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ABLISHED IN 1878, Eotered according to the laws of the United States at the Post Office at Cleveland as second-class matters Published weekly at No. 2 Cleveland, Ohio. A. A. POMEROY, Etitor aud Proprietor, South Water street, BRANCH OFFICE, 244 SOUTH WATER STREET, CHICAGO. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTIO Oae year, postage paid pix months, postage | Invariably in advance. The MARINE RECORD can be found for sale at the Ollowing places: 7 No. 2 South Water street, Cleveland. Joseph Gray, No, 284 South Water street, Chfcago. > D. MeMasters & Co., Sarnia, Ontario. George Preston, Escanaba, Michigan. Wn. Godley, Escanaba, Michigan. FE. Somerville, Manistee, Michigan. ADVERTISING RATES. Ten cents per live, nonpareil measurement, or $1.20 per inch, each insertion; tour weeks $4.00; with a liberal discount on orders amounting to $40.00 or over. ‘ Articles, letters and ‘queries on all subjects are solici- ted. Z 7 8@-The Editor assumes no responsibility for the opinions of correspondents. Yo insure notice, Contributors- must give name and adiress, and write on one side of the paper only. EDITORIAL NOTES. Mucu complaint is made at Buftalo of shortage of cargo on vessels arriving from Duluth. Duuru will now, without doubt, succeed in doing to death her rival Minneapolis, a new journal of commerce, The Duluth Sun- day ‘Times, having been started. It comes to us ably edited and neatly printed, and has the appearance of being well supported. SECRETARY FOLGER lias decided that a per- son may be named, in the enrollment and li- cense, a8 master of two vessels at the same time, if both vessels are not engaged simul- taneously in ordinary trade, and his right to be so named is’ not impaired by alternate transfer from one vessel to the other. A suit is cn trial at Chicago, before Judge Blodgett. for $20,000 damages, brought by Jacob Johnson of the E,M. Portch, run in- to und cut to the water’s edge northeast of Sheboygan, by the steambarge Leland, on the evening of March 26, 1882. ‘The dang ages were limited to $16,000 however, (the value of the Leland.) under act of Congress, and on reference to Commissioner Prond- foot, damages to the extent of the limitation were allowed. Exceptions were taken to the report which are now on hearing. ReMARKABLE as it may appear,where there is one sailor who perchance may fall over board can handle himself, or in other words, swim, there are many, very many, whio can- not, and this is more especially the case with those from the seaboard. There have been humerous instances on the lakes where a seaman, if master of this ait, might have been rescued, simply by buoying himself, even fora few minutes. Sailors should be good swimmers above all other classes. WE printed October 11th that there was considerable trouble among masters of boats plying on Fox and Wolf rivers, as to the construction of the navigation laws, which require vessels to be documented and li- cenged, and to pay hospital tax in marine waters, and customs collector Hall, Okkosh district, submitted the mater to the ‘Treasu- ry Department. The Secretary has rendered a ruling in the case which exempts the ves- se's in these waters from taking out marine papers, so long as they do not enter a port of the United States. Barnum’s Marine Circular for October, published at 15 Exchange strect, Buffalc, is before us. . It contains a list of vessels for sale and exchange; among which can be found some good bargaing, which are worthy the attention of vesselmen, now that this class of property is becoming more profita- ble than ever before, he Circular, besides belng an excellent advertising medium for the sale of vessels, is especially valuable as a book of reference, containing a complete history of a great number of vessels, It is neatly printed, on fine paper, and) contains the business cards of many houses dealing in vessel supplies. {ft has been published over a year and is now ona paying basis. ‘THose papers that have been making a raid on the silver dollar, and they embrace a large majority of both political parties, may as well bold their peace hereafter. Rep- resentative Warner, one of the fathers of that dollar is in Washington, and he. says there will De no legislation in the next Con- gress in the matter of silver coinage except such as will retire the trade dollar. Coinage of the standard dollar will not be suspended. Mr. Warner says it is in’ cireulation by means of silver certiticates, whatever may be said to the contrary, and that the people have the right to use the silver dollars in that way it they please. ‘he immense amount now on hand, with a yearly coinage ot twenty-eight millions, will hurt nobody. The volume of currency is none too great for the population, and a continuance of coinage for ten years will not furnish cur- reucy proportionate to the increase of the country in wealth and population. WHEAT PRODUCING COUNTRIES, In view of our recent articles concerning the wheat producing importance of. various countries the report of Henry B. Snyder, United States Consul at Copenhagen, will be ofinterest. In those articles we held that the United States now stands at the front, and will continue to hold that position for some time tocome, Consul Snyder says that by dividing the principal countries into grain exporting and grain importing countries he finds first among the former the Uni.ed States. Russia. stands next. Not many years since this state of affairs was reversed. In 1877 the two countries were on an equal footing, but since then the United States has obtained the lead. Many writers on this side of the water, says Mr. Snyder, seem to be of the opinion that we have now reached our culminating point, that the vir- | gin soil of the West will shortly be exhaust- ed and that with a largely increasing popu- lation, and the need of artificial manures on the soil, the export surplus will be dimin- ished and European tarmers will be relieved trom the intense strain of American compe- tition, ‘This strikes us as false reasoning, or at least that the time for such a change is mveh too far in the future to admit of the theory. There are millions of unworked acres'in the West which, with the increase in population there to work the soil, will surely swell our overplus of wheat. It will be many years hence before the population will be so dense. as to consume this overplus. | Besides as a Republic, our producers are not subject to the disturbing influences natural to mon- archfes, Mr. Snyder regards British East In- dia as our most formidable opponent. In that country wheat cultivation has largely taken the place of the cultivation of rice and other cereals. Its being under the direct protecion of England will also aid produc- tion, Attention is at the present moment being strongly directed in England to the furtherance of wheat growing through all possible means, such as an improved trans- port system, either of canals or railways, and the industry is likely to increase. It is freely asserted by parties who pretend to be fully acquainted with the capacities of the country, that India will in afew years be able to produce from thirty to forty million quarters of wheat of a quality equal to that of the United States or Russia, with which to compete with us on the European grain markets. While in 1871-72 the Indian ex- port amounted to somewhat over 100,000 quarters, in 1881-2, it had reached four mill- ions. About 85 per cent of this was directed to Great Britain, and the remainder to France, Belgium and Italy. It is quite clear that England, while lacking land at home, is making the most of her East India pro- vince. We shall have to look out tor her. The other grain exporting countries, Aus- tria, Hungary, the Danubian provinces, Australia, Egypt, Spain, Canada, Chili and Sweden, are of too slight importance to be considered. Inthe ranks of grain importing countries England stands first. France on- ly raises enough in exceptionally good har- vest years to feed herself. Her imports are chiefly from Ruseia and the United States, Germany is unable to support her popula- tion and is supplied from Russian and Hun- THE MARINE RECORD ‘gary. In closing his report | “Phe collective amount of imports and exports of the whole world in the trade of cereals in the later years has reached to the enormous extent of 190,000,000 quarters, hand of 27,000,000 centals of flour, ‘This jcollective quantity in the year 1879 was jinore than double that of 1869. ‘This stu- pendons international grain trade of later years is in great measure due to the im- proved means of communication by rail and steamships, and while it has been of immense benetit to mankind at large by reducing the | price of one of the great staples of food, it | cannot be denied, on the other hand, that it has been the means of bringing the agricul- tural interests in many countvies under a serious crisis, Owing to the severe competi- tion to which they have had to submit from all quarters of the globe, A dearth or par- tial failure of crops is no longer of the same importance as in former days, when even trom the very fear of such an event prices were steadily driven up toa great height; while now, Where supplies may tall short in one or more lands, the want is speedily made good from remote regions.” SHIPBUILDING ON THE LAKES. ‘The shipbuilding business will probably be better on the lakes this winter than it has been the corresponding seasun for a number of years, the direction of the industry is steamer and steambarge. Rand & Burger, of Manitowoc, Wis., will construct several schooners, however. ‘Che Union Steamboat Company, Buffalo, is considering the advisa- bility of constructing another steambarge after the model and of the same dimensions as the Jewett, which has already proved to be quite a success as a speedy and large carrier. If it is decided to duplicate her the contract will be let to Walter, ot Buffalo. A’ vessel, to be of the same ten- nage as the Golden Age, is also’ under con- sideration, which will likely be constructed at Toledo, and another of about the same ca pacity at Bay City. At Saginaw and Bay City several lumber barges are already in process of construction, and others being figured on. Itis also said that the Detroit Drydock Company has several contracts for large vessels, including one after the model of the W. L. Frost.. We have al- so notice from our correspondent at Detroit that plans are ‘being pertected for a mam moth iron passenger steamer for the Detroit & Cleveland Steam Navigation Co., which will cost in the neighborhood of $300,000. She will be propelled by a compound steam engine with feathering wheels. Quayle, of this city, is building a large steamer for Captain Wilson, the dimensions of which we gave in a recent isssue. In addition to the above the Globe Iron Works, Cleveland, are constructing an iron tug, which is now well advanced. She is 77 feet over all, 17 feet beam and 11 feet depth of hold. The engine will be high pressure 20x20 inches, and the boiler 7 feet in diameter and 13 feet long. - ‘I'he hull is to be of steel and iron, with iron decks and houses. This tug, like the Onoko, Is purely an en- terprise of this firm and will be for sale when completed. The success and carrying capacity of the Onoko has given her a great name, and she is running second to none as a profitable boat. The builders say they can and will duplicate her for about. 25 per cent more than a wooden vessel of the same ca- pacity, and built in equally good style, would cost. It it is evident, that since the change of small for large boats and the almost univer- sal use of steam with auxiliary sails, for sails alone, a general tone of confidence has been given to shipbuilding interests, which is probably induced by the preference of shippers to load large vessels that give assur- ance of quick trips, than to ship by rail. BOOK NOTICES. The November Atlantic continues several of the fratures which made the October number one of unusual excellence. The serial stories, “A Roman Singer” and “New- port,” have each two new chapters, and Mr+ Langdon furnishes a second chapter of “Recollections of Rome during the Italian Revolution.” One of the most delightful articles is a biographical sketeh of D. Ezra Ripley, of Concord; by Ralph Waldo Emer- son, and while it 1s perhaps less character- tatic of Mr. Emerson than some of his essays, few of those are more thoroughly interesting and delightful than this sketch. Rev. Brooke Herford contributes an engaging and valu- able paper on “The ‘trustworthiness of the Mr. Snyder says: | Hebrew ‘I'raditions.” Henry James con- turning toward the large and staunch iron | threatening. tinues his studies of provincial France, this time writing of Narbonne, Montpellier, and Nimes. Charles Dudley Warner contributes another of his travel papers, entitled ‘*Ran- dom Spanish N: tes.’ Albert S. Bolles furnishes some important suggestions toward a proper answer to the question ‘What In- straction should be given in our Colleges ?”” [tis quite radical, yet is written with such manifest appreciation of the defects in the present system of education, that it cannot fail to enlist the earnest attention of all who are interested in the subject of higher educa- tion. Miss Sarah Orne Jewett contributes another of her charming New England stories, “An Only Son.”? Maria Louise Henry, under the title of “A Noble Lady,” gives an interesting sketch of Maria de Hautetort, one of the noblest of French ladies of two centuries and a half ago. Olive Thorne Miller writes in an attractive style of the robin, which she names ‘lhe Bird of the Morning.” There are poems by Edith M. Thomas, C. P. Cranch, and John Boyle O’Reilly. Reviews of new books and the Contributor’s Club conclude an excellent number of this magazine. Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston. STEAMBOAT W\LK-IN-THE-WATER WRECKED NOV. 21, 1821. Special Correspondence of the Marine Record. Detrotrr, Oct. 22.. ‘The following account taken from a But- falo paper of that period; of the total loss of the first steamboat on Lake Erie, sixty-two years ago, will prove of interest to the readers of the Recorp. “Ou Wedneaday last, the steamboat Walk- in-the-Water left Black Rock at4 p.m. on her regular trip to to Detroit; the weather though somewhat rainy, did not appear A ter she hud proceeded about four miles above. Bird Island, she was struck by a severe squall, which it-was immediately perceived had injured her much, and caused her to leak fast. ‘he wind from the south- southeast continued to blow with extreme severity through the night, which was ex- eéedingly dark and rainy, attended at in- tervals with the most treinend ous squalls, The lake became rough toa terrifying de- gree and every wave seemed to threaten immediate destruction to the boat and all on board, This was truly to the passengers and crew a night of terror and dismay. ‘I'o go forward ,was impossible; to attempt a return to Black Rock in the darkness and tempest would have been certain ruin, on account of the difficuity of the channel and little less could be hoped whether the boat were anchored, or permitted to be driven on the beach. She however was anchored and for a while held fast, but as every one per- ecived each wave increased her injury and caused her to leak faster; the casings in her . cabin were seen to move at every swell, and the creaking of her joints and timbers was appalling; her engine was devoted to the pumps butin spile of them all the water increased to an alarming extent the storm grew more terrific. The wind blew more violentas the night advanced, and it was presently perceived that she was dragging her anchors, and approaching the beach. In such blackness of darkness, could her helm have commanded her course, not the most skilled pilot could have chosen with any certainty the part.of the shore on which it would be most prudent to land. ‘The pas- sengers on board were numerous and many of them were ladies whose fears and cries were truly heart rending. “In this scene of distress and danger, the undersigned passengers in the boat, felt that an expression of the warmest gratitude is due to the Captain J. Rodgers for the prudence, coolness and intelligence with which he discharged his duty, his whole conduct evinced that he was capable and worthy his command. He betrayed none but the character of one who atthe same time feels his responsibility and has courage to discharge his duty. He was if we may so speak almost simultaneously on deck to direct and assist in the management of the boat, and in the eabing to encourage the hopes and sooth the fears of the distressed passengers, ‘The calmness of his countenance and pleasantness of his conversation relieved in a great degree the feelings of those who seemed to despair of seeing the light of another day. No less credit is due to the other officers, sailing master Miller and engi- neer Calhoun and even the whole crew. All were intent on their duty, and manifested that they had intelligence, courage anda determination to perform it. All were