecting bars is used to work the device, and it may be used attached to the middle of a car instead of at the end, as the operator stands outside of the track. A very simple and inexpensive steam whistle hae been patented by Mr. Frank Me- Cube, of Providence, R. I. ‘The steam is ad- mitted into the steam chamber by depress- ing an ordinary check valve, and the said chamber is provided with a longitudinal slot for the escape ofthesteam. By inereas- ing or diminishing the size of this slot differ- ent tones may Le produced in the whistle, and in order to enable the size of this aper- ture to be varied the inventor has provided the whistle with a movable lip plate which way be adjusted in the desired position. Mr. John Houpt, of Springtown, Pa., hae patented an improved compound feed pump tor steam boilers. In this invention the force pump which supplies the water to the boiler has combined with it an auxiliary pump with check valve between them, the auxiliary pump being arranged between the first named pump and the heater, and both pumps working simultaneously in like ai- rections to produce an artificial pulsation and overcome any undue back pressure in the cylinder and supply pipe. The inven- tion is an improvemement upon a_ patent granted to the same inventcr in August, 1882, and the especial feature of the im- provement consists in using elongated plun- gers in the pumps ineread of pistons with valves in them.—Scientific American. THE THE GEOLOGY OF WEST. Tn his report to the Secretary of the In- terior, Mr. J. W. Powell, director of the United States Geological Survey, gives some interesting facts, In Colorado, valuable beds of anthracite and of bituminous coal have been found, surpassing in) quality any heretofore discovered in that region, and ine dications of large deposits of iron are visible, Evidences of the former existence of a large fresh water lake in western Nevada have been discovered. Traces of a vast continental glacier have been found, of so well defined a GREAT character as possibly to change the present geological conclusions of previous explora- tions. Inthe work done is ineluded a sur- vey of the sade orange in Oregon and Northern Calitornia, Mr. Powell says that this region is perhaps the holder of the grandest and most extensive display of natural phenomena in the world, and its ex- ploration and thorough investigation will add greatly to the facts of geologic science. —NScientific American. 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SEC 'ND HAND MARINE ENGINE; double direct- acting 8x8 inch cylinder, shaft and wheel for yacht or tug; good as new. M. V. BORGMAN, Proprietor, The Madison, FORMERLY REVERE HOUSE) Mich. Located. Detroit, Most Centrally Street cars pass the door every few minutes to Depots and all parts of the City. Three minute’s walk toL S & M 8, D & M, and Wabash Depots. Rates $1.50, to $2.00 per day. G. 8. RAND. H, B. bURGEE. RAND & BURGER SHIP-BUILDERS, WITH — Pez Dockz ATTACHED TO THE WORKS. ALSO PREPARED TO DO WRECKING AND TOWING WITH THE Tug John Gregory. Vessels Docked and Re- paired on Short Notice. MANITOWOC,WIS. A. ANDREWS, HARDWARE, Ranges, Stoves & Tinware, No. 259 Detroit St., CLEVELAND, OHIO. iF. &® H. BORN, PLUMBERS. Manufacturers of Hotel Ranges & Laundry Stoves, ald Dealer in HOUSE FURNISHING GOODS 128 SUPERIOR ST., CLEVELAND, O. Capt. D. S. Webster, VESSEL AND INSURANCE AGENT, | Wood, Fence Posts, Bark, ETC., BOUGHT AND SOLD ON COMMISSION. Chartering and Freighting of Canadian ; Coarse Freights Specialty. No. 64 Woodbridge Street Detroit, Michigan