The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

\ rHE MARINE RECORD. - 2 oOo three round ‘rips and started on her fourth and has landed 12,500 tons ot coal, La nine months she has cost only $26 for repairs in the engineroom. She is built something on the mpdel of the Finance, but has a keel. ‘The City of Rome burns 820 tons of coal a day, and can only carry 1,000 tons of cargo. ‘The great freight ship of the National line is the England, which carries 3,500 tons of cargo. She makes about 12 knots an hour, and ean be pushed to 13. The England is 4379 feet long, 424g feet beam, and 35‘teer depth of hold, ‘fhe Finance is 800 feet long 38 4 feet beam, and 28 6 feet depth of hold. L do not know the consumption of coal on the Eng- Jund, bat will venture to say ic is double that of the Finance. ‘The Finance is not, of course, a fast ship, compared wich the {yrey. hounds of the sea,’ but, as you see, atttins a r-spectable — speed has great carrying capacily, and besides that, ix a passenper ship. And look at the San Pablo, with a speed of 16 knots, a carrying expscity of 4,500 tons, and consumption ¢f only 32 tons of coal. [tis all in the mouel. T believe that a ship as large us the Oregon or America, and with much Jess engine power, built on the flat-bottom model, would beat their time badly, and have twice or three times their carrying capacity.” —_ CHICAGO HARBOR. In an article relative to the history and improvement of the Chicago Harbor, the ‘Times says: When the outer breakwater is completed and the outer harbor is dredged to an average depth of sixteen feer, the gov- ernment will have completed the Chicago harbor as at present projected, This will re- quire the expenditure of $284,000 in addition to the $1,729,000 already expended, and the space of two more scasons. ‘The first work of improving this harbor was commenced by the United States government in 1888, by diverting the mouth of the river from a point just about opposite the present Mon- roe street toits present outlet. ‘Chis was done by cutting through the long sand bar formed by the northeasterly gales, and ‘which paralleled the river. from the bend near the present site of the Illinois Central passenger depot to where the streari emp- tied into the lake, “® full half mile further south. ‘The channel thus made is protected by substantial piling on the north bank. ‘The direction of this pier was about east by south, and was nearly. 1,000 feet in length. In 1836 or 1837 the pier was extended 400 feet, and its direction changed to east by north. About the same time a pier was con- structed on the south side of the river, run- ning parallel to the north pier. ‘The change of direction proved very unfavorable, as it aided in the formation of a sand bar in the channel just south of the east endof the pier. This suggested a return to first principles,and the change was made by buildir g the pier in acurve to which the south pier would be a tangent, ending in the desired direction. ‘This work was completed about 1840, and in 1852 a pier head was built at the eastern extremity, to be used as the foundation for a beacon light. ‘The lighthouse was con- structed in 1882, but ata point about fifty feet north of thé pier head, where it still stands. This light has a mean range of eighty-three feet above the luke level, being fixed white and visible for fifteen nautical miles. In 1865 the city of Chicage rendered doubtful aid in the work by extending the north pier a length of 450:feet, adopting the northerly course which had been demon- strated to be radically wrong by former ex- periments. A board of engineers, consist- ing of Colonel J. N. Macomb, president of the board; Lieutenant Uolonel W. F. Rey- nolds, United States Army; Major J. B. Wheeler, United States Army; Major G. Weitzel, United States Army, and Major Walter McFarland, convened at Chictgo January 18, 1870, and, after making « thor- ough examination of the harbor recom- mended THE BUILDING OF A BREAKWATER, to extend south front the mouth of ingen. During this yeur the south pier was’ ex- tended, 1,224 feet of cribs being putin, but only 614 feet of superstructure was finished. Soundings taken in July and August of the same year showed a channel of thirteen to fourteet feet. ‘he construction of the break- water was commenced ir September, 1870, and by the close of 1872 had been extended southward a distance of 3,050 feet. Since 1872 it has been further éxtended and im- proved tn various ways. ‘This completed the inclosure of the outer harbor, better known as the basin. Dredges have teen constantly working in it since, the intention being to give it a mean depth of not less than sixteen feet. When the vexed question of the ownere ship of the lake front is definitely settled, it is intended to build slips, extending outa distance of 1,500 feet. ‘his will be necessary to relléve the river from the increased com- merce of the future, and will ina degree aid in the abatement of the “bridge nuisance.” When the breakwater was completed it Was found that the harbor wasa very dan- porous trap for craft running back ina gale. ith a heavy sea on, it wag almost impossible, and at all times -highly dangerous for them to try to sail through the narrow opening Into the basin, and consequently they had to come to anchogin the mouth of the harbor, thus completely blocking it. ‘This called for additjonal relief, and the outer breakwater, how being constrneted, was commenced. This starts at a point about 4,000 teet off Elin street, ahd runs ina southeasterly direction for a distance of 5,400 feet. Abont 4,000 feet of cribs have already been sunk, and it is ex. pected that the work will be completed in 1886, when the dredging of the basin is also ckbectad to be finished. During the present eason werk on both has been greatly de- layed owing to Congress failing to make an appropriation vntil the early part of July. The work will be continued on both during the remainder of the present month, and WH be commenced as early as the weather Will permit next season, When the outer breakwater ts vompleted vessels running ine to this port for safety can find a safe anchor- agein deep water, with plenty of room to move about in, Major W. H. H: Benyaurd, who has charge of the work, tas advertised for two million feet ofTumber, to be delivered in the varly spring, and the amount will be cut in Michigan the ensuing winter. SHIPBUILDING ON r'HE CLYDE, The returns of the Clyde shipbuilding trade for 1883 show that the greatestactivity characterized the industry during that year. The various firms on the river have sur- passed all their previous efforts, the figurey showing an amount of new shipping largely in excess of that of any previons year. Subjoining will be found tabulated state meuts showing the number, description, tonnage and effective horse power of steam vessels, number ot sailing vessels, ete., launched during the year on the river Clyde: Effective Steam Sailing horse- Gross vessels, vessels, power. tonnage. Totul number., 251 88 315,110 417,881 Inerease of ton- , nage on the VEAL. ceceeeee vee oe 22,732 Incr’se in horse- power of en- ~ gines on the year, aias ae scceveee 52,791 It will thus be seen that there were launched during the year by the various firms engaged in shipbuilding on the Clyde 339 vessels, of an aggregate tonnage of 417,- 881 tons, ‘The exact, bearing of the returns will, however, be seen by reference to the follow- ing table, which gives the amount of ton- nage launched during each of the last twenty- six vears: 1858 22,000|1871 1859 352707|1872 1860 47,833|1873 1861 66, 11874 1862 . 69,987)1875 .123,262/1876 | +178,5¢ 5/1877 phd vel fA ‘The majority of the new vessels were built of iron, but a considerable number were constructed of steel, and every year furnishes evidence of the growing favor ot steel asa shipbuilding material. In 1879 the steel-bullt vessels ainounted to 18,000 tons; in 1880 they aggregated 42,000 tone; in 1881 they rose to 66,000 tons; while In 1882 they reached 108,264 tons. During the last year these figures were surpassed, the steel-built vessels reaching a total of 129,651 tons. : It is estimated that the earnings of the 52,000 artisans engaged directly and indi- rectly during the year amounted to between £5,000,000 sand £6,000,000, while the sum paid by ship owners to the builders for new vessels launched during the year can not be less than £10,000,000, or an increase over last year of at least £1,000,000. : It is to be noted, however, that notwith- standing the magnitude of the trade done during the year, the present outlook of the industry is not by any means bright. Dur- ing the past season nearly all the shipbui:d- ers have had to curtail their establisments, and it is estimated that since July no fewer than 5,000 men have been discharged. ‘The tonnage under contract is far short of what it was at the close of 1882, and some firms show empty ships, The vessels on the stocks at present do not certainly number more than 100, of all classes, showing tonnage of about 200,000, or fully 80,000 less than was the case at this time last year. ‘The largest contract has lately been executed by Messrs. John Elder & Co., for the Cunard line, who have ordered twoextraordinary vessels, with a united tonnage of\_about 16,000 tons. It is stated that contract®ean now be made at from 20a to 308 per ton Velow the prices ruling two or three mon ‘he ago, and even at that large reductiou ordérs are not coming in. ; The iron workers in nearly all the yards have accepted a reduction of 10 per cent on their wages, and shipwrights, blacksmiths, engineere, ship-joiners and laborers have ac- cepted a reduction of from 5 to 7 per cent.— Commercial Bulletin. VY. D. NICKERSON, MARINE ARTIST Rear of .Central.Tug Office, Main St. Bridge, Cleveland, 0. JAMES T. ROSE, Vessel Agent and Broker, BOX 1616, DULUTH, MINN. Late Gen Ag’t for Collingwood Line of Steamers Special Attention Paid to Chartering Vessels, CAPT. J. W. MILLER. CAPT. R. B. MONTAGUE MILLER & MONTAGUE, .DULUTH, MINN. Vessel Brokers and Marine and Fire Insurance Agents, and Board of Trade Weighmen. Svecial attention paid to chartering Vessels; aro weighing and Trimming cargoes of grain. Correspon dence solicited. ALEX McDOUGALL, VESSEL AGENT AND BROKER, DULU Tez. Owner: and ma-ters of ve:sels wishing to get cargoes of grain from this port will do well to confer with ine. il be glad to furnish mformation im regard to car- ves, also in relation tu ‘locks, depth of water, etc., at uluth, Agate Bay (new iron ore port), Port Ar- thur, Washburn, Ashland, and all points near the west end of Lake S.u,erior Good gangs of men fur- nished on short notice for:rimming cergoes of grain, loading and unloading all kinds of freight. H. J. WEBB & CO., Ship Brokers, Vessel Owners and Agents. [ESTABLISHED IN 1856.) J. Wess & Co., will charter Vv- sels for | ake Trade. 5; attention given to C urier.ng Vessels n the : Superior Iron Ore Trade, both for the season and gle trip, 101 ST. CLAIR ST., ARCADE BUILDING Cleveland, Ohio. Office, No. 338. TELEPHONE {{tesitones, No: 192 SCOTT & BERRIMAN. Fire and Marine Insurance Agents and Vessel Brokers, Attention also given to the purchase and sale of Iron Om Telephone, No. 18, fice, 130 South Water-St., Cleveland, O. THOS. WILSON NAGING OWNER Wilson’s Transit Line. Gen. Forwarder. Freight and Vessel Agent. CLEVELAND, 0. PALMER & BENHAM, Vessel Owners & Agents, New Bank Building, corner of Superior and Bank 8treet, Cleveland, Ohio. MOORE and BARTOW, Ship Brokers and Agents, No, 101 8t. Mair Strast, Room 27. CLEVELAND, = HIV. The Nickel Plate! NEW YORK, CHICAGO & ST. LOUIS RAILWAY. The passenger equipment of this New Trunk Line is wll new snd is supplied with the latest appliances neevssary to safe speedy and confortable teavel, ‘lrains leave and arrive at the Union Depot, Van Buren st eet, Chicago, and N Y, LE & WR’y depot at Buffalo. Following is the time in effect Oct. 6. 1884, and un- til further notice: GOING Kast. (Ly. AR jGOING WEST. A.M. 7 50 9 45). PM, 1 50) Fort Wayne 205 New Haven, 8 56). 449). 5 00). 5 45). 6 20}. . Bellevue, 9 02) Cleveland Painesville. Ashtabula, offices of the company: class of tickets desired, gage checked 1o destination For information, call on nearest agent of the Come pany, or address B. Fk. HORNER, Gen’! Passenger Agent, LEVIS WILLIAMS, General Manager. Cleveland, 0. BEE LINE | CLEVELAND, COLUMBUS, CINCINNATI & INDI« ANAPOLIS. Commencing Sunday, June 8, 1884, trains of the Bee Line—Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indian- apolis Railway —will !eave and arrive at Clevelan:t as follows, CENTRAL STANDARD TIME, 33 minutes slower than Cleveland time: aa Depart. No. 2, Columbus, Cincinnati & Ind Ex. 7:00 A it No. 23, Galion & Wheeling Express. 6AM No. 9, Col., Gin., Ind & St. Louis Ex. *6:40 PM No, 6, Col. Cih,, Ind. & St. Louis Express.../#12 S PM No, 24, Galion & C.L & W. Ace... 4:00 PM No. 29, Massillon & Ulrichsville Ex. 5.00 PM i -No. 8, Col, Cin, ind. & St. Louis Ex, y No. 20, Ubricsville & Massillon Ex... e Se an No, 2, Col. Cin. & Indianapolis Express. 9:50 P N No, 14, 8¢, Louis, Ind.. Cin: Ex, 4:45 PM No. 22, ion Ace, 10:00 A M No, 26. Wheeling Ai 4:30 P MW A No. 4, Col., Gin. & N. Y. wl U5 AM ‘Trains marked * datty, all other trains ally except @ Sunday E. B. THOMAS, 0. B. SKINNER, Traffic Manager. General Manager. A. J. SMITH, General Passenger Agent. CLEVELAND, OHIO, id as New York, Pennsylvania & Ohio R, R. NEW YORK, BOSTON AND THE EAST, The Shortest and Quickest Route to Pitts- burg, Washington and Baltimore ¢ and the Southeast, CAPT. D. M. BECKER. CAPT. HENKY BROCK D. M. BECKER € CO., Commercial Brokers and Vessel Agents, Vessels chartered, purchased and sold; contracts mado for coarse and heavy freights, Lake Superior and Escanaba iron ore charters for sin- le trip or season a speciulty. Office, coliectaat, Cleveland, 0. ROBERT RAE, Admiralty and Insurance Law Office, Room 37, Merchants’ building, CHICAGO, ILL. i A. M. BARNUM, Vessel Agent and Broker, 15 Exchange ot. Buffalo, N. Y. trik YOU DO NOT RECEIVE MY MONTHLY LIST OF VESSELS “OR SALE. SEN‘) FOR vt LAKE SHORE & MICHIGAN SOUTHERN . Commencing Sunday, May 11, 1884, at 12 o’clock noon the time given in the figures bélow is the new standard (Ninetieth meridian) time, which is thirty-three min- utes slower than Cleveland time proper: Eastward. | Arrive { Depart. No 4, Fast Limited Expre: *1 10 A M12 05a No8, N.Y, B& A- Express. °6 85 A M| No 26, Elyria Accommodation. {8 05 AM) wesseees, No 35, Buffalo Ac’m via Sandus| 10 35 AM No 35, Toledo Accom via Norw: No 12, N Y & B Fast Express......| 1 55 PM! No 14, Special N Y & Bos Expres} ............. No2, Nghe Ex via Norwalk...... 940 PM No 22, Night Ex via «andusky...| ¢9 42 p m|. No 26, Conneaut Accommodation {4 25 P M,. Westward. Peyart, "12 05 A M °2 35 AM 6 80AM 6 10AM 3 20PM 240 PM “6 30 POM No 31, Elyria ac to Elyria only.. + PR 1s No 27. Conneaut Accommodatlo Sunday train for Nottingham-- Depart 8:30 a. m, and 1:45 p. m.; returning, leave Nottingham at 9:05 a, m, and 8:45 p.m. a Reference marks—* Daily, ft dally, except Sunday, ddathy, except Monday. For full information as to trains and counections a) ply at the new city ticket offloe, corner Seneca and at. air streets, Lake Shore block, Central or Ninetieth Meridien time, 33 minntes slow er than Cleveland city time. Until further notice trains will leave from the new Central Depot, South Water street and Viaduct as fol- lows: ATLANTIC EXPRESS—(Daily) Pull. 6.5 a, Ih. man sleeping and hotel coaches from Leavittshurgh 8:35 a.m. to New York, Albany and Boston without change. Arrive at Meadville at 10:40 a, m. (dinner) Franklin at 1206p: m, Oil City 12:30 p, nm, Corry 12.25 p. m, Jamestown (Lake Chautauqug) 1.35 p. m_, Buffalo 5:50 p. m. Rochester 6:20 p. m.; Hornells- ville 6:00 p. m. [supper]; Coming 7:25 p. m. Elmira 8:05 p m. Binghanton 10:05 p. m., Albany 5:00 a. m. Boston 1:45 p. m.; arriving at New York 6:15 a.m. 9°90 LIMITED EXPRESS—Through Pulte ‘i D. Nl. map sleepin coach from Cleveland to New York. Arrives at Meadville at 6:30 p. m , James- town 8:47 p. m., Salamanca 9:45 p. m., New York 10:10 a. m. | NIGHT EXPRESS—(Dail except 11:00 D. I. Sunday) Seeping coach from Cleveland Hornellsville. Arrive at Youngstown at 1:50 a, my Meadville 3:25 a. m., Corry 4:59 a. m. Jamestown 5,57 a. m, Buffalo 9:20 a, m., Rochester 12:58 p, m., Hornell, ville, 11:00 a m_, Corning 12:07 pm, Elmira 12:40 p. m., Binghampton 2:19 p m,, New York 9:10 p.m. Arriv, EXPRESS — Daily + at Pittsburgh 5:50 a. m., without change. 0 PITTSBURGH Z D. Nl. Through without change, Parlor car ate oungstown 5:00 p m., Pittsburg tached. Arrives at 8:02 p. m., Washington 7:09 a. m., Baltimore 8:19 a. m. A] MAHONING AOMMODATION — i. D. Ih. Stopping at all way stauons, artiving at Youngstown 6:55 p. m., Sharon 8:01 p. m., Sharpeavitte 8:10 p. m. ’ 650 PITTSBURGH EXPRESS — Dai '" a. I. Through without change. Arrives at Youngstown 9.30 a.m., Sharon 10:30 a. m., Sharps- ville 10:40 a. m., Pittsburgh 1245p m., Returning, leaves Pittabu.gh at 4:15 a. m., 7:45 a. m., 1215 p. m., and 3:45 p m 10 3h YOUNGSTOWN AND PITTSBURGH @_ Ill, AcoMMopaTION—stopping at. al Way stations, arsiving at Youngstown 1:40 p. m.,Pittes burgh, 5.45 p. m. Trains arrive at Cleveland, 6:15 a. m., 6:30 p. m., 10.208 m; 1:05 p. m., and 9:45 p. m, ®@-This isthe only route by which reach Corry Elmira, Binghampton, New York City and intermediate points without change. No chahge to Boston and New England Cities. Baggage checked through to all points Fast Through tickets and information regarding the route can be obtained at the office 13] Bank street, and at new Depot of N. Y.,P & O.R R., South Water street and Viaduet, Cleveland, O. A. E. CLARK, Gen’! Pass’r Ag’t Cleveland, Of J. M FERRIS, Gen’! Maa’gr, Clevelarid, O. M. L, FOUTS, Passenger Agt, 131 Bank St. Cleveland, a eh ee eee cei A PRIZE Send six cents for free, a costly box o! help you to more money right in this world. All, of ciqhe hour. The broad road workers, absolutely sure, Atgusta, Maine. 6 a week at home. $5.00 outfit tree. Pa; sure, Norisk. Capital not required. you want bustneas at which young or old, can make great w ork, with absolute centaint ngers can tage, and receive o0ds which will away than anything oleae , see, sucee oen rat ‘Oo fortune opens fore the Atonce addvesh|JTRUE & Co,, sbeolutely Reader, if persons of either sax, pay all the time they write for particularao Maine. H: HAturt>, & Co,, Pottlan