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6 lTHE MARI NE RECORD. LAKE HURON. ITS EARLY HISTORY—FRENCH VOYAGEURS— THE SAGINAW RIVER—FUR TRADERS Special Correspondence Marine Record. Derroit, April 7. Early statisticians have had less to say of a historic character of Lake Huron than any other of the five great lakes save that it was a pussage way to and from points westward or eastward. As early, however, as 1610 it was visited by French explorers, and in 1682 it was penetrated by Father Sagard coast- ing in birch bark canoes, At this early period the country westward of Quebec was known as New France. In 1634 Jean Ni- collet, the first white man who set foot on Mackinae island, with a few Hurons and French, voyagers passed through this region enroute to Green Bay for the purpose of making a treaty with the Indians. ‘The Straits at that time was the pass for all the tribes from the South, In 1670 Father Mar- quette and Joliet passed through the Straits of Mackinaw on their way to the Mississippi, and in 1686, according to early, records, it bore the appellation of “La Pass ‘Toronto,”’ or the ‘Pass by ‘Toronto,’ or Bay of Toronto. In due course of time, when, af- ter. the country passed from the hands of the French, the name ‘Toronto drifted east- ward until it: reached the confines of Lake Ontario, where it was definitely settled, and where it now is and has been ever since taking its route via Lake Simcoe. ‘The low- er strata of Lake Huron and the terminus thereof, now known iis Fort Gratiot, was, at the above period, known as Fort St. Joseph. As is pretty generally known, no sail craft ever passed through this lake prior to the Griffon, in August, 1679, when the mission- aries had in view the conversion of the heathen and civilizing of the Indians; the “almighty dollar” was not lost sight of in the speculation of furs. In 1760 this whole region of country was lost to the French, when it fell into the hands of Great Britain. In 1780 a fort was constructed on the island by the British, in order to prevent a repeti- tion of the slaughter which had befallen their adversaries, the French. The United States came into possession of the island in 1793, but in the war of 1812 it was surprised and again fell into the hands of. the British until the declaration of peace in 1815, when it was returned to the jurisdiction of Uncle Sam. It became a port of entry as early as 1818, at which time William Henry Purt- huff was established in the commission and storage business. Prior to this time fre- quent. voyages by vessels were made here from Detroit in the freighting of supplies with the return of furs. In September, 1818, Adam D. Stewart was appointed the first collector of that port-by President Monroe. There was no other port of entry bordering on Lake Huron, with the exception of Goderich, on the Canadian coast, and for many years subsequently. The western or American coast of Luke Huron was a bar- ren wilderness, and Saginaw (Sagana) was comparatively unknown and unheard of un- til well nigh 1840. With the marines of that date Saginaw Bay was the terror of Lake Huron, and when crossed a great relief was felt. Penetanguishene, in Canadian waters, was the chief point beyond Goderich visited by Canadian vessels, with an occasional voyage up the Sault river for the purpose of traffic in turs and supplies. ‘The steamboat Walk-in-the-Water made her first voyage to Mackinaw in July, 1820, and the Superior to the Sault St. Marie in July, 1822. ‘The for- mer was commanded by Captain J. Rogers, the latter by Captain W. ‘I’. Pease. Trading between Detroit and Goderich at that period were the schooner Nation’s Guest, Captain Boss ; schooner 8. B. Oliver Newberry, Cap- tain Arthur Edwards, in 1834, occasional trips; schooner Adelaide, Captain McCor- mick, in 1836; Catharine, Captain Dunlap, and Mary Jane, Captain Hay. ‘lo Macki- naw the schooner Austerlitz, Captain Au- gustus McKinstry; in. 1834, schooner Julieete, Crptain John Shook ; Oregon, Cap tain Brooks; schooner John Grant, Captain Rogers; schooner Indiana, Captain Whita- ker; stenmboat Michigan, Captain W.T, Pease, and other craft, each making occa- sional voyages. In 1836 the following vessels were traftic- ing on Lake Huron to Mackinaw, the Sault and other points: schooner Elizabeth Ward, Captain Robert McKniff; schooner Roches- ter, Captain Lindsay; schooner Naney Dousman, Captain Sutliff; schooner Napo- leon, Captain John Stewart, and schooner Wave, Captain Robinson. The Saginaw river began to. be visited as early as 1834, but the voyages were but few and far apart. In 1836 the schooner Mary Elizabeth, Captain Penrose, made’ several voyages, and the steamer Gov, Marcy, com- manded by Captain O. D. Simons, :was ply- ing between Buffalo and that locality, which Was about the commencement of steam com- munication to that place. Vessels, however, visited the “Sagana” river in 1833 and the fol- lowing were advertised to trade there from Detroit: Schooner Utica, Captain Fearson ; Nation’s Guest, Captain Case; schooner Morning Star, Captain R. MeKnitfh. ‘The supplies taken there were whisky, flour and salt. The return freights were fish, furs, sugar, peltries and potatoes. John Jacob Astor started the fur trading business at Mackinaw, but subsequently sold out to Ramsey Crooks in 1834, atter which period the traffic gradually declined. Such is a brief sketch of Lake Huron, a basin of. water 300 miles long; greatest breadth, 60 miles; mean depth, 600 feet; ele- vation 274 feet; area, 20,000 square miles, and I opine there is but little more to asso- ciate with it. ‘The loss of life and property on that lake within comparatively a few years has been terrible to contemplate, not withstanding there are plenty of good har- bors and leas,.as well as lighthouses and beacons. Although the record of all that has occurred is at hand, L have not the space at present to devote to so harrowing a tale. On the American shore of Lake Huron there are twenty-three lighthouses and beacons, On the Canadian coast twenty-seven light- houses and beacons are located at conven- ient distances, yet on either coast artificial harbors are by far too deticient, and ship- wrecks will continue until in due course of time the needed - protection is provided for those “who go down to the sea in ships.’’ J. W.H. CUYAHOGA WORKS, Established in 1834. MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF MARINE ENCINES HEAVY MACHINERY, Cor. Detroit & Center-Sts, CLEVELAND, 0. Pec ale ae le ect lt edegaed to HARD A-PORT AND STOP AT Capt. Dahlke’s ONE PRICE BOOT AND SHOE STORE And Examine a Fine Line of Spring Goods at Very Low Prices. 297 Pearl-st., Cleveland,0. BODIELD & CO, 8 South Water-st Cleveland DEALERS IN RUBBER GOODS Agents for Akron Rubber Co.’s Valves, Hose, Packing, etc, FOR SALE, awew, Iron Tue. Dimensions 78 feet long, 17 feet beam, 11 feet deep; draft, 9 1-2 feet; engine, 20x20, uew steel boi'er 7 feet in diameter, 13 feet long, allowed 112 pounds steam. ‘three iron breast hooks forward, collision bulkhead forward water light bulkhead forward of boiler; iron coa' bunkers, water tight bulkhead aft at shaft-gland, with water ight iron deck forming the floor of after cabin. 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Send stamp for the ‘New Departure in Medical treat- ment wyithont Medicine,” with thousands of testi- monials. 4 ; THE MAGNETON APPLIANCE CO,, 218 State Street, Chicago, Ill. Nore.—Send one dollar in postage stamps or curren- cy,in letter at our risk, with size of shoe iisually worn, andtry our Magnetic Insoles, and be convince of the power residing in our other Magnetic Appliances. ~giltively no cold feet when they are worn, or money refunded. Boat washing and general laun- dry in a few hours. CLEVELAND STEAM LAUNDRY, 33 St. Clair Street. Telephone 118. AGENT wanted for The Lives of all the Presidents of the U.S. The largest, handsomest, best book ever sold for le«s than twice our price. 1he fast- est selling book in America Immense profits to agents. Allinteligent people want it. Any one can become a suceessiul ngent. Terms free. Hatt-etT.Book Co., Portland, Maine. TRAVELERS’ REGISTER. LAKE SHORE & MICHIGAN SOUTHERN. Commencing Sunday, November 18, at 12 o’clock noon the time given in the figures below is the new standard (Ninetieth meridian) time, which is thirty-three min- utes slower than Cleveland time proper and twenty- eight mtnutes slower than the. time heretofore in use (Columbus time) by. these roads. Eastward. | Arrive. | Depart. Fast New York Express “1 07am) Qam NY, B & A Express. *6 37 a Mi *7 02 AM Elyria Accommodation. 8 07 AM)... os Port Clinton. Accommodation Buffalo Accommodation., N Y &B Fast Express, Cin. & St. Louis Express... Conneaut Accommodation, Nottingham [~unday only] Night Express.........cceces Westward. Fast Limited Express... Mich Express via Sandus! Chicago Express via “ Mich Accom, Norwalk. Conneaut Accommodati Nottingham, [Sunday onl 47 Toledo Fxpress via Norwal t 02 St Louis Ex via Sundusky.. 1 25 C P Ex via Norwalk. “6 32 PM Port Clinton Accomm +4 32pm Reference marks—* Daily, { daily, except Sunda édaily, except Monday. ot us i a BEE LINE CLEVELAND, COLUMBUS, CINCINNATI & INDI- ANAPOLIS, Commencing Sunday, November 18th, trainsof the Bee Line—Clevelund, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indian- apolis Railway —will leave and arrive at Clevelant as follows, CENTRAL STANDARD TIME, 33 minutes slower than Cleveland time: ae _ = epart No. 1, Cincinnati & Columbus Express....., 47:30 A M No. 11, Indianapolis & Wheeling Express...] 6:40 A M No. 2, Col. & Cin. & Ind. Express, No. 8, Gallion & C, L. & W. Acc. No 12, 8t, Louis & Indianapolis No. 6, Col. Cin. & Indianapolis No, 4, Columbus & Cincinnati No. 10, Wheeling Express .. No, 14, Col, Cin’ & N.Y: marked * deity, all other trams daily except ("Tickets by this popular route for aale at all regular Teket Offices, E. B. THOMAS, 0. B. SKINNER, General Manager. Traffic Manager. A. J. SMITH, General Passenger Agent. CLEVELAND, OHIO, New York, Pennsylvania & Ohio R, R. NEW YORK, BOSTON AND THE ragy The Shortest and Quickest Route to Pitts. burg, Washington pnd Baltimore and the Southeast, Central or Ninetieth Meridien time. 38 erinen Cleveland gity time. minntes dow ntil further notice trains will leave fro: Central Depot, South Water street and Viaduct aur lows: ATLANTIC EXPRESS—(D; . a, ih. man sleeping and hotel a pina Feavittsnutgh os a. et i New York, Albany a joston without change. Arrive 7 m. (dinner) Franklin st 12:08 9. Sitgitte at 10 wm 8, # . m, Oil City 12:80 p Corry 12.35 p.m, Jamestown ke Chaut: id vill Buffalo 5:80 : me one P: ville p. m. Rochester §:20 6:00 p m. [supper]; Corning 7:25 p m. Binghanton 15:05 p.m, ‘Albany 300 a. m. 1:45 p. m.; arriving at New, York 6:15 a.m. . 9°90 D, 1, GMITED EXPRESS—Through Pun. 1 D. + mao sleeping coach from Cleveland to New York, Arrives at Meadville at 6:30 p, m James. town 8:47 p. m., Salamanoa 9:45 p. m., New York 10:10 a. m. A NIGHT “EXPRESS— (Dail 11:00 ). I. Sunday) Seeping coach from Cleveland Hornellsville. Arrive at Youngstown at 1:50 a. Meadville 3:25 a, m., Corry 4:59 a. m, Jamestown 5,57 m, Buffalo 9:20 a. m., Rochester 12:58 p, m., Horne! ville, 11:00 a m_, Corning 12:07 pm, Elmura 12:49 a ‘Binghampton 2:19 p m,, New York 9:10 p.m. Atrivg at Pittsburgh 5:50 a_m., without change. bi 590 Nl PITTSBURGH EXPRESS — Daily — ‘i D. . Through without change, Parlor car ate tached. Arrives at Youngstown 5:00 p m., Pittsbur, 8:02 p. m., Washington 7:09 a. m , Baltimore 8:19 a, = 1] nl MAHONING AOMMODATION _ 4 D. + Stopping at all way stations, arviving at aupesiows 6:55 p. m., Sharon 8:01 p. m., Sharpesville 310 p. m. 1 PITTSBURGH EXPRESS — Daily — 6:50 a. i. Through without change. Artives at town 9..30 a. m., Sharon. 10:80 a. m., Sharps ville 10:40 a. m., Pittsburgh 12 45 +» Returning, leaves Pittsburgh at 4:15 a. m., 7TH a. m., 12:55 p. n., and 3:45 p m. YOUNGSTOWN AND PITTSB 10 35 a Il, ACOMMODATION—Stopping nag Way stations, arriving at Youngstown 1:40 Pp. m., Pitte burgh. 54 Be m.° , rains arrive at Cleveland, 6:15 a. m., 6: : 10.20 8. m; 1:05 p. m., and 9:45 p.m, 1 6:00.p sale 8@-Thisisthe only route by which Dgers can reach Corry, Elmira, Binghampton, ew York City and interm te ints without change. to Boston and ‘New England Cities, 86." NO change Baggage checked through to all points East Through tickets and information regarding the route oo ne obtained i ee otiee 18] Bank street, and at new Depot of N. Y.. -» South Wat » E. CLA Gen’) Pass’r Ag’t Cleveland. 0. J. M FERRIS, Gen’l Man’gr, Cleveland, 0. M. L, FOUTS, Passenger Agt, 131 Bank St. Cleveland. Saas EEEEEEERneieenes sore RRS “The Nickel Plate! NEW YORK, CHICAGO & ST. LOUIS RAILWAY. The passenger equipment of this New Trunk Line is all new and is supplied with the latest appliances necessary to safe speedy and comfortable travel, At Chicago, passenger trains antive at and Jeave from the Union Depot, Van Buren street. Following is the time in effect Nov. 18, 1288, and un- til further notice: GOING EAST, except Youn, Ly. Chicago.. Arr. Valparai: . “Fort Wayne. 1.00 «New Haven.. 1.35 West Leipsic. 8.45 “ Arcadi 444 4 * Fostoria.. 4.57 Green Springs 5.44‘ “ Bellevue .... 1 p.m, : Ly. Cleveland. Arr Painesville “ Ashtabula.. “ 3 “ 4.52 ‘ 4.57“ 7.35“ ‘* Painesville. “ Cleveland. Lv Cleveland. Arr Bellevue.,, Ly Belleyue. “ Green Springs. “ Fostoria... £ Arcadia... “ West Leipsic. “ New Haven... i“ Fort Wayne. »” Valpraiso, *. Chicago... j Trains run by the Ninetieth Meridian Time, which is nine minutes slower than Chicago time, twentysclebt minutes slower than Columbus time, thirty-three min- utes slower than Cleveland time, forty-four minutes slower than Buffalo time, and sixty minutes slower than the Seventp-fifth Meridien time. For information, call on nearest agent of the Com- pany, or address B. F. HORNER, Gen’l Passenger Agent, LEVIS WILLIAMS, General Manager. Cleveland, O. Rocky River Accommodation departs at 6:20 a.m and 2:15 pm. Euclid Accommodation departs at 7:30 am and 10:12 pm. All trains daily except Sunday. Vesselmen SHOULD HAVE OUR MARINE LAW BOOK, Contaming all points of MARINE LAW as de- termined by the United States Courts - ——ON —_—s Seamen, Owners, Freights, Charters, Towage, Registry, CoNisions, Knrolhnents, General Average, Common Carriers, Duties of Seamen, Masters & Owners, Bill of Luding, Wages, &c. The volumn is handsomely bound in stif’ Board covers, and tine English cloth binding. Sent to any address postage paid for $1.00.