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4 THE MARINE RECORD. The Marine Record. Published Every Thuraday at 144 Superior Street, [Leader Building.) A. A. POMEROY, Editor and Proprietor. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One year, postage paid... Six months, postuge paid Tavariably in advaue, Subscriptions wil) be continued until ordered stop- ped by a written order, or at the publication office: ‘The MAKINE RECORD can be found for sale by the following news dealers.: CLEVELAND, OHIO—G F Bowman, corner ef Pearl and Detroit, streets. CHIVAGO, ILL.— Joseph Gray, No. 9 West Randolph street. BUFFALO, N. Y.—C. Rohmer, Swing Bridge. DULUTH, MINN,--C. F. Johnson, 117 West Supe- rior street. SARNIA, ONT.—D. M. McMaster & Co. ESCANABA, MICH-—William Godley. MANISTEE, MICH.—J, E. Somerville. “Articles, letters and queries on all subjects are solici- ted. 92.00 1.00 Michigan street ADVERTISING RATES. Ten cents per line, nompareil measurement, or $1.20 per inch, each insertion; tour weeks $4.00; with a liberal discount on orders amounting to $40.00 or over. All checks and drafts shoul be drawn te the order of A. A. Pomeroy. Entered at the Post Office at Cleveland as second- class mai) matter. CLEVELAND, OHIO, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 4. HARBOR OF REFUGE NEEDED. Numerous efforts hive been made, during the years gone by, to have the government improve the channel at Grand Marais and have that port constituted a harbor of refuge, all without avail, however. Disasters have been multiplied year after year, and the har- bor remains in the same crude state, with- out even the presence of an organized life saving crew as an apology for the neglect of the government to take the action imper- atively demanded by the eternal unfitness of things atthat point. Itis true, citl zens of Grand Marais never hesitate to im- peril their lives in order to do the work of a regularly organized crew of life savers, and on a recent occasion, that of the wreck of the propeller Morley. Under the leadership of a brave and efficient sailor, who should ac once, and for the rest of his natural life, be placed in charge of a life saving station at that port—and the government should not fail to establish one without delay—they have won the admiration of all men by their hardihood and endurance, the promptness with which they responded to the signs of distress and their unbounded hospitality to the shipwrecked crew. ‘lhe fact that the work asked for and required has been begun by the government, is evidence in itself that the need is recognized; therefore, the indif- ference with which it is prosecuted has be- come criminal on the part of the officers in charge, and merits the just indignation of every one who is interested in the sailors who man the ship, and the owners of the property imperiled at the port spoken of. If less money was paid for opinion and ad- vice, and more applied to actual, practical improvement of our system of luke naviga- tion, we would not be called upon to record the sacrifice of 80 many precious lives or the loss of so many noble ships and valuable cargoes. ‘Ten fold more property has been lost beyond recovery during the years that this needed improvement has been under advisement than the entire cost of the com- pletion of the work. There is a tradition that a dredge st one time cut a channel for the port of Grand Marais, but we venture to say that, should the United States harbor com- missioners undertake to locate it now, they would necessarily pray for the powers of a divining rod, It is thus that the govern- ment fosters her recognized wards, the hardy sailors, a ee Ir would be the part of wisdom if the government, Instend of selling the Greely relief ships Thetis and Bear, as was made a condition in the bill providing for their fit- "out, should transfer them to the “¥evenue marine service. They would be ‘available: in “the waters of Alaska, their “HpeciAl Construction for arctic regions being one of the requirements, OUR FOREIGN CARRYING TRADE. President Arthur, in his annual message, has endeavored to analyze the problem of reciprocity, and in dving this has said some things that must command the atten- tion of all men interested in the growth and prosperity uf the country, including especially, the value of our shipping prop- erty. ‘hose measures which benefit com- merce on the ocean at the same time increase the volume of luke commerce. We are & manufacturing people, rich in / mineral and agricultural lands, but are compelled t> con- sume, under the existing state of our foreign trade, the greater part of our produce, at the same time being compelled to draw on foreign countries for goods that we can not bring ourselves to dispense with. ‘lhe natu- ral markets of the United States for recip- rocal supply and demand are the adjacent islands and the countries of the American continent. It is from them we should ob- tain what we do not produce, and itis to them that the surplus of our fields, mills and workshops should go. ‘The question is one of mutual interest, mutual development ot the industries and resources of the re- spective countries, No single reform meas- ure, however, will sclvethe problem. ‘The President says: “Four paths of policy seem to point to this end. First, a series of recipro- cal commercial treaties with the countries of this continent which shall foster between us and them an unlampered movement of tride. The conditions of these treaties should be the free admission of such merchandise as the country does not produce in return for admission free, or under a tavored schedule, of our products; the benefits of such ex- change to apply on these goods carried un- der the flag of the parties to the contract; the removal on both sides from vessels so privileged of all tonnage dues and national imposts, so that these vessels may ply un- hindered between our ports and those of the other contracting parties, though without infringing on the reserved home coasting trade; the removal or reduction of burdens on the exported products of those countries coming within the benefits of the treaties, and the avoidance of the technieul restric- tons and penalties by which our intercourse with those countries is at present hampered. Seconily, the establishment of the consular service of the United States on a salaried footing, thus permitting the relinquishment of consular fees, not only as respects vessels under the national flag, but also as respects vessels of the treaty of nations carrying goods entitled to the benefits of the treaties. 'Third- ly, the enactment of measures to favor the construction and maintenance of a steam car- rying marine under the flag of the United States; and fourthly, the establishment of a uniform currency basis for the countries of America, so that the coined products of our mines may circulate on equal terms through- out this whole system of commonwealth. This would require a monetary union of America, whereby the output of the bullion producing countries and the circulation of those which yield neither gold nor silver could be adjusted in conformity with the population, wealth and commercial needs of each.” It is recommended that as an incen- tive to the investment of American capital in American steamehips the government must lend its active assistance to individual enter- prise, the belicf being entertained that un- less this is done our carrying trade will re- main as It is to-day, in the hands ot foreign- ers. A commission of investigation has been appointed to visit Central and’ South America, and legislation of some sort may be expected to grow out of this movement, looking toward the extension of our trade. It can not be denied that many of our manufactories are able to increase their out- put of goods very materlally each year, but a number of them are now idle from lack of demand; nor can it be denied that our pres- ent merchant marine, lake and ocean, can transport much greater quantities of mer- chandise, than has been obtalned during the past year. A material addition tothe present sources of demand for American goods would doubtless serve to dissipate the present strin- gency of trade, annul the present ruinous competition for the home trade, revive the languishing industries, give steady employ- ment to willing hands, and put many of cur manufactures upon a good basis for years to come, This ia a vital question, reaching far in the future, on which are hinged more in- tereste than are now visible, and should be corsidered in all its bearings. ‘THE Manine ReEcorp will, at the proper time, when navigation closes, contain a very complete report of all matters of interest re- garding the business nnd losses of the sea- eon. COMPOUND V. LOW PRESSURE. CLEVELAND, November 29. Editor of the Marine Record: In your issue of November 20, Low Pres- eure says I did not give the name of the bout to which I referred, Iam well aware that I did not do se, nor did I have reference to any particular boat, as [am not adver:is- ing any particular make of engine. In his letter of October 30th he stated that he was in favor of the compound engine, but his two low pressure boats worked go. well that he did not see the use of the extra cylinder and fixings.. What [ want him to get clear is that the ratio of economy I gave in my letter, that is 201g and 173g pounds of water consumed per horse power per hour, fs a fair average gain of the compound engine over that of the low pressure, which I can prove by his own engines. He says U have yet to hear of the engine on the lakes that equals or excels those of the Jarvis Lord or Fairbatiks in economy of fuel,considering the work done, and would judge from this that steamboatmen don’t know where to go to get properly proportioned engines and boll ers, and it is evident some of them have bought their engines too soon, He tells us of a well posted man who had four years’ experience with a double low pressure en- gine, previous to which he had several yeare’ experience with a high pressure engine, and he preferred the latter. ‘This is such a kneck down argument I don’t think I can down it, no theory about it. It would take any old fogy, hook-motion engineer four years to learn torun a modern com- poun! engine. In fact, I could tell Low Pressure of one who tried it four days and then gave it up. Low Pressure further states that he perfectly well understands the rules and regulations of boiler conetruc- tion. I grant he may understand the regu- lations, but the rules he had better get post- edupin, He does not say why high pres- sure boilers are better adapted to the com- pound engine, but leaves us to infer that they somehow bottle up more steam than low pressure boilers. He asks why it is some of our popular steamboat companies have been particular to advertise certain passenger steamers as low pressure. (‘This must be where he gets his rules for boiler construction.) The public who travel on the Ohio and Miesiesippi river boats and on those magnificent specimens of naval archi- tecture that cross the Atlantic in a little more than six days must have been grossly deceived, to say the least. Some of the for- mer carry one hundred and twenty, and the latter not less than ninety pounds of steam. He says the way to decide the matter is in practical demonstration, (some more logic, you see.) Then he winds up by giving us to understand it is acold day when the Lord and Fairbanks get left. CompounD. [Continued from 1st Page] worth of damage had been done. ‘lhe ship keeper’s room, on the main deck behind the engine room, and the other rooms and offices thereabout were entirely destroyed, and the saloon, cabin and state rooms on the upper deck are so badly burned and scorched by the flames that they will have to undergo thorough reparation. I noticed that one Chicago daily mentions $500 as the amount of damage done, and another puts it at $1,600. Probably they were in worse luck than myself, in being ordered off the Peer- leas before they had an opportunity to esti- mate the damage. I, however, stole a march on the company, although I was ordered off by the ship keeper, by order of Mr. Austrian, but not until after I had inspected the damage. T. W. ESCANABA, The schooner Mineral State has been pulled off and brought here, while the Mor- ford returned for anchors, lighter and yaw] boat. The Monford will take the Mineral State to Manitowoc for repairs, ' The propeller Raleigh has been released and arrived here Friday. She fettisoned about one hundred tons of her cargo and is apparently uninjured, GRAND HAVEN. Captain John De Young, in charge of the life saving station here, has been dismissed the service on grave charges recently inves. tigated by a Washington official, and John Wissel put in temporary charge. ‘The en. tire crew will be discharged in-order to per- mit the moving of the station from ite pres- ent site to the beach, a distance of a quarter of a mile, which is considered quite a prac- Ueable schere, Ciptain J. F. Smallman, formerly of the steamer City of Milwaukee, lett here with the crew of the propeller Michigan for Mil- waukee, to tuke charge of the propeller Oneida, of the Western ‘I'ransportation Company, and run her in place of the Mich- igan until her repairs are completed. Bes fore the work of repairs can be commenced on the Michigan, now at Ferrysburg, it will be necessary to build a coffer dam, which will cause a little more delay than first sup- posed. AMHERSTBURG. The Stranger went out to bring in the Colchester Ref lightehip-on Thursday, but the storm was so severe that she broke away four times and finally landed on Bar Point where she sunk, owing to the heavy strain opening her seams. She was towed to this port last Thursday, by the Stranger, in a waterlogged condition, Captain James Gordon says that she has behaved well dur- Ing all storms. The Dresden brought in the Bar Point lightship on Tuesday night, and sho is now at Park & Borrowman’s dock—her usual winter quarters, LORAIN, The. propeller Mackinaw and consort Genesee Chief will take out the last coal cargoes of the season, the former for Marine City and Sarnia, and the latter for Walker- ville. The Mackinaw, receives 50 cents a ton and the Chief 45 cents. CHEBOYGAN. The tug William A. Moore was dispatched to the propeller Morley, ashore near Grand Marais, and left Detour on the 28th. The echooner Vickery was disabled by the late storm, and, having eplit her foresail and some jibs und broke her foreboom could not make Charlevoix, but ran with the wind and came here to make repairs. If she is unable to get a load she will go into winter quarters here. The wrecking expedition under the super- vision of Captain Kirtland has not yet ar- rived from the schooner Wells. The vessel is thought to be badly damaged. The weather for several days past has been fa- vorable for working her. The Messenger and Van Raalte had no trouble in getting back from the Soo, and other boats can get down easily. The tug Swain has been sent to take another pull at the C. J. Wells, The life savers took the crew off last week and landed them safely at Beaver Harbor. The men were competely exhausted from their long siege of terrible exposure, and say they could not have held out much longer. They were brought hereon the tug Swain and were sent home at once. The lite saving crew are entitled to great credit for the heorie manner in which they remained at the wreck until all had been saved. Their work was performed with great difficulty. The wreck is now a tnass of ice. The Wells is owned by George L, Colwell and is valued at $12,000. SARNIA. The Canadian propeller Tecumeeh went ashore in Michnel’s Bay, on the south eide of Manitoulin Island. She has been scuttled, and is lying easy. The accident was on ac- count of losing her anchors. She belongs to the Northern ‘Transportation Company, of Sarnia is worth $27,000, and Is insured for $25,000 In the ‘Thames and Mersey Com- pany. She was built at Chatham by Hyslop in 1873, and measures 543 tons. ’ OTTAWA. The owners of the steamer Owen Sound, ashore at Michipicoten river, want the Amer- ican tug Winslow to receive permission to go to the relief of the wrecked steamer. The Winslow, however, is on the black list ot the department, and is wanted badly fot re- peated infractions of Canadian laws, The departofent could not condone her pust offenses, as it would do if it permitted the Winslow to enter Canadian waters without seizing her,