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ENGINES, The old-fashioned side-lever marine engine had two eccentrics, two gab-levers, and two hand-wheels. ‘The eccentrics were loose on the shaft, in the sense that they could make a partial rotation round it until stopped in either direction by snugs. When the eccentrics were in one position the engines went ahead, when in the other they went astern. ‘I'o reverse the engines the gabs in the eecentric rods were lifted off the gab- pins in the valve rocking shafts, and the valves were then raised or lowered by hand until the crank had made half a revolution, when the crank shaft turning in the eccen- tries brought the snugs in contract with the driven faces on the eccentrics. ‘The gabs dropped on the pins and the engines were reversed. ‘The handling of lurge engines so fitted was slow, but only because the slide valves required much power to move them, With the aid of modern appliances the valve could be handled with the greatest ease and rapidity. . The modern compound engine has five eccentrics, three links, reversing wheel and screw, or a small steam or hydraulic engine, according to the size of the machine. Hetero- dox as the statement may seem, we have no hesitation in asserting that the old-fashioned method of re ug was far better than the new. In the first place, iet us ask ourselver what is the object served by the link? The answer is, that its sole purpose is to enable the engines to be rev: rsed. [t must be clearly borne in mind that with compound engines it ig never used.as an expansion gear, Com- pound engines, as usually made, wuen of small size, have an invariable rate of ex- pansion. Of course ‘this would not be the ease if the link were used to alter it; but ae we have said it never is so Used, save very rarely and for very briet periods, when the engines are slowed down. Normally the re- duction in speed is effected tar mere easily by the throttie-valve. In large engines the fifth eccentric is employed to drive a special expansion slide; and should any alteration be required in the point of cut-off it is effected by shifting the link of this eccentric in a way too well known to need particular description. Now it it could be shown that nothing objectionable was entailed by the use of the link-motion, no more need perhaps be said on the subject. But this cannot be done. A link-motion for acompound engine isa costly affair to begin with, and it very speedily gets out of order; not to such an extent toentail any risk perhaps, but enough to spoil diagrams to some extent, and to give trouble to engineers. ‘Ihe die, or its equiva- lent, although brought right under the end of the valve spindle, is played upon by the link, and is not easily kept tight in the link. We have three distinct places to deal with, all liable to wear and become loose, viz., the joint between the eccentric rod and the link; the die, which readily becomes loose in. the link; and the joint between the die and the valve rod. If the link motion were dispensed with, then there might be but one joint, that between the valve rod and the eccentric, to wear or to be attended to. ‘There would de less noise, less lubrication, ang less risk. The link would have to be held in place by rock shaft arms and ascrew. Now, it is practically impossible to prevent shake in these things. The oblique action of the link on the die tends forcibly to shift the link or to bend the valve stem, and very heavy parts | only can impart anything like the proper amount of rigidity. If the strain were always in one direction, it would be easy te deal with; but itis not. Even with piston- valves, the weight of the link-motion in large engines must be estimated by tons. The fittings must be of the best possible kind, and the cost is very heavy. ‘Two ot the five eccentrics are of no more use ona voyage than a fifth wheel would be toa coach. It is not remarkable that some engi- neers began to think that they can get on better without the link than withit. But it is questionable whether anything more is wanted than such a modification of the old shifting eccentric as will permit the engines to be handled rapidly ; and this presents not the slightest difficulty. ‘The unlocking of the eccentric rod and the shifting of the valves, and the dropping in of the gab again, can all be done by extremely simple steam or hydraulic machinery, in no way more complex or costly than that now in use for working the link-motion, Nothing more is needed than a modification of the head-gear still employed extensively to reverse large ossillating marine engines.—-London Engi- neer. vee o MARINE RISKS. Among questions recently proposed toa naturalist at a dinner given by some persons interested in insurance matters was: *‘How do the dangerous animals of the sea—that is, those that in any way endanger life or property—compare in number with similar instances on Jand?”? The reply, given at length, elicited curious and interesting facts, A fisherman informed Fish Commissioner Blackford that his vessel had been struck twenty times by a sword fish. That these blows are not to be disregarded is shown by Prof. Richard Owen, who testified fn court to the effect that the sword-fish strikes with the accumulated force of fitteen double- handed hammers. Its velocity being equal to that of a swivel shot, it is as dangerous in its effects as a heavy artillery projectile, THE VALVE-GEAR OF MARINE| which insurance has been asked for damages being done by a sword-fish, It was brought up in the court of common pleas in London, The ship Dreadnaught, classed Al at Lloyd’s having been insured against all risks at sea, sailed from Colombo to London, When sev- eral days out, the crew, in fishing, hooked a sword -fish—in itself a very unusual proceed- ing. The fisn, which was of the genus Xiphias, our common form of the New Eng- land coast, soon broke the line, aud leaped from the “ater a few minutes later--as the sullors thought—to see the nature of its ene- my. It probably took the ship tor a whale, and a short time after charged at her with such effect that she sprang aleak. ‘The wa- ter gradually gained deapite the efforts of the crew, and the ship was put back to Co- lombo, and from there sent to Cochin, where she was hove down, and a round hole found In her bottom running completely through the copper and all the bottom planks, At- tacks from such a source were included iu sea risks aud the company professed willing- ness to pay, if it could be shown that a aword-fish did the damage. Hence the suit, in which it was shown by such witnesses as Prof. Owen and Frank Buekland that, al- thongh this was the first instance in which a sword-fish had been able to withdraw its sword, they had lateral power sufficient to enable them to “wiggle ouv” of the hole, and on this testimony the ship owners were paid abont $2,500, the amonnt claimed, In this country a similar case has never been brought into court, though accidents are extremely common. The little sloop Red Hot, used by Prof. Baird, of the Smithsonian, in the interest of the fish commission, was struck and sent to the bottom by a sword- fish; and Professor G. Browne Goode in his interesting report gives a long list of vessels that have been more or less injured in this way. ‘The Gloucester schooner Wyoming, on a trip to the George’s banks, was struck by a sword-fish at nignt, and with such force that the blow wae felt by all on board, the sword penetrating the plank a distance of two feet where it was broken by the terrible struvgles of the fish. ‘The vessel sprang aleak and the men were kept constantly at the pumps to keep her free. The brig P. M. ‘Tinker had a similar experience. She was eighteen days out from Rio when the crew felt a jar as if some floating object hac struck the vessel, and an examination soon after showed that she had made over ten inches of water. The men were kept stead- ily at the pumps until eft Norfolk, at which port the vessel was put in the drydock. Here a sword was found broken off below the bends, about sixteen feet abaft the fore- foot. ‘The force of this blow was enormous, the weapon penetrating the copper sheath- ing, a four-inch plank, then through the timbers about six inches—in all nearly a ‘foot. In many esses the attack of the sword- fish is entirely unprovoked, but sometimes it is made in revenge or rage. Captain Dv- er,a_ well-known sword-tisher of New Bed- ford, struek a fish once off Norman’s Land, that turned and rushed at the boat, send- ing its sword through the thick planking into the iron ballast, where it broke sharp off. The most remarkable case, illustrating the force of these fishes, is thatof the Ply- mouth whaler Fortue. When she was dry- docked a sword was found that had gone through the copper sheathing, an inch- board under the sheathing, a_ three-inch plank of hard wood, the solid white oak tim- ber twelve inches thick, then through anoth- er two-and-a-half-inch hard oak ceiling and finally into tie head of 2 barrel of oil, where it remained. The smack Evergreen, of Mystic, was struck oft Hatteras by a sword-fish and be- gan to leak so badly that they were obliged to ask another vessel to stand by and keep away for Charleston, When the vessel was laid down the sword was found to have pen- etrated the planking, timber and ceiling, so that an entire plank had to be taken out be- fore she could proceed on her voyage. In fact, a large volume could be filled with sim- ilar accounts, tending to show that the sword-fish is an enemy to be respected. The United States local inspectors who investigated the wreck of the steamer City Columbus with the loss of 75 of her 85 passengers, and 28 out Gf 45 of the crew, re- port that the backing of the engines after the ship struck wasa fatal mistake. ‘The report goes on to say: When the last course was given Mate Harding by Captain Wright, the ship was where any ordinary landsman could have taken her past the fatal rocks without chart or compass, We cannot help believing that had the special pilot been on duty no such disaster could bappen on such anight. The immediate and direct cause of this disaster was the neglect of the man or men to watch the ship’s course. Captain S. K, Wright was the only legal pilot on duty at the time of the disaster, and for two hourn immediately preceding and for at least one hour before she struck was not at the point of duty of the pilot attending to his actual duties; and as the master, for illegally delegating the performance of the duties of pilot to those unauthorized, and for inatten- tion to his duties as pilor, bis license as master and pilot is hereby revoked. ‘The officers of the steamer Glaucus, who sighted the wreek, and who did not go to it, as they did not think for a moment of ‘anyone be- ing on or near the wreck,’? ere not subject to any penalty. Ths case is perhaps the only instance in Without Medicine. A Valuable Discovery for supplying Magnetism to the Hu man System. Electricity and Magnetism wtilised as never before for Healing the Sick. 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In ordering send measure of waist, and size of shoe, Kemittance can be made in currency, sent in letter at our risk. F The Migneton Garments are adapted to all ages, are worn over the under clothing, not next to the body like the many Galvanic and Electric Humbugs advertised su extensively, and should be taken off: at pight. They hold their POWER FOREVER, and are worn at all seasons of the year. Send stamp tor the “New Departure in Medical treat- ment Withont Medicine,” with thousands of testi- mo. ials. THE MAGNET®ON APPLIANCE CO,, - 218 State Street, Chicago, Ill. Norr,—Send one dolliur in postage stamps or curren- cy, in letter at our risk, with size of shoe Usually worn, andtry our Magnetic Insoles, and be convince: of the ower residing in our other Magnetic A)pliances. ositively no cold feet when they are worn, or money refunded. % NSUMP I ION. have a positive remedy for the above disease; by its us: th sands of cases of the worst kind and of long standing have beencured. Indeed, so strong is my faith in Rs efficacy, that I willsond TWO BOTTLES FREE, together with a VA UABLETREATISE on this disease, to any sufferer. Give Ex- oress & P, O, address, DR, T, A, SLOCUM, 181 Pearl 8t., N. ¥. TRAVELERS’ REGISTER. LAKE SHORE & MICHIGAN SOUTHERN, Commencing Sunday, November 18, at 12 o’clock noon the time given in the figures below is the new standard (Ninetieth meridian) time, which is thirty-three min- utes slower than Cleveland time proper and twenty- eight mtnutes slower than the time heretofore in use (Columbus time) by these roads. Eastward. Fast New York Express. NY, B & A Express.. Elyria Accommodatio: Port Clinton Accommodation | Arrive. ; Depart. *1 07 AM) “1 224M *7 02 AM Nottingham [sunday only] Night Express..............0 Westward. Fast Limited Express,..... Mich Express via Sandusky Chicago Express via “* Mich Accom, Norwalk..... Conneaut Accommodation Nottingham, [Sunday only] Toledo Fxpress via Norwalk St Louis Ex via Sandusk C P Ex via Norwalk..... Port Clinton Accommodatio! Reference marks—* Daily, édaily, except Monday. Cleveland, Columbvs, Cincinnati apolis Railway, 710 07 PM | Arrive. | Depart. }:12. 52 Pm) .| *1 02 PM and Indian- Equipment New and Comprising all Modern Improvements, (Tickets by this popular route for sale at all regular T'cket Officer. E.-B. THOMAS, 0. B. SKINNER, General Manager. Traffic Manager. A. J. SMITH, General Passenger Agent. CLEVELAND, OHIO, CLEVELAND, COLUMBUS, CINCINNATI & INDI- ANAPOLIS, Commencing Sunday, November 18th, trains of the Bee Line—Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indian- apolis Railway —will !eave and arrive at Cleveland as follows, CENTRAL STANDARD TIME, 33 minutes slower than Cleveland time: Depart No. 1, Cincinnati & Columbus Express. * AM No. 11, Indianapolis & Wheeling Express...} 6:40 A M No. 17, Special Columbus & Cincinnati Ex.) 1:20 PM No. 8, Special Ind & St. Louis Express “1:40 PM No. ' Cin., Ind. & St, Louis express... No. 7, Gallion & CL & We ACC. eee *6:40 P M No No. 8, Gallion & C. L. & W. No 12, St, Louis & Indianapolis Express. No, 6, Col. Cin. & Indianapolis Express No, 4, Columbus & Cincinnati Express, No. 10, Wheeling Express .............. No, 14, Col., Cin’ & N.Y. Fast Line rains marked * Bunday. - New York, Pennsylvania & Obio R, R. NEW YORK, BOSTON AND THE EAst The Shortest and Quickest Route to Pitts. burg, Washington and Baltimore and the Southeast, Central or Ninetieth Meridien time. 33 mi: er than Cleveland city time. mates slow Until further notice trains will leave from the new Central Depot, South Water street and Viaduct as fol. lows: ATLANTIC EXPRESS—(Dail 6.50 a, I. man sleeping and hotel Soncheg ion avittshurgh 8:35 a, m. to New York, Albany and Boston without change. Arrive at Meadville at 10:40 a, m. (dinner) Franklin at 12:08 p. m, Oil City 12:80 p, m, Corry 12.25 p.m, Jamestown (Luke Chautauqua) 1.85 p’ m , Buffalo 5:50 p. m. Rochester 6:20 p, m.; Wor t ville 6:00 p m. [supper]; Corning 7:25 p. m. Elmira 8:06 p m. Binghanton 10:05 p. m., ‘Albany :00 a. m. Boston 1:45 p. m.; arriving at New York 6:15 a.m. ) 0 Nl LIMITED EXPRESS—Through Pull. ‘ D. + mao sleeping coach from Cleveland to New York. Arrives at Meadville at 6:30 p.m , James- town 8:47 p. m., Salamanca 9:45 p. m., New York 10:10 a. m, ‘ NIGHT EXPRESS—(Daily ¢: 11:00 I, i. Sunday) Seeping coach from Cleveland Horveilsville. Arrive at Youngstown at 1:50 a. m Meadville 3:25 a. m., Corry 4:59 a, m. Jamestown 5,57 a” * m, Buffalo 9:29 a. m., Rochester 12:58 p, m., Hornells, ville, 11:00 a m_, Corning 12:07 pm, Elmira 12:40 p. m.. Binghampton 2:19 p m,, New Pork 9:10 p m. dune at Piitsburgh 5:50 a. m., without change. ’ PITTSBURGH | EXPRESS — Daily — 2:20 D. I. Through without change, Parlor pried tached. Arrives at Youngstown 6.00 p m., Pittsburg 8:02 p.m., Washingion 7:09 a.m , Baltimore 8:19 a.m MAHONING ~~ AO MODATION ~~ ' Ay] D nh Stopping at all way s'auons, arriving at Youngsiown 6:55 p. u1., Sharon 8:01 p. m., Sharpesville 8:10 p. m. ‘ PITTSBURGH EXPRESS — Daily — 6:50 a. nl. Through without change. Arrives. at Youngstown 9..30 a.m., Sharon 10:30 a. m., Sharps- ville 10-40 a. m., Pit sburgh 1245p m., Returning, leaves Pittsburgh at 4:15 a. m., 7:45 a, m., 12:55 p. n., and 3:45 p m. ‘ YOUNGSTOWN AND PITTSBURGH 10 35 a Nl ACOMMODATION—Stopping ‘at al) Way stations, arriving at Youngstown 1:40 p. m., Pitts- burgh. 5.45 p.m. i : rains arrive at Cleveland, 6:15 a. m., 6: -m. 10.208 m; 1:05 p. m., and 9:43 p.m, 9 BPD Pe Wy BS>This isthe only route bs which engers can menich Cony: limita. Binghamptin, ew York City and intermediute points without change. N to Boston and New Engtand. Cities. id o change Baggage checked through to all points Fast F Through tickets and information regarding the Toute sap Beobisined ar the office 131 Bank street, and at new Depot of N. Y., K R., South Wat 2 and Viaduct, Cleveland, o. cs pect A. E, CLARK, Gen’! Pass’r Ag’t Cleveland, O. J,M FERRIS, Gen’l Man’gr, Cleveland, 0. M. L, FOUTS, Passenger Agt, 131 Bank St. Cleveland. The Nickel Plate! NEW YORK, CHICAGO & ST. LOUIS RAILWAY. The passenger equipment of this New Trunk Line is all new and is supplied with the latest appliances necessary to safe speedy and comfortable travel, At Chicago, passenger trnins arrive at and leave from the Union Depot, Van Buren street. Following is the time in effect Nov. 18, 1883, and un-~ til further notice: GOING EAST, Ly. Chicago.... Arr. Valparaiso... . wb Fort Wayne, ‘© New Haven.. ‘ West Leipsic. “ Arcadi ‘i Boetoriss 4 « Green Sprin, “« Bellevue Y. Ly. Bellevue, Arr Cleveland Ly. Cleveland, Arr Painesville “ Ashtabul: “ Conneaut “ Erie.. © Dunki « Buffalo GOING WEST. .947a.m. , “« Ly Buffalo... Aar Dunkirk. “ Painesville. Cleveland Ly Clevelan Arr Bellevue,. Ly Bellevue. “ Green Spring: “ ji * Arcadia, “ West Leipsic. “ New Haven.. “« Fort Wayne ” Valpraiso, ‘. Chicago. ee Trains run by the Ninetieth Meridian Time, which is nine minutes slower than Chicago time, twenty-eight minutes slower than Columbus time, thirty-three min- utes slower than Cleveland time, forty-four minutes slower than Buffalo time, and sixty minutes slower than the Seventp-fifth Meridien time. For information, call on nearest agent of the Com- pany, or address 7 B. F. HORNER, Gen’! Passenger Agent, LEVIS WILLIAMS, General Manager. Cleveland, O. Rocky River Accommodation departs at 6:20 a.m and 2:15 p m. Euclid Accommodation departs at 7:30 am and 10:12 pm. All trains daily except Sunday. GOL for the working elass. Send ten cents for pos- taye and we will mail you free, a royal, valua- ble box of sample goods that will put you in the way of making more money in a few Jays than you ever thought possible at any business. Capital not required. We will start you. Youcan work all the time or in spare time only. The work is universally adapted to both sexes, young and old. You can easily earp from 50 cents to $5 every evening. That all who want work may test the business, we make this unparalled offer; to all who are not well satisfied we will send $1 to pay for the trouble of writingus. Full particulars, direc- tions, ete,, sent free. Fortunes will be made by those who give their whole time to the work. Great success |} absolutely sure Don’t dela Start now, Address STINSON & Co., Portland, Maine, $66 a week athome. $5 00 outfit free. Pay absolutely sure. Norisk. Capital not required. Reader, if you want business at which persons of either sex, young or old, can make great pay all the time they | work, with absolute certainty, Write for particulars to (H. Hatter’, & Co,, Portland. Maine