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CANADA ST SHIP pe Freighter CITY OF WINDSOR, Photographed at Sarnia, Ontario 1960. MEANINGS OF BOAT WHISTLES 1 LONG: | am directing my course to starboard (right). 2 LONG: | am directing my course to port (left). 5 oa aid SHORT BLASTS SOUNDED RAPIDLY: 1 EXTRA LONG BLAST 8 SECONDS OR MORE: Vessel leaving dock o 2 NONG AND. 2 SHORT Call for dispatch to American Locks. 3 LONG AND 2 SHORT: Call for dispatch to Canadian ocks, 1 LONG AND 1 SHORT: Your signal is understood and is satisfactory to me. 2SH oar tap vesel in loc or at dock with winches and propeller. 1 SHORT vos of lines at dock or in lock. 3 LONG AY |ORT: 3 SHORT, Vevsel moana la 3 SH eck speed of oat vessel. 1 LONG AND 2 SHORT: Master salute. 1 LONG AND 2 LCNG AND 1 SHORT: | am at anchor. 1¢ of the above signals are listed in the pilot rules while others have been adopted through com- ‘0 by Thomas Manse NAUTICAL MEASUREMENTS Deadweight Tonnage isthe actual carrying capacity of a freighter or tanker expressed in long tons (2,240 pounds each). It inclu and spare pi to measure naval ships. It is the weight of the volume of water displaced (occupied) by a ship, measured in long ton. Gross Tonnage is the measurement used passenger ships. It is based on the number of cubic nclosed space. Each 100 cubic feet equals a gross ton ‘not is one nautical mile an hour. The international nautical mile equals 6,076 feet. Navigators usually round this off to 6,080 feet. A land mile is 5,280 feet Net Tonnage a measure of the revenue-prod spaces of ships tis figured by deducting from the ross tonnage ab ins, engine rooms, and other es that have no cargo-capacity. It is Si to determine taxes, canal tolls, and port char