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- THE MARINE RECORD HOW COLLISIONS OCUUR At’ 8EA.| A writer in an English journal gives a very. plausible solution of the cause of 60 many collisions at sea. Indeed, after his statement, one wonders that there are not more collisions. Itis siaply wonderful that there should be so few when it is known that the orders of the pilots are 80 linble to * be misconstrued. ‘The writer makes the following statement: ‘ “The story of ‘por’ and ‘starboard’ is a very curious one; and now the subject of collisions is occupying the. attention of the country it will no doubt receive considera- tion. Forty years ago, on-the Introduction ot steam, Sweden and Norway, in conse- quence of the intricacy of their navigation, were obliged to udopt the practice whereby the word of command In steering should ap- ply to the ship’s Aead, and not to the ship’s helm, A tew years after this a’ French man- of-war, coming outof Christiansund with a Norwegian pilot (France at that time tol- lowing the present practice of England,) in consequence of a misunderstanding of the steering order wert full speed upon the rocks. The French then issued an order to their navy to exercise in this matter care and discretion; and a French admiral, for some years naval attache to the French em- bagsy in London, has stated that he never took a pilot without immediately inquiring of him how he understood the expressions of port and starboard (babord et tribord). Things ran on in this way. for fifteen yeare, when in consequence of the stir which was being made in Norway and Sweden, the French issued instructions to their navy to follow the practice of Sweden and Nor- way; but they did not issue the order to their merchant service till four years after- ward; therefore during this peried their navy, in obedience to the same order, was going one way and their merchant service another, About four years ago Norway and Sweden, France and Austria issued de- erees obligatory upon all their subjects, ‘that the motion of the pilot’s arm, the di- rection of the ship’s head, and the word of command shall correspond.’ But this is di- rectly opposite the practice of England; and in these days of great and increasing international communication, when English ships aré hourly going into foreign ports and foreign ships are coming into ours, and when, moreover, the crews of ships are made up of men of every nationality, it be- hooves us to consider how the matter stands in England, the greatest maritime country in the world, and in Germany, with her in- fant navy following in her wake. “About ten years ago the steamehip North Star, bound out to Nerway, came down the river ‘Thames; it was a Novembe) evening, just after dark, and the pilot and the captain were on the bridge and the helmsman at the stern, 150 feet apart. As she approached the Liechart, a sailing ship full of emigrants ly- ing at anchor at the Nore about two points on her starboard, bow, the pilot turned on the telegraph steering lamp, green (green means starboard), and the ship’s head went to starboard, and ran into the Liechart; and beeause the ship’s head went to the right when the pilot intended it should go to the left, he jumped to the conclusion that the captain had tampered with the telegraph lamp; so he knocked the captain down, and. the captain went below and entered in the log that the pilot wasdrunk. At the inquiry afterward, held at. Greenwich, the helms- man ewore that he starbonrded, but ro one had the sense, in cross-examination to aek him what way he starboarded. Did he starboard the shins head, or did he star- board the ship’s helm? Sinmilarly, in the collision between the Alberta and the Mis- tletoe, the quartermaster of the Alberta gave the ‘following evidence: ‘The order was given by the word of mouth, the usual cus- tom is by motion’ (the order starboard by word of mouth implying to go tothe left and starboard by motion to go to the right), and no one asked Lim what he meant. And with regard to this steering by motion (pointing,) last June twelvemonth I went to Sheerness in 2 saloon steamship (I thirk the Princess Alice,) and [ noticed that when the captain pointed (indication of the finger) the ship’s head went in the same direction. On my return # week afterward, from Rams- gate, J noticed that when the captain point- ed the ship’s head went in a contrary direc- tion. I expressed my great surprise at thie and was told that the practice at sea and in the river was different. “From the first the Germans have never wavered 1n their finding that the cause of the collision of the ironclads was a mistake in the steering order. On board the North German steamship Franconia there were two pilots, an English pilot and a French pilot. ‘The Englieh pilot had charge of the ship, namely, from Grimsby to the South Sand Head Light; and when he gave the or- der to port, according to the custom and practice of England, it implied to go to the right. When the French pilot had charge of the ship and he gives the order to port, according to the decree of the French gov- ernment, it implles to go to the left. Dur- ing the interval the captain had charge, when the FranconiaXan into the Strathelyde in broad daylight, both vessels going the same way. In the rules applicable both to sea and river, which have been twenty- eight times printed with the votes by order of the house of commons, I use the expres- jons right and left; but the terms port and rboard are so thoroughly ingrained in the nautical mind that they might still be | retained by law, provided they denoted right aud left, And inno country can words so distinctive as these for steerlug orders be found, it is possible that in any contemplat- ed revision of the law, which must be eub- mitted to foreign countries, foreign. countries might be Induced to adopt them as for unl- versal application and use, provided the great aGvantege of doing so were pointed out to them. But the cause of the late accl- dent is still under consiceration, and any observations with regard to the steering and sniling rules must be left till after the ver- dict.” THE ‘TRANSFORMED METEOR. Among the arrivals at this porton the 5th instunt was the schooner Nelson Bloom with a cargo of 1,047 tons of ore from Escanaba. She came in as a tow of the eteambarge Key- stone and carried this amount of freight on a draft of thirteen feet six inches. ‘This is her first appearance here in her present shape and this gathers special interest in view of the fact. that betore her transformation she was the propeller Meteor, built in 1864 by Quayle and Martin, at this port, and sailed regularly between this harbor and Duluth, and wag, in her time and under that name, a weli known cratt on the chain of lakes, and but for .a serious mishap she might still-be sailing these waters as a mer- chandise propeller. ‘This misfortune was no less than a fire and. an explosion, which left nothing to float but her bottom. This dis- aster happened while she was sailed by Cap- tain John Robinson in about the year 1872, and overtook her while on an up trip from Cleveland, and just as she was Jetting go her lines after a stop at Detroit. ‘The cause of the explosion was aquantity of powder and oil, which she was carrying at the time, and which was ignited by the flames. . What was left of her hull was towed out of the way at Detroit, and left until four years ago,. when it was secured by Messra. Harrow, Lozen and Baker, the. last two named gentlemen of New Baltimore, Mich.. and the first named of Algonae, and it wus to the latter port she was towed for a rebuild and came out.in her present shape, as a barge, from that port three years ago, costing her owners about $20,000, and named the Nelson Bloom from a prominent sailmaker at Detroit. Since that time she has sailed mainly between Buy City ard Buffalo in the lumber and coal trade. Captain Murch, -who sailed the steamer Northern Light for afew years, was also master of the old Meteor, and the mus- ter of the present vessel is Captain Gilbert ‘Townsend, with Mr. Stephen Lyon as mate, _NEW WINDLASSES. The schooner building at Belfast, Me., for Messrs. I. W. & P. Armstrong, ot New Haven, Conn.,isto havea Providence patent pump brake windlaes; this firm have used the Providence windlass of different styles for many years. The steamer building by American Ship Building Co. for Merchants and Miners Transportation Co. will have a Providence steam capstan windlass, new style; also, a Providence steain capstan aft to handle her steam lines, those on the D. H. Miller, Allegheny and Berkshire having proved themselves of great advantage in practical use. The steam reek ing tox building by Wm. Cramp & Sons, for Messers. Spreckels, of San Francisco, Cal., is to have » Providence steam pump brake windlass, similar to the one put on the tug Georgia W. Pride, jr., of Philadelphia. This windlass on the lust- named tug has proved very efficient for wrecking purposes, in pulling vessels off when aground, and when lying at anchor at the break water, in getting under way quickly when there is a chance to tow. a vessel. The lighthouse steamer building at Mac- cau, N.S., for the Canadian Government, is to have a Provirlence steam capstan windlass, new. style, to handle the anchors and for use in settling the buoys, ete. ‘his steamer is to replace one that was loat in going from the shipyard to be delivered to the Government, She had on an English windlass, and getting into a tight place, let go both anchors, but owing to defects in the windlass, the chains ran out, tearing off the frstninge, and went overboard—the vessel fnd all hands were lost. ‘They have therefore decided to come to this country for a windless and have naturally selected the windlass so un- iversully used here. The last of the six scows built at Oconto during the past senson by the Oconto Cofn- pany for carrying lumber »to Chicago, was launched last week. It is claimed that lighthouse district No, 11 is going to be divided into two districts, It inclndes Lake Superior, Michigan and’ No. 28, ! No.9, Col., Cin., Ind & St. Louis Huron and the rivers, It is too large for one tender. District No, 12 will probably be established this summer, The Ozaukee, a sidewheel steamer which foundered off Ashland on the 27th of May, is well known at this port, being formerly the property of F. B. Gardner, of Little Sturgeon. She was brought to these waters from the Mississippi in the summer of 1866, and remained here until 1878, when she was sold to parties at Ashland. Since that time the steamer has been engaged in towing on Lake Superior. ‘The disaster was caused by heavy seas which broke over her while out in the lake.—Sturgeon Bay Advocate. Cc. E. BENHAM, S17 Detroit Street, KEEPS IN STOCK A Full Line of Vessel Supplies, Lubricating and Lamp Oils of the Best Quality, AND A GENERAL LINE OF LAMPS, CROCK- ERY AND TABLE CUTLERY. OPEN DAY AND NIGHT. TELEPHONE NO. 1540. From 10 to 25 per cent Saved BY BUYING SUPPLIES AT JOHN SCHEUFLER’S Cash Crocery, OPPOSITE FRED GROCH’S COAL OFFICE. SANDUSKY, OHIO. MARINE SUPPLIES A SPECIALTY. STEADY STARBOARD | AND STOP AT | Capt. Dahlke’s ONE PRICE BOOT ANDSHOE STORE And Examine a Fine Line of Spring Goods at Very Low Prices. 297 Pearl-st., Cleveland,0. CRUMMOND’S Mackinac Line, na,’Oscoda, jake anc river mace, Cheboygan, Al For Mackinac. t and intermediate St.I Port Huron, Detro’ ports. Steamer ATLANTIO, Oapt. D. Nicholson, Leaves Cleveland every Friday evening at 8 o'clock. During the warm weather and pleasure season the Steamer Atlantic New York, Pennsylvania & Ohio R, R, NEW YORK, BOSTON AND THE Eagr, The Shortest and Quickest Route te Pitts. burg, Washington and Baltimore and the Southeast, Central or Ninetieth Meridien time, 83 mi; er than Cleveland city time. nites dow Until further notice trains will leave from the new Central Depot, South Water street and Viaduct as fol. lows: ATLANTIC EXPRESS—(Dail 6.50 a, I. man sleeping and hotel Moeebas Rae Leavittshurgh 8:35 a. m, to New York, Albany ang Boston without change. Arrive at Meadville at Tis a. m. (dinner) Franklin at 12:08 p.m, Oil City 12:80 p.m; Corry 12.35 p. m, Jamestown (Luke Chautauqua) 1.35 p’ m , Buffalo 5:50 p. m. Rochester 8:20 p. m.; Hornell;. ville £00 p.m. [eup ex; Coralng. 7228 on: Elmira 8:05, . m. Binghanton 10:05 p. m., ny 5:00 a. m. Bos Pass p- m.; arriving at New York 6:15 a.m. 00) ) 9) LIMITED EXPRESS—Through Pull. ' D. » mao sleeping coach from Cleveland to New York. Arrives at Meadville at 6:30 p.m , James- town 8:47 p. m., Salamanca 9:45 p. m., New York 10:10. a. m. ' NIGHT EXPRESS—(Dail exce 11:00 D. I. Sunday) Seeping coach from Clevelagd Hornellsville. Arrive at Youngstown at 1:50 a. m, Meadville 3:25 a. m., Corry 4:59 a. m. Jamestown 5,57 a. m, Buffalo 9:20 a. m., Rochester 12:58 p, m., Hornells. ville, 11:00 a m_, Corning 12:07pm, Elmira 12:40 p. m, Binghampton 2:19 p m,, New York 9:10 p. m. Aurive at Pittsburgh 5:50 a. m., without change. 90 PITTSBURGH | EXPRESS — Daily — ’ D. ll. aEnTOug without change, Parlor car ate tached. Arrives at Youngstown 5:00 p m., Pittsburg 8:02 p. m., Washington 7:09 a. m., Baltimore 8:19 a.m.’ A'\] MAHONING AOMMODATION — Fi D. Nh. Stopping at all way stations, arviving at Youngstown 6:55 p. m., Sharon 8:0] p. m., Sharpesville 8:10 p. m. rl 6:50 PITTSBURGH EXPRESS — Daily — . a. I. Through without change. Arrives at Youngstown 9..30 a. m., Sharon 10:30a. m., 8 ville 10:40 a. m., Pittsburgh 1245p m., Heturnibg, leaves Pittsbuigh at 4:15 a. m., 7;45 a. m., 12:55 p. m., and 8:45 p,m. 10 35 YOUNGSTOWN AND PITTSBURGH a. I, ACOMMODATION—Stopping at ali Way stations, arriving at Youngstown 1:40 p. m.,Pitte- burgh, 5.45 p. m Trains arrive arth i 1. ite b hich js isthe only route by whic! gers can reach Corry Elmira, Binghampton, New York City" and intermediate points without change. ,.No change to Boston and New England Cities. e Baggage checked through to all points Fast Through tickets and information regarding the route can be obtained at the office 131 Bank street, and at new Depot of N. Y.,P & O.R R., South Water street and Viaduct, Cleveland, O. A. E CLARK, Gen’) Pass’r Ag’t Cleveland, O. J.M FERRIS, Gen’)! Man’gr, Cleveland, O. M. L, FOUTS, Passenger Agt, 18] Bank St, Cleveland. - The Nickel Plate! NEW YORK, CHICAGO & ST. LOUIS “at Cleveland, 6:15 a. m., 6:80 p. m., m; 1:05 p. m., and 9:45 p. m, Will extend the regular trip on to Petoskey,. Harbor prings and Churlevoix. CLEVELAND FORWARDING CO., Agents, Office and Dock, Foot of Superior-st., Cleveland. DAVID BARNHISEL, Agent. DOMESTIC & STEAM COAL Cleveland, _ TRAVELERS’ REGISTER. LAKE SHORE & MICHIGAN SOUTHERN. Commencing Sunday, May 11, 1884, at 12 o’clock noon the time given in the figures below is the new standard (Ninetieth meridian) time, which is thirty-three min- utes slower than Cleveland time proper: Eastward. | Arrive | Depart. No 4, Fast Limited Express. No 8, N Y,B & A+ Express.. No 26, Elyria Accommodation No 35, Buffalo Ac’m via Bandusky/f10 35 No 35, Toledo Accom via Norwalk Q Ohio Westward. | Arrive. | Depart, No 1, Fast Limited Express, “91 55 a M12 AM No 23,Mich Express via Sand °2 15 AM| "2 a AM No 3, Chicago Exprers via “ #6 05 aM| 6 304M No 25, Mich Accom Norwalk.... «| T6 104M No 21, Toledo Ex via Norwalk. M i 20PM No 5, St Louis Ex via Sundusky../{12 15 PM] 12 40 PM No 9,Chi’ Pac Fx via Norwalk... 6 06 PM| “62° PM No 81, Elyria ac to Elyria only. ren +4 80.P No 27. Conneaut Accommodation! +8 i Sunday train for Nottingham-. Depart 8:30 a. and | m, and .M Refere nurks—* Daily, daily, except Sunda édaily, excent Monday. Le R ue For full information as to trains and. counections ap- ply at the new city ticket office, corner Seneca and St. lair streets, Lake Shore block, CLEVELAND, COLUMBUS, CINCINNATI & INDI- ANAPOLIS, Commencing Sunday, May 11, 1884 trainsof the Bee Line—Cleveland, ‘olum bus, Cincinnati & Indian- apolis Kailway —will !eave and arrive at Clevelancd as follows, CENTRAL STANDARD TIME, 33 minutes slower than Cleveland time: m, m.; returning, leave Nottingham at 9:05 a, No. 8, Cincinnati & Columbus Express Galion & Wheeling Express 40 AM Cole, | ; *6:40 PM No, 5, Col. Cin., Ind, & St. Louis Exp: 2 85 PM No. 24, Gallion & C.L & W. Acc,, 4:30 P M No. 8, Col. & Cin. & Ind. Exprei No. 20,GaHion & C. L.& W. Acc No 12, St, Louis & Indianapolis Exp: No, 2, Col. Cin. & Indianapolis Express No, 14, Cohumbus & Cincinnati Expres: No. 22, Wheeling Express 6:45 PM No, 4, Col., Cin” & N. Y. Bast Line ~ NB AM Trains marked * daily, all other trains daily excent Bunday E. B. THOMAS, 0. B SKINNER, General Manager. Traffic Manager. A. J. SMITH, ‘+ neral Passenger Agent. CLEVELAND, OHIO, RAILWAY. The passenger equipment of this New Trunk Line is all new and is supplied with the latest appliances necessary to safe speedy and comfortable travel, At Chicago, passenger trains ar1ive at and leave from the Union Depot, Van Buren street. Following is the time in effect Nov. 18, 1283, and un- til further notice: GOING EAST, Ly. Chicago... Arr. Valparai _ Fort Wayn “New Have Arr Cleveland. Ly. Cleveland. “ Ashtabula, Conneaut, rie... Dunkirk, Buffalo. GOING WEST. -9 Ashtabula. “ Painesvill “ Cleveland. 2 Fort Wayn » Valpraiso * Chicago.. Through tickets to all points offices of the company. of tickets d:sired. Baggage checked to destination For information, call on nearest agent of the Com- | pany, or address B, F. HORNER, ' en’] Passenger Agent. LEVIS WILLIAMS, a al NG , General Manager. Cleveland, O. GOL for the vorking taye and we will ble box of sample goods that will of making more money in a few thought possible at any business. Capital not required. We will start you. ou can work all the time or in spare time only. The work is universally adapted to both sexes, young and old. You can easily earp from 50 cents to $5 every evening. That all who want work may test the business, we make this unparalled offer; to all who are not well satisfied we will send $1 to pay for the trouble of writing us. Full particulars, direc- tions, etc,, sent free. Fortunes will be made by those who give their whole time to the work. Great suecess absolutely sure Don’t dela Start now. Address Stinson «& Co., Portland, Maine, and receive Send six cents for postage, A PRIZE. free, a costly box of lage which will help you to more money Tight away than anything else in this world. All, of either sex, succeed from first class, Send ten cents for B= mail you free, a royal, valua- ut you in the way ays than you ever j hour. The broad road to fortune opens before the | workers, ayolutely sure. Atonce address,TRUE & Co., | Augusta, nine. WILLIAM FORDE, SHIP BROKER, Vessel & Marine Ins. Agent. NE. Cor, Columbus Ave, & Water St, SANDUSKY, OHIO,