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THE MARI NE RECORD The Marine dtecora. Published Every Thursday at 144 Superior Street, [Leader Building.) A. A. PGMERGY, Editor aud Proprietor. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: Ono year, post»ge paid...... Six mouths, postage paid Invariably in advane. Subscriptions will be continued until ordered stop- ped by a written order, or at the publica ion office’ The MAKINE RECORD can be found for sale by the following news dealers.: CLEVE! AND, OHIC—G F Bowman, corner of Pearl and Datroit, streets. CHICAGO, ILL.—Joseph Gray, No. 9 West Randolph street. BUFFALO, N. Swing Bridge. SARNIA, ONT.—D. M. MeMaster & Co. EsCANABA, MICH,—William Godleye MANISTEE, MICH.—J. E. Somerville. Articles, letters and queries on all subjects are solici- ted. . $2.00 . 1.00 Y.—C. Rohmer, Michigan street ADVERTISING RATES. Ten cents per line, nonpareil measurement, or $1.20 per inch, each insertion; tour weeks $4.00; with a liberal discount on orders amounting to $40.00 or over. All checks and drafts should be drawn to the order of A. A. Pomeroy. Entered at the Post Office at Cleveland as second- class mail matter. % CLEVELAND, OHIO, THURSDAY, AUGUST 14, 1884 —_—_$_—$_—_—_—— THE CLEVELAND. BREAKWATER. The project of further extending the Cleveland breskwater is the uppermost topic in marine circles in this city. It appears to have the unanimous approval of everybody concerned, even the railroads. ‘The matter has been kept boiling to some extent by the wonderful prevalence of northeast winds this summer, which have clearly and per- sistently demonstrated that x breakwater designed to protect the harbor from north- west winds only is but a partial protection, the best that can be said of it. An exchange, while giving a history and description of the structure, calls the breakwater a stupen- dous blunder, without giving any other rea- son for the epithet than that the strong un- dertow created by it makes entrance to the harbor extremely hazardous ina northeaster. As far as its value to the purposes of naviga- tion is concerned, this 1s possibly true, but we are inclined to await the evet.ts, about to transpire, before being so positive, and un- til the whole design complete fails to miti- gate the undertow and make a smooth har- bor and one easy of access. But now it is contemplated to change the whole design, and a new stretch of breakwater is recom- mended, instead of the extension of the east pier. The Cleveland Board of Trade has adopted the scheme pioposed by govern ment officials, of building 4,000 feet of break- water further out in the lake than that al- ready completed, running at such an angle us to make the waves of a northeaster strike the east pier, as it now stands, about mid- way. The whole matter has been left with the government officials and the plan will be recommended to the next Congress. eee SAILING IN FOGS. Some of the prominent papers of the country persist in the demand for the crea- tion of a murine law that will compel ships to lie to in fogs. ‘he recent wreck of the Amsterdam, which was lost by diifting thirty-five miles out ot her course, on the Canadian coast, on the way to New York during the prevalence of a fog, furnishes another strong argument in favor of this precaution, She had 280 passengers on board and had’ the sea been at all rough, the chances are that all would have been ost. Being calm weather, they made ‘their way to shore in small boats with the loss of only four. ‘he master of the steamer is praised by the passengers, and no com- plaint is made against the subordinates, but the disaster is wholly attributed to the prac- tice of pushing ahead’) when fogs make sail- ing impracticable. ‘The papers are reiterat- ing the warning that it would be profitable for owners Of steamers to announce the fact that their ships will not be allowed to sail in foge, and they are publishing the names of those which lie to in extremely dangerous hours of this kind, and exhorting the public to make its choice. HE RISES TO EXPLAIN. “A former citizen of Duluth, and old time resident on Lake Superior, calls the News to time in regard to certain items which this paper recently copied from the Cleveland Marine RECORD, relative to marine disasters and other marine inaters ou Lake Superior. Che writer of this letter is Captain Barcon Atkins, well known to our older cltizens, and he certainly ought to be authority as to marine matters on this lake.”"—Lake Supe- rior News. We dare say the author of the article re- ferred to is 18 well posted on the early his- tory of navigation on the lakes as any man living, and has adopted a system of keeping record of everything of importance that per- tains thereto, Following the above extract is quoted quite a list of ‘eorrections,” the necessity for which we deny, a8 follows: ‘The article on the “Early Navigation of Luke Superior, as given in the MARINE Recorp did not say that the Julia Palmer was a propeller but that she was a steamer ; nor that she was in command of Captain McKay but Captain Wood, which is proba- bly correct, The article did not say that the Merchant was lost in the next year, 1848, but in 1847. (Mr. Atkins says 1846 or 1847, taking a latitude of two years for anevent that he should be posted about be- fore he becomes a mentor.) ‘I'he article did not say that the Independence exploded in In the earlier years of our Jake ebipping, and more especially in 1834, the second sea- son of cholera in this country, it was com- pulsory for all vessels, both steam and sail, to keep on board a medicine chest, a book of instruction and other pharaphernalia requi- site in cases of illness or accident, when out of port. until a physician could be reached The regulation proved an admirable one, and is equally applicable now. A case in point has just come within my notice, and may be briefly stated as follows: Frank Miller, a fireman on board the tug ‘Thomas Spears, soon after leaving Sturgeon Bay ca- nal, on the borders ot Lake Michigan, was injured by a large Jump of voal falllug on him and breaking his leg. No kind of ap pliances were at hand, and all were ignorant {as to what course to pursue until a port could be reached. Meanwhile the unfortu nate sailor suffer d terribly before uid could be reached, and from the accounts received, ic is moré than probable that death has end- ed his sufferings. j Ce ee Any invention that will prevent the ex- plosion of steam boilers will be gladly re- ceived by allclasees of steam users, and any theory that will explain to the satisfaction of the reader the causes of such explosions will be adopted and tested by those interested. 1847 but in 1858; again Captain Atkins takes ! We have received a copy of the prospectus of latitude of two years, saying the cataetrophe | the Laweon non-explosive boiler company, occurred in 1851 or 1852) ; neither did it say that the Superior was a piopeller nor that she sunk; we did not say that the A:ctie and Gazelle were schooners but steamers; we did not say that the propeller Queen of the Lakes was lost in 1866, but that she was burned in 1869; we did not say that the Sun- beam was a propeller but.a steamer; we did not say that the steamer Traveller was lost in 1866 but in 1865, which we think is cor- rect; nor that the Mary Jarecki was a schooner but a steambarge. Thinking this covers all the points atissue worthy of not- ing, we can but lament. the constitutional weakness of human nature in endeavoring to throw the inaccuracies of a garbled article on the publishers of a straight and valuable bit of history. We neglected to mention, however, in the article on. ake Superior that the tug J.C. Morse, Captain Barton At- kins, with quite a large party of ladies and gentlemen residing in Marquette aboard, struck a rock between Partridge Isle and Marquette, the location of which was well known to Lake Superior pileta, with such violence as to throw overboard two ladies. A young man named: Maynard, who went to their rescue, was drowned, the tug not hav- ing a small boat to send him. ‘The tug filled very fast and was beached. By referring to the Maxine Recorp of May 15th it will be seen that in every case the gentleman is mistaken in his criticism and is measuring our standard by brother Woodbridge’s method of compiling news. We donot remember whether the Lake Superior Néws gave us credit at the time for the article in question, but if there were as many inaccuracies in it after it ap- peared in that paper as is noted by Mr. At- kins, we.trust he did not; but now that the errors have been pointed out, he makes the effort to deny by saying that the article was reprinted from the Marine REcorp. Mr. Woodbridge, herewith find copy of the MaRINE REconD of the 15thof May contain - ing the historical article and compare dates, And do us justice by acknowledging that the mistakes were made in your own sanc- tum. ee ee From statements of both parties to the affair, the evidence is c’ear that the collision between the Corsican and St. Lawrence on Alexandria Bay was premeditated and might have been avoided by either of the boate. The St. Lawrence having passed the Corsican ina race, foolishly attempted to cross her bows before a sufficient distance had been attained to warrant this purpose, and the Corsican ran into her, but with not sufficient damage to prevent either boat from continuing the trip. I'he officers of the Corsican, even in justifying themselves, do not claim that her engines were reversed until after she etruck, a facet which speaks volumes in explanation of the matter. It was a pure piece of bravado for the St. Law- rence to cross her bows and for the Corsican to have reversed her engines and let her do so and escape the danger so wilfully sought would have required from the Corsican officers a patence scarcely possessed by men or angels. recently organized in New Jersey, in which atheory is advanced by Mr. Lawson looking toward the mitigation of this evil, the theory of which is rendered as follows: “The only explosive material abont a eteam boiler is water; and water when super- heated, which can be done only under pressure, will explode upon a sudden re- moval of that pressure, witha force quite equal to that of dynamite. “All matter is governed by unchanging laws. Nothing is left to chance by Nature; there is no compromise; the last atom is re- quisite in her compounds, and she never varies a hair’s breadth in her operations. Gravity seizes hold of a ball with the same power whetner flying from the mouth ofa cannon or dropped from a tower. “When water contains heat above that which can be imparted to it under normal pressure, it is superheated.” Mr. Lawson, tiaving discovered the cause, naturally turned toward a remedy—the construction otf a boiler in accordance with his theory. ‘I'he cause was the sudden with- drawal of pressure, followed by suddenly checking the flow of steam. ‘The remedy must prevent this. He grasped the idea that a partition in the steamspace would do this, and this is the cardinal principle of his invention. He had ascertained that steam, while highly expansive, was non-explosive. He saw that it was necessary to give uni- formity to the withdrawal of steam from over the superheated and exploding water in the boiler. ‘he remedy was to separate the steam space in the boiler into two com- partments by a partition plate, and so arrange the passage of the steam from the lower compartment, which is immediately over the superheated and exploding water, to the upper one, that the rapid withdrawal and sudden check of steam from the upper Compartment would’ not materially affect the uniform withdrawal of steam from the lower one, and that any sudden check in the upper compartment would not percep- tibly affect the uniform escape of steam from the lower one. ‘his constitutes the principle of the invention. It is to the steamboiler what the full-size air-chamber js to the hydraulic ram. FARRAGUT PRIZE MONEY. After a lapse of more than twenty-two years the officers and sailors of Admiral Farragut’s fleet, or their heirs, are about to be puid a balance of $148,644 due them ag bounty money awarded for the destruction of confederate war vessels at the capture of New Orleans in April, 1862. ‘The mills of the United States seem to grind as slowly as those of the gods, This grist has been along time in getting through, ‘The claimants have experienced that “hope deferred” that ‘maketh the heart sick,’ and many of them have, like the prophets of old, “died with- out the sight.” The money is now in the Treasury await- ing distribution, The claims nave all been adjudicated, and the intricate computations have been made to ascertain the amount due to each officer and man, from the brave old admiral, who lashed himself to the mast in the maintop of the Hartford, down to the cabin boy, who served his country tor $10 a mouth. The list is now in the hands of the second comptroller for inspection and veri- fication. Some little time will be required for this work, and payment of claims will begin early in September, {Continued from Ist Page.) will be the largest barge in the river service, It isexpeeted to have her finished wext apring. The Canadian schooner Paragon is re- ported ashore about three miles above King- ston. She was out two feet but was not leaking. She ia coal laden trom Cleveland to Brockville. A tug has been sent to her assistance. DETROIT, Special to the Marine Record. August 12—I[t haa been cool so tar about here this mouth, but the weather has been none the less acceptable, except on the part of those whore specialty is basking along the docks, and these may be couuted by the hundreds, daily on the river front, weather permitting. If not, they dodge under a shed, In taking my rambles this morning, from the foot of Third street up to Bates, IL count- ed 125 men of all sorts and conditions, black and white, in groups on wood piles and coal heaps, and the question naturally arose in my mind, how do these men live? And I did not meet a man who could even guess, while Detroit is only one of the many lake ports thus situated. As I write this moment a trail of steam and.tow barges are passing, having in the aggregate a trifle over 10,000 tons of iron ore, an occurrence which takes place daily, more or less. Next to this isthe lumber and grain movement, although the latter is by no means as frequent, yet the total weekly trafic is simply immense, and the tonnage capacity enormous. Grain shipments at this port are becoming more frequeat, chiefly to Buffalo at 2c, while two or more ‘cargoes were taken hence to Montreal at 6v, the same rate as from Chicago. ; The propeller W. L. Frost, laden with 48,000 bushels of corn tor Ogdensburg, called here on Saturday with her rudder disabled, and was delayed for repairs. An apparently slight wrong with one of those big fellows sometimes entails a large expenditure to be made right again, especially if compelled to go into dock. : ; The steambarge Rube Richards, on Satur- day, while on Lake St. Clair, bound down, got a line in her wheel, and, thus disabled, sagged on to Peche Island and stuck there twelve nours before she was released. She had in tow three vessels, which were like- | wise delayed. Beyond the delay and the expense of getting off no serious injury was done. Yet in many instances of this kind the cost soon sums up to over $500. An immense raft is at present en route through the rivers, in tow of the tug Wins- low, and is probably the largest that’ has ever passed here. It is made of two rafts joined together side by side, and before it can be taken through the St. Clair Flats ca- nal will have to be separated and tiken through singly. It goes to ‘Tonawanda and will be fortunate it it gets through Lake Erie in safety. The steamer Mary arrived here on Satur- day, from the river St. Clair, with her en- gine disabled, and went into drydock to re- ceive a new bed plate and other apparatus, which will cause a week or more delay. She plies on the river St. Clair, and during the season thus far has met with a keen opposi- tion, but being of better speed than her com- petitors, has a slight advantage of patronage. ‘Lhe propeller Georgian, recently released on Lake Superior from where. she was stranded, and expected to go into dock here, has gone to Owen Sound for repairs. The schooner King Sisters, which passed down on Saturday from Marquette, sailed all the way to this point in three days, and her captain, so far as I can remember, ig en- titled to the claim of beating any previous record under like circumstances., Our inspectors here ure determined to en- force the new mandate lately issued from Washington regarding the granting of licenses to none other than native or natu- ralized citizens, a rule which should have been carried out long ere this. The more prominent casualties occurring about these days are those of disabled steam- ers. Scarcely a day passes but one or more calls here to tinker up some deformity of this character, The buoy for the guidance of vessels into Wyandotte, which for some time past has been missing, has been replaced by the gov- ernment, much to the joy of craft that call at that port,