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THE MARINE RECORD. Published Every Thursday at 144 Superior Street, (Leader Building.) A. A. POMEROY, Editor and Proprietor. — rr TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One year, postage paid Six months, postage paid. Invariably in advance. Subscriptions will be continued until ordered stop- ped by a written order, or at the publication office: The MARINE RECORD can be found for sale by the following news dealers.: CLEVELAND, OHIO—G F Bowman, corner of Pearl and Datroit, streets. CHICAGO, ILL.—Joseph Gray, No. 9 West Randolph street, ; a BUFFALO, N. Y.—C. Rohmer, Swing Bridge. SARNIA, ONT.—D. M. McMaster & Co. EsCANABA, MICH,—William Godley. MANISTEE, MICH.—J. E. Somerville. Articles, letters and queries on all subjects are solici- ted. vi 1.00 Michigan street ADVERTISING RATES. ‘en centa per line, nonpareil measurement, or $1.20 per inch, each insertion; tour weeks $4.00; with a liberal discount on orders amounting to $40.00 or over. | the difticulty, ‘he amount of water flowing ! [ Cleveland—Continued from 1st Page.) ; through Detroit river being insufficient to represent ull that passes — that point from below, he thinks there must be a sub- terranean river trom Lake Huron to Lake Ontario, flowing undévreath Lake Erie and emptying into Lake Ontario. These upper lakes have no outlet, at least for the quantity of water that comes down, unless by this mysterious stream. The only reason he gives for this belief, outside of the apparent necessity, is that all the St. Lawrence fiehes are taken in every one of the lakes but Lake Erie, and they are not in the latter because they follow the course of the subterranean stream to enter the waters of the upper lakes. ‘This theory supposes that. St. Law- rence fish having once reached the upper lakes can not come down iuto Lake Erie, and makes a fatal stab at the very life of the idea, Beside the natural downwarc flow of water can, by computation, be very well ta- ken care of by the rivers that connect the lnkes, to say nothing of the quantity con: sumed by evaporation. BILLS OF LADING. Bills of lading have by custom of the law merchant become a sort of negotiable or quasi negotiable instruments. That is in the hands of a purchaser or bona fide holder for All checks and drafts should be drawn to the order of A. A. Pomeroy. Entered at the Post Office at Cleveland as second- class mai] matter. CLEVELAND, OHIO, THURSDAY, JULY 31, 1884. value they represent the property described in the bills. This being the case both ship- pers and carriers should understand the pertaining to such bills. . —— THE NEED OF HARBOR POLICE. The frequent reports of pillage and ma- licious destructionof property, which come to our knowledge from day to day frou dif- ‘terent porte, demonstrates the fact thata sys- tem of harbor police should be organized. It was only last week that depredations of |: this nature occurred at’ Chicago harbor, a number of wharf rats or vagabonds having -destroyed the foresailof the schooner West- chester after having slept in it. ‘These seemingly petty acts of depredation and thieving cause vessel masters very much de- lay and expense, for a day, or it muy be for two or three days, added to the time con- sumed in making a trip may cost hundreds of dollars, beside which sum the actual dam- -.nge dwindles into insignificance. All ports, both small and large, should be protected |. by an efficient body of police. In plying their trade thieves do not neglect the small ports, where, with more security against capture, they can commit great depredation. ‘These petty thieves naturally seek the poorly lighted localities for their operations, along the docks and among theshipping. Whatis the sense in having a dozen stalwart police- men patroling the most populous and best lighted sections of a city, where thieves are scarce and detection easy, and leave the lo- calities where thieves congregate almost un protected. Allowing that vessels have pri- vate watchmen on duty to protect property, which has become a necessity through the neglect of the municipal authorities to give them any security, do not merchants also have their.own police to a large extent, which places both classes of property on much the same footing in the matter, the case remains thesame. Neither can rightfully be left to guard their own property entirely for the reason that they wish to make them- selves more secure at their own expense. There should be one or more steam launches in each harbor for patrol work in addition to any land patrolmen and other watchmen that might be on duty in the neighborhood, and vesselmen should unite in making this need known to the authorities and demand that. it be acted upon, especially as the cost would be comparatively slight. —$—<$< $$. A RIVER UNDER THE LAKE, Were we disposed to credit the theory of some scientist, whose name is unfortunately not given in the account which we find, an easy solution could be found for the rise and fall of the water in the chain of lakes, the occasional tidal waves that occur, and some other unexplained antics of the waters. This scientist notes one fact, the continuous tall from Lake Superior to Lake Ontario, which has the comparatively emall Detroit river for its only outlet, and because he thinks that stream can not transport the immense bodies of water forced upon it trom above, invents a phenomenon to get clear of ‘The master by signing such bill promises to deliver the goods mentioned to A or hia assigns. It A indorse this bill to any person or in blank the person to whom it is indorsed or who is the holder becomes his assignee and the promise of the master becomes good to said assignee and the property in the goods vestsin him. ‘'hisindorsment transfere the property In the goods but not the right upon the contract itself and the indorser can- not maintain an action in his own name tor the delivery of the goods nor for damages for their non delivery.. A mere memorandum of shipment will not have the effect of « bill of lading, neither will the delivery of the bill.of lading without indorsment transfer the property in the good shipped, nor will indorsmnent without delivery. ‘The consignor of goods is given, by law a right of stoppage in transitu in certain cases, as the bankruptcy of the consignee. ‘This right may sometimes be effected by the bill of lading. As the property may pass constructively into the possessson of the consignee so they may be transfered by him before delivery by indorsment of the bill of lading. ‘Thus the consignors right of stoppage in transitu may be defeated provided the party to whom the bill of lading is indorsed and delivered gives a valuable consideration for such transfer. ‘he bill of lading should contain the names of the consignor, the consignee and the carrier, and be signed by the carrier or his agent. It should also: contain an enumeration and brief description of the goods, also the terms of the contract entered into by said parties. At common law a commor carrier was responsible for the carriage and delivery of the goods and that responsibility extended to all losses except those sustained by act of God or public enemies. Interesting questions have arisen as to how far this common law obligation of insurance can be limited by the bill of lading and the authorities are some- what at variance upon this point. This much can be said with certainty. ‘I'he limitations upon such liability must be reasonable and must be assented to by the shipper actually or constructively. A limitation ofall liability even fer negligence will be disregarded from public policy even though assented to by the consignor. The correspondent of the MaRINE Recorp isa little off. Hesays: “July 6th the tug William I, Proctor took a party of gentle- men from Syracuse, Montreal, aud Ogdens- burg, from Cupe Vincent to Brockville in fifty minutes and returned in forty-five min- utes, a distance of twelve miles each way.” —Clayton Independent. The correspondent did not say that the tug W. L’ Proctor took the Syracuse and Montreal gentlemen from Cape Vincent, but from Ogdensburg to Brockville, which, as near as we can get at it, is about twelve miles, making about one mile in four min- utes, and which is good time. In fact Cape Vincent was not mentioned except in the date line. : At the Globe drydock since our last report the barge Robert Gaskin, an old timer and formerly a fore-and-after was in having some Jenks stopped and her buts calked. As she went into drydock she was libeled by the United States marshall on some old claims brought by Upson & Walton and Mr. Radcliff, which the captain promptly settled and the vessel released. ‘I'he scow E. Bailey had her bottom thoroughly calked, and the steam yacht ‘Tempest received a new wheel and shoe. ‘The tug 8, 8. Stone was in yesterday to have her shaft straightened, which was bent’ up the river by striking a log. The Wocoken, whose centerboard was jammed up in the box had itcleared. A leak caused by a bolt hold in her topsides and two feet under water when loaded, was found in the Richard Winslow and stopped. ‘The barge ‘lransport, Captain Glass, was ip last niglit to have some leaks stopped and some calking. DETROIT, Special to the Marine Record. July 29—The tug Balize arrived in De- troit on Friday from Buffalo, having towed araft from Georgian Bay to Buffalo ina various qualities, riguts, and obligations |: trifle léss than thirteen days. ‘The raft con- tained 1,700,000 feet, and during the time the Balize was towing it she encountered some very rough weather. ‘This is said to be the best time made this seagon. With the calm weather that has prevailed for several days past, it is not expected there will be much of a development in the line of marine news. Steamers and vessels arrive and depart, yet when asked for an item of interest the invariable responses, “There is nothing afloat from the Straits to the Round O!” Rumors from afar off, where items are much scarcer, get in sight from exchanges, such as missing vessels, went ashore,’ etc., yet even these, in due course of time, pass away in thin air, bottomed by no truthful facts. Well, let us take a view of. the eur- roundings hereabout, which, upon close ex- amination, astonishes any one alive to what is going on. We are intormed by some of our contemporaries here that a sco whas ar- rived with a lond of sand, and thence she was towed out of the way, or perhaps to some Other dock; that a tug is somewhere on the lakes towing either vessels or ratts, though not certain which; also that ‘some vessel, as appears from clearance reports, is expected to arrive in due course of time at her destination, Detroit or elsewhere. Now these are important notes, as under- stood by the wiseacres ot murine at this dull- est of lake ports, the Cityof the Straits. Save us, good Lord, from all such slosh. The deatruction to the shipping and the great loss ot life which has occurred in Georgian Bay within the past few years, and the increasing commerce to that region, has called the attention of the Canadian government to the necessity of a survey of those waters. The first chart was prepared by Lieutenant Bayfield in 1821, since which it has never been revised nor improved up- on, and aside trotn recent discoveries of new shoals and rocks, there was no improve- ment to be made in Bayfield’s chart. Lien- tenant Bayfield, who died half a century ago, wasa man of intelligence and a ripe scholar. Georgian Bay is nearly as large as Lake Ontario. It is 140 miles in length, 55 in width and 500 feet in depth, with an area of 5,000 square miles. It has numerous islande, the greatest of which is the Great Manitoulin or Sacred island, and runs par- allel to alinost the whole of the northern coast and isa continuous mass of barren rocks. The work of this new survey will be under the supervision of Commodore Boul- ton, of the royal navy, und beyond a doubt it will be most thoroughly prosecuted. The expedition has already commenced opera- tions, and ere the season closes will be well advanced, commencing at the Isle of Cenes. ‘The steamer L. Shickaluni and the schoon- er D.G. Fort have been delayed here for twelve days awaiting charter, but with no offers until yesterday, when the former was taken for grain to Montreal at 6c, and the latter to Buffalo at 134c, the cargoes, in both instances, being wheat. The new steambarge Rhoda Emily, noted in my last, is eo far completed as to take her departure some time this week. She will present a fine appearance and is highly | spoken of by experts in naval architecture. The tug Noah P. Sprague, which has been so unfortunate during her career and sunk on Wednesday last, near Point Au Pelee will no doubt be given up for all time, The series of disasters which she has pasgeq through, if published, would prove of more interest than a dime novel, and now that she has gone without the further sacrifice of life it would be well to let her be, Her woret disaster was on the Detroit river in 1857, commanded at that time by Captain Jas. F, Snow, while passing down the De. troit river, opposite the city, or nearly 40, she exploded and sent from time into eter. nity, nine persone, beside damaging the out. fit of the vessel in tow. Captain W. H. Reed, of the barge St. Jo. seph, disappeared from this port somewhat mysteriously a few nights since, leaving, ag ia stated, some unpaid bills to crew and clge. where. At this writing 1 confess that I am unable to inform you anything of his where. about, and notwithstanding the papers have handled him rougily, Ido not choose to fol- low their examplé, for the present, at least, There is one branch of business at Detroit which ia beyond a precedent, that of the pat- ronage of excursion steamers on the De- troit and St. Clair rivers, daily, Sundays not excepted, On the last Sabbath there were not less than 12,000 persons who left the city in some direction or other, and on each week day it is almost of a like character, There is an unusual scarcity of freights at this port, and it is presumably for this rea- son that but few vessels arrive and depart, a falling off from last year of not less than thirty per cent. i : Since the departure of the. wrecking steamer International for Lake Superior there has been ‘no tidings as to her success in raising the sunken steamers there. ‘A dispatch arrived here from the Sault - Ste. Marie last evening announcing the loss of the propeller J. M. Osborne off White Fish Bay, on Sunday last, by collision with the Canadian steamship Alberta. The lo- cality is on the main thoroughfare of steam. ers plying on Lake Superior. ‘The Osborn has gone downin deep water and, with her cargo, will be a total loss. Now it would seem as though it wag about time there was a change of command of this much vaunted steamer, the “‘Royal Mail’? Alberta, of Can- ada. On this, her first season, she has met with accidents on three occasions, and the aggregate damages will not vary one tarthing less than $100,000. Of course I do not place myself as judge as to where the blame rests in all these mishaps, but it they are correctly reported, and I believe them correct in the main, the Alberta is on the wrong side of the ledger each and every time. Captain Anderson I know but little of, but it is time he should “rise to explain.” The steambarge May Richards stranded at the mouth of the Detroit river on Friday in a fog, but got off without outside aid. sJ. W. H. ESCANABA. Special to the Marine Record. ‘The handsome steambarge Calumet, was here for a cargo on Monday. She’sa dandy, and no mistake. It took just sixteen hours to load 40,000 feet of lumber, that being the amount carried by the schooner Imperial. Good work for men who are not professional shovers, but the vessel was tied up for a few hours last Saturday by legal process to secure railway freight on the lumber. Matters were 800 arranged, and the vessel was. released. On Saturday morning last, about two o’clock it became. necessary to shift the position of the steambarge Leland, which was loading on ore dock and the crew was called for that purpose. Peter Bloomer, of Elk Rapids, Mich., hasten- ing along the dock to his place, stepped into an open hatch and fell head foremost to the hold striking upon the ore. He was taken up insensible and died in two hours. The coriner held an inquest, and a verdict was rendered in accordance with the facts. The body was taken to Elk Raplds for burial. Mr. Bloomer was 25 years old and un: married. The Kasota took out 2,080 tons of ore on Friday, a big cargo. It put her down to 16 feet 8, a draught likely to make her trouble in the rivers. Statements of iron ore shipped from the port of Escanaba for the season up to and intluding July 23, 791,801 tons. BG One of the men, -